Report on Accelerator Center

QIN Qing

Accelerator Center, IHEP24 Oct., 2013

Outline

• Mission and History• Personnel • Research and Achievements• Management• Plan and Outlook for Future

Development• Self-evaluation and summary

1. Mission and History

• One of the key divisions in IHEP from 1973, when IHEP was established.

• Main force on large science facility construction

since BEPC.• Supporter to the future projects in IHEP.

Mission

• Develop accelerator physics and technology

• Design, construct, and operate the accelerator-based large science facilities

• Support the transfer of accelerator technology to civilian technology

• Train student and young scientists/technicians for future projects

History

1973 Accelerator Division (Head: Shu Zhou), when IHEP founded

1977 Accelerator Department (Head: Long He)

1982 Proton Linac Division (Head: Qingyi Zhou)

Electron Linac Division (Head: Shu Zhou)

Storage Ring Division (Head: Jianming Xu)

Control and Beam Instrumentation Division (Head: Shiyao Liu)

Mechanics and Vacuum Division (Head: Kaixi Huang), merged into Storage Ring Division in 1991

Radiation Safety Division (Head: Jianping Li)

1998 Accelerator Center (Head: Yingzhi Wu), joined by Linac, Storage Ring, Control and BI, and Radiation Safety divisions.

2001 Proton Linac Division joined Accelerator Center

Milestones

1998.10 Accelerator Center was founded2000.07 BEPCII project approved in principle by the centre

government2004.01 BEPCII construction started2005.06 CSNS approved in principle by the central government2005.07 BEPC ring shutdown and dismantled after successful

operation of 17 years2009.07 BEPCII passed state acceptance test and started operation

for users2011.04 ADS project started2011.09 CSNS construction started

2013 Luminosity of BEPCII reaching 7.08×1032cm-2s-1, ADS spoke cavity hori. test, CSNS construction…

Administrative Secretary

Science Committee

Accelerator Center

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Accelerato

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Mech

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Rad

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Cryogenics

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2. Personnel

Human Resource

Basic facts (until Sept. 2013)• Staff: 307 (104 of Dongguan) • Graduate student: 95• Temporary staff: 35 Total

> 400

Researchers: 35%Engineers: 56%Executives & Supporting Staff: 9%

Personnel in ProjectsBEPCII: 71CSNS: 154ADS: 52BAPS,ILC, …… : 30

2008-13 164 new staff

>100%Will keep increasing in the near future

• Personnel Structure

Staff No. Age Educational Background Title Type

307

<36 19436-45 5946-55 41>55 13

Doctor 73Master 149Bachelor 65College 17Middle school 3

Professor 37Associate 76Assistant 112 Junior 82

Researcher 105Engineer 176Technician 21Secretary 5

Doctor & Master degree: > 70% Strong R&D ability and deep potential

CAS Hundred-Talent Program: 3NSFC Distinguished Youth: 2 Excellent Talents

Title/Age <36 36-45 46-55 >55 TotalPercentage

（ % ）Professor 0 10 21 6 37 12.0

Associate 24 35 12 6 77 25.1

Assistant 90 13 8 1 112 36.5

Junior 80 1 0 0 81 26.4

Total 194 59 41 13 307 100.0

Percentage （ %）

63.2 19.2 13.4 4.2 100.0

Personnel Status

Suitable age and title structure, fit for academic and R&D major

Young and vigorous: Associate & Assistant are main forces

Sustainable development

Supporting team

• Experienced technicians• 82% technicians get the University/College diploma• In responsible of recruiting and fostering new

technicians with a higher degreeTitle/Age <36 36-45 46-55 >55 Total Percentage

Senior technician 0 3 4 4 11 52.4%

Technician 0 2 5 1 8 38.1%

Assistant technician 2 0 0 0 2 9.5%

Total 2 5 9 5 21 100%

Administrative

• Director: Qin Qing• Deputy directors: Ma Li Fu Shinian Chi Yunlong Cao Jianshe• Science Committee Leader: Gao Jie

5 Secretaries: 3 for the whole center 2 for CSNS project

Collaborations around the world

• Labs: ANL, BNL, CERN, FERMI, KEK, IMP, INFN, Jlab, LANL, NSRRC, NSRL, SINAP, SLAC, etc.

• Projects: LHC, SSRF, HLS, etc.• Int’l committee: ICFA, ACFA, CMAC, SAREC, IAC

of J-PARC, etc.• Int’l conference and workshop committees, such

as IPAC, NaPAC, LINAC, WAO, ARW, ICHEP, etc.

3. Research and Achievements

• 1982 – 1998, Design, construction, operation, and luminosity upgrade of BEPC.• 1998 – now, Upgrade project of BEPC (BEPCII), Design, construction of CSNS, Study and develop on ADS key technologies.• 1998 – now, SC RF cavity, waveguide, accelerator tube, power supply, vacuum tech, etc., and accelerator physics studies.

2004.1.17 2004.4.30

2004.4.302004.4.30 2004.5.1

BEPCII Construction Started in 2004

Ceremony of BEPC Ring Shutdown in July 2005

Commissioning and operation of BEPCII

0

2

4

6

8

Lum

inos

ity

(×10

32cm

-2s-1

)

0

200

400

600

800

Beam

current (mA

)Lumi nosi ty e+ beam current

e- beam current

CSNS project

R&D , and mass production

Groundbreaking on 20th Oct., 2011

ADS project

LEBT MEBT1RFQ

162.5MHzECR

SC-HWRSC-CH

162.5MHz

LEBT MEBT1RFQ

325.0MHzECR

Spoke 325MHz

Spoke021 325MHz

28 cavities

Spoke040 325MHz

72 cavities

Elliptical 063 650MHz

28 cavities

Elliptical 082 650 MHz85 cavities

Injector II (IMP)

Injector I (IHEP)

MEBT2 10MeV

34 MeV 178 MeV 367 MeV 1500 MeV

2.1 MeV

3.2 MeV

35 keV

35 keV

TargetHEBT

Main linac (IHEP ， IMP)

• The proton accelerator is being built by IHEP and IMP together.

• This project started from early 2011.

Development of accelerator technology

POST

He gas return pipe

80K shield

8K shield

2K two-phase helium

High power coupler

Vacuum port

4.5K forward

40K forward

8K return

80K return

Cryo-module for EXFEL

Cryo-module for 9-cell SC cavityCryo-module forBEPCII SRF cavity

Microwave element

Power sources and suppliers

Accelerator physics studies - examples• Design study on BEPCII, CSNS, ADS, BAPS, and

ILC/DR.• Beam-beam simulation code with strong-strong

model, developed and used in the BEPCII.• Electron cloud effect code, developed and used in

the BEPCII and CSNS.• End to end particle dynamics simulation code,

developed for proton linac study. • Join the laser plasma acceleration collaboration.

Education, training, publication

• Graduate student courses (Accelerator physics, Accelerator technology, etc.)

• Accelerator physics and tech serious seminars• BEPC training course• Organizing and parti- cipating OCPA AS, USPAS, CAS, US-Japan-Russia- CERN Acc. School, etc.

Graduated students in past 14 years

30

Publications (2008-2012)

No. of publications including journals and proceedings

Accelerator technology transfer

• Waveguide components• Various kinds of magnets• Acceleration tube & turn-key linac• Others

Collaborations around world

Achievements and Awards

Top National Science and Technology Progress Awards

— The Beijing Electron Positron Collider (1990)

First-grade National Science and Technology Progress Award

— The Beijing 35MeV Proton Linear Accelerator (1991)

First-grade Beijing Science and Technology Progress Awards

— BEPCII positron source (2008)

First-grade Gansu Science and Technology Progress Awards

— Superconducting Magnet Power Supply (2008)

Second-grade Beijing Science and Technology Progress Awards

— BEPCII dual aperture quadrupole magnet in IR (2008)

4. Management

• Director panel of Accelerator Center --- Director and deputies, and the chair of Science Committee.

• Important decisions made in the bi-weekly meeting of the director panel.

• Coordinate all the projects undertaken by Accelerator Center in manpower, laboratory apparatus, etc., prioritizing large projects and tasks from other funding.

• Shortage of manpower makes some individuals have to work for different projects --- manage in a “matrix” way:

BEPCII

CSNS

ADS

BAPS

……

Accelerator Physics

Accelerator Technology

Support

AP

PS

RF

• Short term task of accelerator center– Promote the peak and integrated luminosity of BEPCII,

try our best to reach the design value. Run BSRF as stable as possible.

– Finish the construction of CSNS, reach the design value of beam power and neutron flux.

– Develop the key technology of ADS, reach the expected goal of ADS pre-leading project.

– Carry on the R&D of the Beijing Advanced Photon Source.

5. Strategy and Outlook for Future Development

• Mid term projects oriented research– Beijing Advanced Photon Source (BAPS) is planned, with

its R&D project to proposed. Some key accelerator technologies and accelerator physics need R&D, including• Accelerator physics study• High-precision quadrupoles and sextupoles• Pulsed sextupole for injection• SC wiggler and low temperature undulator• Some beam diagnostics components• Mechanics and girder• Stability study including mock-up tunnel• RF power source and 5-cell cavity

• An ERL experimental facility is also under study, which can provide experience for the large ERL at the future upgrading phase of BAPS. The key technologies include: – low-emittance, photo-cathode DC-gun– SC RF cavities in continuous wave operation mode– high precision timing system– diagnostics system for low-emittance– short-bunch electron beam– insertion devices for high-brilliance radiation.

Long term projects oriented research - CEPC+SppC

• A circular e+/e- collider as Higgs Factory has been studying at IHEP. If it can be built in 10 years from now, it will put China as one of the key players in high-energy physics. The machine can be converted into a proton-proton collider for tens TeV high-energy frontier.

ee+ Higgs Factory

pp collider

CEPC： 240 – 250GeV

SppC： 50 – 90 TeV

Long term projects oriented research - MOMENT

• After neutrino experiments at Daya Bay and JUNO which both are based on reactor neutrinos, a longer term project based on accelerator neutrinos is also under study at IHEP.

• MOMENT (MuOn-decay Medium baseline NeUTrino beam facility) is a dedicated machine to measure leptonic CP violation.

International collaborations

• International Linear Collider (ILC/CLIC)– Accelerator physics– R&D studies (final focus, positron target, SRF etc.)

• Novel accelerator concepts– Laser plasma acceleration: domestic and international

collaboration• Muon cooling and acceleration

– Collaboration with International study on Neutrino Factory• Circular Higgs factory• Light sources (ring-based, ERL, FEL)

Challenges

• More national projects have to be operated, constructed and finished.

• Lack of manpower, especially the top level scientists, experienced technicians, and young talents.

• Less innovative research work.• Insufficient budget and labs for technology

development.• Less support from industry.

Possible solutions

• Put the talents of all trained personnel to rational use, increasing efficiency.

• Try to get more basic technology development budget from different fields, like CAS, MOST, NSFC, etc.

• Make better use of the budget of all projects, combine project construction better with research work.

• Attract more talents all over the world.

6. Self-evaluation and summary

• Self-evaluation– Developed with the 1st HEP accelerator construction and

operation in IHEP, and with some other new facilities being built now, Accelerator Center is now in the leading position of accelerator field in China.

– Some accelerator physics study and accelerator technologies R&D are in well-developing.

– Aimed at the top level labs in the world, main challenge comes from the shortage of manpower, especially experienced talents in all areas of accelerator.

Summary

• The Accelerator Center is developed along with the development of accelerator physics and technology, for both high energy physics and user application.

• Operation, construction large scientific facilities are the main tasks of the Accelerator Center in the short-term.

• For long-term development, next generation high energy physics facility and user platform will be the direction of Accelerator Center.

• More young talents are needed for the future.

ee+ Higgs Factory

pp collider

CEPC： 240 – 250GeV

SppC： 50 – 90 TeV

ILC collaboration

LEBT MEBT1RFQ

162.5MHzECR

SC-HWRSC-CH

162.5MHz

LEBT MEBT1RFQ

325.0MHzECR

Spoke 325MHz

Spoke021 325MHz

28 cavities

Spoke040 325MHz

72 cavities

Elliptical 063 650MHz

28 cavities

Elliptical 082 650 MHz

85 cavities

Injector II (IMP)

Injector I (IHEP)

MEBT2 10MeV

34 MeV 178 MeV 367 MeV 1500 MeV

2.1 MeV

3.2 MeV

35 keV

35 keV

TargetHEBT

Thanks for your attention!