REMOTE SENSING The Exploratory Science

By Sabirin Marlizan

Mode Of Presentation :

1. Introduction & Technology Involved 2. Operation & Applications In Malaysia

3. Other Special Applications

1. Introduction & Technology Involved

1.1 Introduction Remote sensing is a • cost effective tool for performing various research on

local and regional scales. • not a new concept and has been used extensively in

global research over the past several decades. • recent advances in remote sensing technologies, lower

cost, and greater availability of remotely-sensed data has made it a much more attractive solution for local and regional governments, schools, and universities interested in performing researches that may have real impact on their communities.

1.1 What is Remote Sensing?

• Remote sensing can be defined as the study of something without making actual contact with the object of study. More precisely, it can be defined as:

• "The acquisition and measurement of data/information on some property(ies) of a phenomenon, object, or material by a recording device not in physical, intimate contact with the feature(s) under surveillance"

Remote sensing deals with the detection and measurement of phenomena with devices sensitive to electromagnetic energy such as Light (cameras and scanners) Heat (thermal scanners) Radio Waves (radar)

1.2 Components of a Remote Sensing System

1.3 Special Characteristics of Remote Sensing

• Synoptic (bird's eye) view coverage of large areas providing simultaneous different spatial information - suitable for integrated development planning and monitoring.

• Repeatative aerial coverage facilitating monitoring of dynamic activities and phenomena.

• Data are collected in digital form - facilitate processing by using computer (speed, consistency, data transfer).

• Sensors can measure energy at wavelengths which are beyond the range of human vision (ultra-violet, infrared, microwave).

• Global monitoring is possible from nearly any site on earth.

1.4 Remote Sensing Technology

QuickBirdII image (0.67m resolution)

of MACRES Headquarters

Pan-sharpened IKONOS

(1m resolution) image of KLCC

SPOT5 Supermode image 2.5m resolution: Putrajaya

Landsat 7 image 15m resolution showing sedimentation around Penang

Radarsat image 12.5m resolution of Kelantan flood

2. Operation & Applications In Malaysia

2.1 Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing (MACRES)

• established as an R&D centre in August 1988 and was fully operational in January

1990.

Equipped with

• computer system for satellite data image processing, geographic information system and global positioning system,

• satellite ground receiving station for real time data acquisition, • microwave remote sensing laboratory (anechoic chamber, mobile scatterometer),

• remote sensing digital photographic laboratory, • remote sensing data archiving and retrieval centre, • National Disaster Data and Information (NADDI) System and • MACRES GIS Immersive Centre (MAGIC).

Located at No. 13, Jalan Tun Ismail, Kuala Lumpur officiated on 5 August 2005

MACRES Headquarters

The establishment of MACRES Ground Receiving Station (MGRS) in Temerloh,

Pahang was completed in March 2000 and located on a 100-acre sites. The ground station enables satellite remote sensing data of the country to be

acquired on real time basis. This enhanced the national capability to acquire data required for socio-economic development and strategic planning of the nation.

With its 2500 km radius footprint coverage, the facility is capable of receiving

satellite data of Malaysia, ASEAN countries, southern part of China and eastern part of India.

Temerloh Ground Receiving Station

2.2 Role and Functions Of MACRES

Objective • To develop remote sensing and related technologies; and to

operationalise their applications in user agencies for management of natural resources, environment and disasters, and strategic planning of the nation.

MACRES functions are : • Principle research and development organisation in the areas of

remote sensing and related technologies in the country. • Advisor to the government on matters pertaining to remote sensing

and related technologies in Malaysia. • Focal point for implementing the National Remote Sensing

Programme, by acting as the permanent secretariat to the National Remote Sensing Committee.

• Coordinator for implementing remote sensing activities in the country

Remote Sensing Technology Component

A- Energy Source

B- Target

C- Satellite (receive electromagnetic wave from target)

D- Ground Station (receive and process electromagnetic wave data from satellite)

E- Satellite Data (digital or hard copy)

F- Analysis and Interpretation (image processing)

G- Spatial Data Analysis and Modelling (GIS, decision supports)

NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING COMMITTEE

2.4 Major National Programmes

2.4.1 National Resource and Environmental Management (NAREM) System

2.4.2 Precision Farming 2.4.3 Rice Monitoring and Yield Prediction System 2.4.4 Monitoring of Environmentally Sensitive Areas 2.4.5 Disaster Management 2.4.6 Fish Forecasting 2.4.7 Biodiversity Inventory 2.4.8 MACRES Airborne Remote Sensing (MARS) 2.4.9 Microwave Remote Sensing Research and

Development 2.4.10 Integrated Remote Sensing and GIS Software

Development (SIPS)

2.4.1 National Resource and Environmental Management

(NAREM) System

• A comprehensive natural resource and environmental management system

with full geographic analytical capabilities to support national development planning

Comprised of three major components:

• NaSAT, where integrated database is developed using remote sensing as the main source of data input;

• NaMOS, where application packages employing model-based technique are

developed;

• and NaDES, where decision support system is developed by incorporating

data and application query capabilities.

National Resource and Environmental Management (NAREM) System

( cont’d)

National Resource and Environmental Management (NAREM) System

( cont’d)

2.4.2 Precision Farming

• To increase crop production through the use of integrated remote sensing, GIS, GPS and sensor technologies incorporating advanced agronomic and farming practices whilst simultaneously maintaining the quality of the environment.

• The system emphasizes that fertilizers, pesticides and water should be at the right amount, time and place.

• Currently implemented for two crops, rice and oil palm.

Precision Farming ( cont’d)

Precision Farming ( cont’d)

2.4.3 Rice Monitoring and Yield Prediction System

• The system developed based on the model of linear correlation

between measured rice yield and radar backscattering coefficient of multi-temporal Radarsat satellite remote sensing data.

• 95% accuracy ; capable of faster and more efficient rice yield prediction as compared to the current conventional crop cutting survey technique.

• Collaborative effort between MACRES with Multimedia University (MMU) and Muda Agriculture Development Authority (MADA).

Rice Monitoring and Yield Prediction System Using Microwave Remote Sensing

Rice Monitoring and Yield Prediction System ( cont’d)

2.4.4 Monitoring of Environmentally Sensitive Areas

• MACRES is directed by the government to continuously monitor development activities on environmentally sensitive area in the country.

• Accordingly, reports are submitted on regular basis for activities affecting areas such as water catchments, highlands, forest reserves and wetlands.

2.4.5 Disaster Management

• NADDI is developed with the objective of establishing a central system for collecting, storing, processing, analyzing and disseminating value-added data and information to support the National Security Division of the Prime Minister's Department

Consist of 3 components i.e. • (i) Early Warning;

• (ii) Detection and Monitoring;

• (iii) Mitigation and Relief.

NADDI Components

Disaster Management (cont’d)

Disaster Management (cont’d)

SPOT Image showing flooded area

IKONOS Image Showing Forest Fire

Disaster Management (cont’d)

3-D Perspective of Areas Affected by Tsunami on 26 December 2004 in Balik Pulau, Pulau Pinang

Disaster Management (cont’d)

2.4.6 Fish Forecasting

2.4.7 Biodiversity Inventory

2.4.8 MACRES Airborne Remote Sensing (MARS)

The management of dynamic events such as natural disaster, search and rescue operations

and surveillance requires real-time, high resolution and all-weather data.

The programme comprised of two sensor systems; Hyperspectral and Synthetic Aperture

Radar (SAR), mounted on two different aircraft platforms.

2.4.9 Microwave Remote Sensing Research and Development

• All-weather capability microwave remote sensing is highly needed

for a country with persistent cloud cover like Malaysia thus joint effort by MACRES and MMU to develop Malaysian capability in this technology.

R & D to cover on

• System Development

• Modeling Development

• Application Development

2.4.10 Integrated Remote Sensing and GIS Software Development (SIPS)

• It consists of modules for remote sensing image processing, GIS analysis,

model-based analysis, terrain analysis, and virtual reality.

• The modules are currently undergoing in-house testing and evaluation

The capability of Virtual GIS in generating flythrough simulation and movie.

3.0 Other Special Applications

Agriculture • Irrigation

• Soil Management

Geology

• Stratigraphy & Structure • Mineral & Mining

• Geomorphology • Petroleum Exploration

Land Information System • Rural & Cadastral

• Urban

Natural Hazard Management

• Earthquake • Flood & Cyclones

• Landslide & Soil Erosion • Volcano

Urban Planning

•Urban Sprawl •Fringe Area Development

•Urban Agglomeration •Emerging Technologies

Archaeology •General

•Site Prediction

Environment

•Conservation & Monitoring •Planning & Policy

•Wetland Management •Wildlife Management

•Forest Management

•Water Pollution •Air Pollution

•Climate Change

Other Special Applications (cont’d)

Natural Resource Management • Mountain

• Water Resources • Ocean

• Coastal Zone Management

Utility

• Power • Telecom

• Transport

Medical

• Planning & Monitoring

Military

• Defense and Safety • Intelligent

The Solar System and Planetary Exploration

•The Sun •Planetary Bodies

•Asteroids & Comets •Meteorites

Astronomy and Cosmology The Description, Origin, and

Development of the Universe •Big Bang Eras; Expansion of Space

•Birth, Life, and Death of Stars

•Pulsars, Quasars, and Black Holes •Novae and Supernovae

•Galactic Distances; Accelerating Universe •Age of the Universe

•Origin of Planetary Systems

•Origin and Nature of Life on Planetary Bodies

Science Of Geology

Military Intelligence Applications

Meteorological Application

Medical Applications of Remote Sensing

Exploration Of Terrestrial Bodies

Astronomy & Cosmology Applications

THE END

Thank You

&

Have A Nice Weekend