Remembrance

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Above: Memorial at Inglewood, Victoria

Part title: A row of wooden crosses mark the graves of several soldiers from the 10th Infantry Battalion wholay buried in Victoria Gully on Gallipoli. After theArmistice their remains were exhumed and reburiedin the Lone Pine Cemetery.PHoToGRAPH By H C NoTT. AuSTRALIAN WAR MeMoRIAL CoLLeCTIoN. Po2321.033

Title page: A simple cross marks the spot where anunknown digger lies buried on a Gallipoli hillside.

Endpapers:

(Front) Australian troops march through London. A Beagles Postcard, No.165.e.

Photograph by Central News, published by J.Beagles& Co. Ltd., e.C., Printers & Publishers, London, 1919.

AuTHoR’S CoLLeCTIoN

The Five Mile Press Pty Ltd1 Centre Road, ScoresbyVictoria 3179 Australiawww.fivemile.com.au

Part of the Bonnier Publishing Groupwww.bonnierpublishing.com

Copyright © Geoff Hocking, Julie Millowick, Christopher Atkins, 2014

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or be transmitted by any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

First published 2014Printed in China

Text design by Geoff HockingCover photograph by Julie MillowickCover art by Luke Causby, Blue Cork

National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry

Hocking, Geoff, 1947– author.Remembrance: 100 years, 100 memorials, 100 Australianstories / Geoff Hocking, Julie Millowick, Christopher Atkins

ISBN: 9781743467503 (hardback)Includes index.

World War, 1914–1918–Centennial celebrations, etc.World War, 1914–1918–Monuments–Australia.World War, 1914–1918–Personal narratives, Australian.War memorials–Australia.Monuments–Australia.Millowick, Julie, 1948– author.Atkins, Christopher, 1953– author.940.466594

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Remembrance

100 Years|100Memorials|100Australian Stories

His unknown grave is thebitterest blow; That nonebut our sobbing hearts canknow. In Memoriam notice for Clarence Woolcock, died of wounds, Pozieres, 24 July 1916

l e s t w e f o R g e T

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100 Selected Memorials

Author’s Note:This book has been prepared as a commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the beginning of the First WorldWar, however, it is about the end of war—andthrough the construction of memorials andmonuments across Australia—the persistenceof memory.

It contains a collection of contemporary pho-tographs of 100 memorials from every cornerof Australia, from island Tasmania to the GulfCountry, from Albany to Kangaroo Island.

A descendant or relative of at least one service-man or woman whose name appearson each memorial photographed has beensought. This task was not always successful, butit has almost always been possible to locate astory from one of the many who signed up incountry towns and city centres to fight for Kingand Country in the First World War.

In this endeavour we have met some remark-able people with remarkable stories to tell.one may assume that each story will be much

the same: when war breaks out, young mendown tools and rush to volunteer. They set sailfor foreign lands where they fight and manydie. Then after the dust has settled, the sur-vivors try to return to their old lives. The storiesretold here are notable by their differences, nottheir similarities.

It is also moving to consider the individualacts of commemoration that prompted the con-struction, or creation, of thousands of memori-als in thousands of communities, large andsmall, isolated or in the heart of our largestcities. The diversity of these memorials can beseen in the pages of this book. While a largenumber have a soldier standing on top of a column in the middle of town, there are also bandstands, country halls, painted walls,parks, gardens, sports grounds, picnic shelters,

avenues of trees, memorial arches and lonelycrosses on lonely back roads to nowhere.

We have tried to make a representational selection of memorials from across the country.

The arrangement is alphabetic. AlthoughAdelaide, Albury, Albany and Alice Springsprecede the first entry—Anzac Cove—Gallipoliseemed a fitting place to begin the story ofAustralia’s sacrifice in the Great War. The storyfinishes with the Tasmanian town of Zeehan.1

The number of memorials included in eachstate or territory is proportionate to the num-ber of service personnel enlisted from eachstate and territory.

An attempt was made at gender and ethnicbalance. As the First World War was essentiallya white man’s war, only those of european de-scent were eligible to enlist. However, this bookincludes several Australian-born Chinese, sev-eral Aboriginal servicemen, a female doctorfrom Adelaide, and army nurses from Victoriaand Tasmania.

4 Remembrance

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Contents: 100 Years | 100 Memorials | 100 Australian Stories35 eucla [WA] 106

36 evandale [TAS] 108

37 Flinders [VIC] 110

38 Forth [TAS] 112

39 Fromelles [FRANCe] 114

40 Geelong [VIC] 116

41 Geraldton [WA] 120

42 Geranium [SA] 122

43 Great ocean Road [VIC] 126

44 Greenbushes [WA] 128

45 Gundagai [NSW] 130

46 Gympie [QLd] 132

47 Hay [NSW] 134

48 Hobart [TAS] 136

49 Howard [QLd] 140

50 Hughenden [QLd] 142

51 Inverell [NSW] 144

52 Jeparit [VIC] 146

53 Judbury [TAS] 148

54 Kangaroo Island [SA] 150

55 Kapunda [SA] 152

56 Kerang [VIC] 154

57 Launceston [TAS] 156

58 Leeton [NSW] 158

59 Little River [VIC] 160

60 Mallala [SA] 162

61 Maryborough [QLd] 164

62 Melbourne [VIC] 168

63 Midland [WA] 178

64 Mildura [VIC] 182

65 Minlaton [SA] 184

66 Moulamein [NSW] 186

67 Mount Gambier [SA] 188

68 Murrumburrah [NSW] 190

1 Anzac Cove [TuRKey] Page 18

2 Adelaide [SA] 20

3 Albany [WA] 26

4 Albury [NSW] 30

5 Alice Springs [NT] 32

6 Ariah Park [NSW] 34

7 Ballan [VIC] 36

8 Ballarat [VIC] 40

9 Barcaldine [QLd] 44

10 Barraba [NSW] 46

11 Bathurst [NSW] 48

12 Bendigo [VIC] 50

13 Blackhall [QLd] 54

14 Blinman [SA] 56

15 Boulder & Kalgoorlie [WA] 58

16 Bourke [NSW] 60

17 Bright [VIC] 62

18 Brisbane [QLd] 64

19 Broken Hill [NSW] 70

20 Broome [WA] 72

21 Burketown [QLd] 74

22 Cairns [QLd] 76

23 Canberra [ACT] 78

24 Castlemaine [VIC] 80

25 Charleville [QLd] 82

26 Charters Towers [QLd] 84

27 Chewton [VIC] 88

28 Colac otway Shire [VIC] 90

29 Collingwood [VIC] 92

30 Coonabarabran [NSW] 96

31 dangarsleigh [NSW] 98

32 darwin [NT] 100

33 dunkeld [VIC] 102

34 esperance [WA] 104

69 Narrogin [WA] 196

70 Nowra [NSW] 198

71 Nyngan [NSW] 200

72 Perth [WA] 202

73 Port Albert [VIC] 206

74 Port Augusta [SA] 208

75 Quandialla [NSW] 210

76 Quilpie [QLd] 212

77 Rockingham [WA] 214

78 Rushworth [VIC] 216

79 Streaky Bay [SA] 218

80 Sydney [NSW] 220

81 Tenterfield [NSW] 224

82 Texas [QLd] 226

83 Tumby Bay [SA] 228

84 ucolta [SA] 232

85 Victor Harbor [SA] 234

86 Villers-Bretonneux [FRANCe] 236

87 Wagga Wagga [NSW] 238

88 Walpeup [VIC] 240

89 Warra [QLd] 242

90 Warracknabeal [VIC] 244

91 Warrnambool [VIC] 246

92 Wedderburn [VIC] 248

93 Winton [QLd] 250

94 Wyalong [NSW] 252

95 Wyandra [QLd] 254

96 Wyndham [WA] 256

97 yacka [SA] 258

98 young [NSW] 260

99 ypres [BeLGIuM] 262

100 Zeehan [TAS] 264

Bibliography/Notes/Index 266

Map Ref:

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6 Remembrance

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100 years |100 Memorials |100 Australian Stories 7

The service was held at the conclusion to what had been amost remarkable day in the town that lives by the motto ‘NeverForget Australia’. A visit to the memorial and the village is apotent reminder of the horrors of the First World War and ofthe effort expended by the Allied Powers to halt the Germanadvance. The memorial bears the names of almost 11,000 Aus-tralian troops who lost their lives in France and Belgium dur-ing the First World War but, had no known grave.

Most of those names are similarly recorded on the ceno-taphs, columns, obelisks and honour boards, or at the feet ofthe memorial trees in avenues that were fashioned after thewar, as permanent reminders of the service and loss fromcommunities all over our fledgling nation.

As a country, Australia suffered a frightening casualty rate,with over 60,000 deaths from the almost 420,000 who served.That war is now three or more generations ago. It was ourgrandfathers or great-grandfathers who went away. In recentdecades there has been a marked resurgence of appreciationfor those who served then and for those who have served insubsequent wars and peace-keeping missions. More nameswere added to many memorials after the Second World War,joining those of their fathers and uncles.

For a while it seemed the annual services rememberingAnzac day were going out of fashion across Australia. In hissong And the Band Played Waltzing Matilda eric Bogle says: ‘Butas year follows year, more old men disappear. Someday no-one will march there at all.’

That prediction could not have been more wrong. dawn services and Anzac day parades have grown steadily:

as the last of the First World War veterans dwindled and dis-appeared, their descendants took their places. As the numberof Second World War veterans steadily declines, their familiesalso march in their stead.

They march to that place in their town or city that was setaside long ago, in some cases almost a century ago, to be theplace where public recognition of local loss and service wasavailable every day. These memorials tell our stories, if weonly care to give them more than a passing glance.

When did you last really look at one? did you recognise thefamily names of your neighbours, or realise that whole fam-ilies of fathers, sons and brothers are there, next to each otherin alphabetical order? That quietly organised order of thingsafter the horrendous noise and stink of war is the perfectplace for an examination of what was given by Australia as wecommemorate the centenary of the First World War.

With Remembrance, Chris Atkins, Julie Millowick and GeoffHocking offer a moving opportunity to hear some of those stories and to appreciate the initial and continuing impact ofthat war on us.

I hope the images make us pay more attention to the memorials we pass every day; that we might find time topause and reflect on the names thereon and the service thusrecognised.

Introduction by Derek Guille: Not long ago I had the honour of partici-pating in a private memorial service undertaken by members of the Melbourne Symphony orchestraat the Australian War Memorial just outside the French village of Villers-Bretonneux.

Radio broadcaster Derek Guille accompanied theMelbourne Symphony orchestra to cover their 2007european tour for the ABC.

Moved by a private memorial service attended bythe orchestra at Villers-Bretonneux, derek wrote ThePromise, a book for younger readers, published byone day Hill in 2013 and illustrated by Melbournestreet-artist Kaff-eine. The Promise: The Town That Never Forgets is the story

of Villers-Bretonneux and the promise by its citizens to always remember the Australian troopswho fought valiantly to defend and save their townduring the First World War.

Right: The first Anzac day march after the war. Australian and New Zealand troops parade throughthe streets of London, ‘eyes turn left’ to salute theBritish wartime prime minister david Lloyd George,edward VIII Prince of Wales and General Haig, amongother dignitaries and military high-rank.

The banners, which lined the streets, bear thenames of the various theatres of war in which theANZAC forces played an influential role, from AnzacCove to Villers-Bretonneux.AuTHoR’S CoLLeCTIoN

Opposite: Memorial at Sutton Grange, Victoria

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8 Remembrance

Above: Sculptor Peter Corlett’s bronze Cobbers at the Australian Memorial Park, Fromelles.

This was the first casting of Corlett’s bronze; a second stands in St Kilda Road, Melbourne, beside the roadway in front of the Shrine of Remembrance, which was unveiled in 2008.Photograph by Hubert Huchette, Mayor of Fromelles

Opposite: Visitors surround the tomb of the unknownsoldier in the Shrine of Remembrance, Melbourne.

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