120 ESVP/ECVP Proceedings 2013 150:1, 2014

RENAL APOPTOSIS SIGNALLING IN A PIGHAEMORRHAGIC MODEL AFTER VOLUME

REPLACEMENT WITH HES 130/0.4 OR RINGER’SSOLUTION

R. Cruz*,y,z, H. Vala*,y, A. Machado*,y, C. Venancio z,J.R. Mesquita*,y, A. Silva x, A.L. Ortiz{ and D. Ferreira#

*ESAV, IPV, yCI&DETS, IPV, zUTAD, xREQUIMTE, Portugal,{Le�on University, Spain and #CICV/FMV-ULHT, Portugal

Introduction: TUNEL labelling is one of the most frequently usedmethods to detect apoptosis in renal tissues. The aim of this studywas to evaluate kidney damage after acute haemorrhage and volumereplacement with a colloid or a crystalloid, in a pig model.Materials and Methods: In accord with animal welfare regula-tions, three groups (n 5 6) of large white pigs were enrolled in thestudy. All groups underwent total intravenous anaesthesia and weresubjected to acute haemorrhage and volume replacement with Ring-er’s lactate or HES 130/0.4, 20 min after haemorrhage. Control pigsdid not undergo bleeding and volume replacement. Pigs were killedand renal samples were taken and analyzed by the TUNEL method.ANOVA was used to compare data between groups.Results: An intense positive signal in tubular epithelial cells wasobserved in all samples. The level of signalling per mm2 was signifi-cantly lower in the group receiving Ringer’s lactate (11.94) comparedwith the group receiving HES130/0.4 (67.94) and controls (146.34)(P !0.05).Conclusions: Signalling levels were lower in pigs subjected to fluidreplacement with Ringer’s lactate when compared with the controlgroup. Ringer’s lactate might promote better renal perfusion in thepresence of severe hypoperfusion.

HISTOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE SPLEEN AFTERACUTE BLEEDING FOLLOWED BY VOLUME

REPLACEMENT WITH TWO DIFFERENT PHYSIOLOGICALSOLUTIONS

M. Cabral*, A. Ortiz y, C. Venancio z, J. Mesquita x,C. N�obrega x, A. Silva{, H. Vala x and D. Ferreira#

*Agrarian Superior School, IPV Viseu, Portugal, yUniversity of Le�on, Spain,zIBMC-Porto, xCEETS-IPV Viseu, {REQUIMTE, Porto and #CICV-

ULHT, Lisboa, PortugalIntroduction: The spleen is important for many haemopoietic andimmunological functions, particularly in haemodynamic compensa-tion during haemorrhagic shock, with a crucial role in restoring bloodvolume in situations of acute haemorrhage. The administration ofphysiological solutions is of great importance for the correction ofcirculating volume, avoiding complications due to hypovolaemia.The aim of this study was to evaluate histopathological changes inthe spleen associated with volume replacement using two differentphysiological solutions (hydroxyethyl starch [HES] 130/0.4 andRinger’s lactate), after acute controlled bleeding, in a pig model.Materials andMethods: Thirty-one large white pigs underwent to-tal intravenous anaesthesia with propofol and remifentanil. A total of25ml/kg of blood was removed passively over 20 min. Intravascularvolume was replaced using Ringer’s lactate at 25 ml/kg (group 1, n5 13) or HES130/0.4 at 20 ml/kg (group 2, n 5 11). Spleen sampleswere processed for routine histopathological evaluation.Results: Significant differences were found in lymphoid follicular hy-perplasia between the control group and group 1, and between group1 and group 2, with increased follicular hyperplasia in group 1.Conclusions: Volume replacement with HES130/0.4 may reducefollicular lymphoid hyperplasia when compared with volume replace-ment with Ringer’s lactate after acute bleeding.

EFFECT OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE AND OF A DIETRICH IN POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS (PUFAs) ONTHE IMMUNE RESPONSE OF THE MAMMARY GLAND IN

SHEEPC. Brachelente*, E. Lepri*, G. Acuti y, A. Giontella y,

M. Trabalza Marinucci y, L. Mechelli* and I. Porcellato**Department of Biopathological Sciences and Hygiene of Animal and

Alimentary Productions and yDepartment of Pathology, Diagnostic andVeterinary Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy

Introduction: PUFAs have been demonstrated to play an importantrole in the prevention of several diseases in man. The aim of thisresearch was to analyze the influence of dietary supplementationwith extruded linseed (a source of omega-3 fatty acids) on the phys-iological state of the ovine mammary gland.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on a flock ofSarda sheep, divided into two groups (S, supplemented and C, con-trol). S group diet was supplemented with linseed. Biopsy samplesfrom mammary glands were analyzed morphologically and immuno-histochemically in order to evaluate the health status of the organ.Results: Dietary supplementation with linseed did not result in sub-stantial changes in the immune response of the mammary gland.Although the incidence of mastitis was higher in S sheep comparedwith C sheep (52.73% versus 47.27%), this was related to the phys-iological state (pregnancy/lactation). Immunohistochemistry showedthat, when present, the inflammatory process was milder in S sheepthan in C sheep, with lower T and B cell counts.Conclusions: Dietary linseed supplementation has no detrimentaleffect on the mammary gland health status and possibly has an immu-nomodulatory action.

VASCULAR HAMARTOMA IN THE CAUDAL BRAINSTEM OFA FOAL

N. Borel*, P. Grest*, H. Junge y and M. Wehrli-Esery*Institute of Veterinary Pathology and yInternal Medicine Unit, Clinic for

Horses, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, SwitzerlandIntroduction: Vascular hamartomas are non-neoplastic develop-mental anomalies of the vasculature. Cases of cerebral vascular ha-martomas have been reported in dogs and cats.Materials and Methods: A 4-week-old Freiberger foal showedproblems with swallowing since birth and developed laryngeal andfacial nerve paralysis thereafter. Necropsy examination revealed apink mass in the caudal brainstem. The mass was further investigatedby histopathology and immunohistochemistry.Results: Histologically, the mass consisted of many thin-walledblood-filled vascular structures of variable diameter, involving thewhite matter in the caudal brainstem. The predominant populationwas immunohistochemically positive for factor VIIIa (von Wille-brand factor), interpreted as endothelial cells. The endothelial-lined vascular spaces were supported by a second cell populationthat was positive for smooth muscle actin, interpreted as pericytes.Conclusions: A diagnosis of focal vascular hamartoma in the caudalbrainstem was made. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the firstreport of a vascular hamartoma in the caudal brainstem of a foal.In this case, the development of clinical signs was attributed tocompression of the surrounding cerebral parenchyma.