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RENEWABLE ENERGY BASED MULTI INPUT
DC-DC CONVERTER 1T Alex Stanley Raja, 2R Senthil Kumar, 3K V Santhosh Kumar
1Assistant Professor, Department of EEE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam,
Tamilnadu, India.
2 Professor, Department of EEE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamilnadu,
India
3 Assistant Professor, Department of EEE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam,
Tamilnadu,India
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract - There has been an increase in demand for clean and sustainable energy sources, and solar energy is
currently considered to be one of the most valuable and abundant yet low -maintenance clean sustainable energy
source. Photovoltaic solar energy systems require DC-DC converter in order to regulate and control the varying output
of the solar panel. This paper suggests a converter design that will ensure high performance and cos t efficiency. The
converter has been simulated in MATLAB and the hardware was done by choosing the design values appropriately.
This design aims to have lower losses for higher switching frequencies, and maximize the added advantages of the
proposed converter, such as low ripple, high efficiency and low electrical stress on the components.
Keywords - Solar; Renewable; Buck -Boost; DC/DC Converter; MATLAB.
I. INTRODUCTION
Rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves, ever increasing energy demand and concerns over climate change
motivate power generation from renewable energy sources. Solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind have emerged as popular
energy sources due to their ecofriendly nature and cost effectiveness. However, these sources are intermittent in nature.
Hence, it is a challenge to supply stable and continuous power using these sources. This can be addressed by efficiently
integrating with energy storage elements. The interesting complementary behavior of solar insolation and wind velocity
pattern coupled with the above-mentioned advantages has led to the research on their integration resulting in the hybrid
PV– wind systems. For achieving the integration of multiple renewable sources, the traditional approach involves using
dedicated single-input converters one for each source, which are connected to a common dc-bus [1]. However, these
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converters are not effectively utilized, due the intermittent nature of the renewable sources. In addition, there are
multiple power conversion stages which reduce the efficiency of the system. A significant amount of the literature
exists on the integration of solar and wind energy, as a hybrid energy generation system mainly focuses on its sizing
and optimization.
In the sizing of generators in a hybrid system is investigated. In this system, the sources and storage are
interfaced at the dc-link through their dedicated converters. Other contributions are made on their modeling aspects and
control techniques for a stand-alone hybrid energy system. Dynamic performance of a stand-alone hybrid PV–wind
system with battery storage is analyzed. [2],[3]. In a passivity/sliding mode control is presented which controls the
operation of wind energy system to complement the solar energy generating system. Not many attempts are made to
optimize the circuit con-figuration of these systems that could reduce the cost and increase the efficiency and reliability.
In integrated converters for PV and wind energy systems are presented. PV–wind hybrid system, proposed has a simple
power topology, but it is suitable for stand-alone applications.
II. INTERLEAVED DC-DC BOOST CONVERTER
A two-phase interleaved boost converter is usually employed in high input -current and high input-to-output
voltage conversion applications. The circuit diagrams of the two phase interleaved boost converter with uncoupled,
directly coupled is shown.
Fig.1 Interleaved dc-dc boost converter
There are two modes of operation in two phase interleaved boost converter for renewable energy applications
such as photovoltaic module, fuel cell [4].
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Mode 1 Operation: (0 ≤ t < t1):
At t =0, the gate pulse is given to the switch ‗S1‗ of the first phase. Then the switch ‗S1‗ is turned on, the
current across the inductor L1 rises linearly. At the same time, the switch ‗S2‗ in the second phase is turned off and the
energy stored in the inductor L2 is transferred to the load through the output diode D2. In this time interval, the diode
D1 in the first phase is in reverse bias condition. At time t0, S1 is closed. The current in the inductor L1 starts to rise
while L2 continues to discharge. The rate of change of iL2 is approximately given by,
Mode 2 Operation: (t1 ≤ t < t2):
At t = t1, the gate pulse is given to the switch ‗S2‗ of the first phase. Then the switch ‗S2‗ is turned on, the
current across the inductor L2 rises linearly. At the same time, the switch ‗S1‗ in the first phase is turned off and the
energy stored in the inductor L1 is transferred to the load through the output diode D1. In this time interva l, the diode
D2 in the second phase is in reverse bias condition.
At time t1, S2 is closed. The current in the inductor L2 starts to rise while L1 continues to discharge. The rate of change
to rise of IL1is approximately obtained.
III. PRO POSED METHO DO LO GY
Fig.2 Block diagram of proposed system
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An integrated four-port topology based on hybrid PV–wind system is proposed. However, despite simple
topology, the control scheme used is complex. In feed the dc loads, a low capacity multiport converter for a hybrid
system is presented. Hybrid PV–wind-based generation of electricity and its interface with the power grid are the
important research areas have proposed a multi-input hybrid PV–wind power generation system which has a boost-
fused multi-input dc–dc converter [5]. This system is mainly focused on improving the dc-link voltage regulation. In the
interleaved boost converter topology proposed in the outputs of a PV array and wind generators are fed to a boost
converter. The use of multi-input converter for hybrid power systems is attracting increasing attention because of
reduced component count, enhanced power density, compactness, and control.
Due to these advantages, many topologies are proposed, and they can be classified into three groups, namely,
nonisolated, fully isolated, and partially isolated multiport topologies.[6] All the power ports in nonisolated multiport
topologies share a common ground. To derive the multiport dc–dc converters, a series or parallel configuration is
employed in the input side.
IV. SIMULATIO N AND RESULTS
Fig.3 PV-WIND Coupled DC/DC Converter
Fig 3 shows the simulation model of proposed system. The input to the converter is given from the sources as
wind and solar. The output is taken out from interleaved dc –dc boost converter. The simulations results of the
converter under different cases are given below,
The output from the solar panel is given to the converter.
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Fig. 4 Input to the Converter
As the wind system gives AC voltage, it is converted into DC voltage by rectifier.
Fig. 5 Output from Rectifier
The output from the converter when wind block output is given as input
Fig. 6 Converter output fed by wind
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In this case output of the overall project is shown. When all sources (solar, wind, battery) are in closed state ,
the below output is obtained.
Fig.7 Overall output with both wind and PV input
The following table below shows the input and the output of the converter proposed by the project.
Table 1. Comparison of the input and output of the converter
The total output obtained from the system when both the sources are used is 275 V.
V. CONCLUSION
A grid-connected hybrid PV–wind-battery-based power evacuation scheme for household application is
proposed. The proposed hybrid system provides an elegant integration of PV and wind source to extract maximum
energy from the two sources. It is realized by a novel multi-input transformer-coupled bidirectional dc–dc converter
followed by a conventional full-bridge inverter. A versatile control strategy which achieves a better utilization of PV,
wind power, battery capacities without effecting life of battery, and power flow management in a grid-connected hybrid
PV–wind-battery-based system feeding ac loads is presented. Detailed simulation studies are carried out to ascertain the
viability of the scheme.
Solar Wind
Input of the
converter 150 V
Generator
output=140V
rectified
output=135V
Output of the
converter 290V 290V
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The experimental results obtained are in close agreement with simulations and are supportive in demonstrating the
capability of the system to operate either in grid feeding or in stand-alone modes. The proposed configuration is capable
of supplying uninterruptible power to ac loads, and ensures the evacuation of surplus PV and wind power into the grid.
REFERENCES
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Mangu, Member, IEEE, S. Akshatha, Student Member, IEEE, D. Suryanarayana, Member, IEEE, and B. G. Fernandes,
Member, IEEE.
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[3] F. Valenciaga and P. F. Puleston, ―Supervisor control for a stand -alone hybrid generation system using wind and
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[5]Balamurugan.E, jagadeesan.A, ―Geographic Routing Resilient To Location Errors‖, International Journal Of Innovations In Scientific And Engineering Research Vol 5, no3, PP21-
26,MAR 2018.
[6] W. D. Kellogg, M. H. Nehrir, G. Venkataramanan, and V. Gerez, ―Gen -eration unit sizing and cost analysis for
stand-alone wind, photovoltaic, and hybrid wind/PV systems,‖ IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 70–
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