Report for Field Work

8/8/2019 Report for Field Work

1/13

REPORT FOR FIELD WORK

LAKHRA FORMATION

BY

FAISAL KHOKHAR

2K9GLG39

University Of Sindh

Jamshoro


2/13

1:- Executive summary 1

2:- Introduction 2

2.1- accessibility

2.2- purpose and work

2.3- previous work

3:- Geology of area

3.1- History3.2- lithology

3.3- stratigraphy

3.4- sequence

3.5- general geo:

3.6- hydrology

3.7- structure

4:- Conclusion


3/13

A cknowledgement

We visited lakhra for study purpose with our respectedteachers Sir Mashooq A li Warar and Sir A sghar A li Hakrowith permission of department director Sir Sarfraz A liSolangi, and we are thankful to him to provide us theconvince to go on field study and gave us the apartunity tovisit the lakhra formation.

Executive Summary

The description is about the formation of lakhra


4/13

2. Introduction

The lakhra contain Flat topped hills, slopesdown gently towards Indus plain stand out in

the eastern, northern andsouthern parts of the area. The broad Lakhravalley crosses the central part of the area and is

joined bynumber of tributaries. Highest point is 686 ftabove sea level near coal mines and lowest

point is 238 ftabove sea level near Lakhra Nala.

2.1- locationLakhra coal field is situated in the Dadu district

of Sindh Province of Pakistan. It is 48 km North-


5/13

West of the town of Hyderabad. The proposed project area lies between Latitudes 25 30

minutes and 2550 minutes N, and Longitudes 68 15 minutes.Location map of Lakhra coalfield is enclosed.

2.2- A ccessibilityLakhra coal field is connected by a metallic

road with Indus Highway, which runs along theright

bank of river Indus. Standard gauge single railtrack is also available near Khanot village along

the side, lakhra is easy to approach by vehiclesfrom jamshoro.

2.3- previous work The work of study in geological field was

performed near Mehran University and other inThano Bula khan dist: jamshoro.


6/13

3:- Geology of area Lakhra coal field is doubly plunging anticline,

known as Lakhra A nticline. Its axis runsEast direction, folding is very gentle and the dipof the strata not exceeds 7 degrees. There are gfaults almost parallel to the anticline axis. Thefault dips at high angles with small down throw.Gethe coal bearing strata are of tertiary period. Theupper coal bearing strata is important and contworkable coal seams. Lakhra coal is associatedwith the Bara Formation of late Paleocene age.

3.1- historyA s early as 1855 Baloch nomads during the

course of sinking water well struck coal bed inLakhra


7/13

area. A fter that many geological investigationshave been carried out in the Lakhra area by

national andinternational organizations. Interest in largescale exploration of coal for power generation

began to developin the early 1960 when the Geological Surveyof Pakistan and United States GeologicalSurvey performeda systematic geological investigation of thearea. Pakistan Industrial DevelopmentCorporation carried outvarious tests and found Lakhra coal suitable for

power generation.

3.2- lithology

Lakhra formation consist of sandstone,limestone, clay stone, or shale stone andsiltstone. Sandstone is dominant in the Basel

beds, whereas limestone s dominant in the


8/13

upper part and alternates with sandtone andclaysrone. The sandstone is thin to thik bedded,

light-gray, dark-brown/chocolate, yellow-brownand red in coulor. It is fine to coarse grained intexture with subangular to subrounded grain.Fossliferous in certain layers and calcareous, at

places grades into sandy limestone.it is hard andresistant when calcareous and fossiliferous(Thomas and khan, 1989) .

3.3-Stratigraphy

This formation conformably overlies theBara formation but uncomfortably underliesthe Laki formation. A t places the Lakiformation is missing and Manchar Formationoverlies the lakhara formation.

The unit is of variable thickness because of postlakhra erosion (Thomas 1993).


9/13

The thickness of this formation increasefrom northeast to southwest and the total

thickness recorded in a section is about 113meter. The age assigned to this formaiotn isMidle to late Paleocene.

3.4-Sequence


10/13

3.5-Genaral geology

Lakhra coal field is doubly plunging

anticline, known as Lakhra A nticline. Its axisruns in North-

East direction, folding is very gentle and the dipof the strata not exceeds 7 degrees. There aregroup of

faults almost parallel to the anticline axis. Thefault dips at high angles with small down throw.Geologically

the coal bearing strata are of tertiary period. Theupper coal bearing strata is important andcontains

workable coal seams. Lakhra coal is associatedwith the Bara Formation of late Paleocene age.


11/13

3.6-Hydrology

The depth to ground water table is 110.2

meters and the elevation of the table is 23.8meters. Coal

seam is generally above the ground water.Climate is semi arid. A verage rainfall is 20 to30 cm and limited

recharges to aquifers through rainfall.

The average rain-fall is110-150 mm duringJuly A ugust.

3.7-Structure

There was a fold that the type of anticline atthe flank of anticline is lakhra formation and in

the core anticline there was khadro formation.


12/13

.

5:- Conclusion


13/13

Documents

Report for Field Work