Renal Anatomy-Surag Khadka

Contents

• Anatomy of the Kidney

• Anatomy of the Nephron

• Anatomy of the glomerulus (Histology)

Kidneys

• They are retroperitoneal organs (therefore the loin pain)

• Sits between T11-L2/3 with hilum at L1

• Surrounded by:• Perinephric fat

• Renal fascia (Route of infection across the midline)

• Paranephric fat

Kidney: Internal Structure

Cortex

Medulla

Minor Calyx

Major Calyx

Renal pelvis

Renal ArteryRenal Vein

Renal pyramid

Renal Papilla

Ureter

R G Tunstall 2013

Nephron

• Cortical Nephron or Juxtamedullary Nephron (Location difference)

• Proximal convulated tubule

• 100% Glucose

• 70% Water

• Sodium and Potassium

• Loop of Henle

• 20% water (Only in descending)

• Sodium, potassium (in ascending)

• Distal convulated tubule

• Final tuning

Glomerulus

Glomerulus

• Filtration barrier in glomerulus• Capillary endothelium

• Basement membrane (negatively charged)

• Podocytes (size dependent)