Relationship Between the Relationship Between the Earth, Moon and SunEarth, Moon and Sun

Engage – Darkness at NightEngage – Darkness at Night

Read the following scenario and choose Read the following scenario and choose which friend you agree with. Be prepared which friend you agree with. Be prepared

to discuss your answer.to discuss your answer.

Night and DayNight and DayThe sun appears to move across the sky but it The sun appears to move across the sky but it

is actually the is actually the EARTHEARTH that’s turning. that’s turning.

The Earth The Earth ROTATESROTATES on its axis once every on its axis once every 24 24 hourshours causing day/night causing day/night..

Answer: Talia

The Moon also rotates on its axis.

MonthsMonthsThe moon travels around the Earth and takes The moon travels around the Earth and takes less than a month to complete its orbit.less than a month to complete its orbit.

The moon The moon REVOLVESREVOLVES around the Earth.around the Earth.

YearsYears

The Earth travels around the Sun and takes The Earth travels around the Sun and takes 365.25 days to complete its orbit.365.25 days to complete its orbit.

The Earth The Earth REVOLVESREVOLVES around the Sun.around the Sun.

THINK – PAIR - SHARETHINK – PAIR - SHARE

What is the difference between What is the difference between

rotationrotation and and revolutionrevolution??

Think to yourself and discuss your thoughts Think to yourself and discuss your thoughts with a partner.with a partner.

Let’s compare…Let’s compare…

Think – Pair – ShareThink – Pair – Share

Why do we have seasons on Earth?Why do we have seasons on Earth?

Think to yourself and discuss your thoughts Think to yourself and discuss your thoughts with a partner.with a partner.

What Causes Seasons?What Causes Seasons?The Earth's seasons are not caused by the The Earth's seasons are not caused by the differences in the distance from the Sun throughout differences in the distance from the Sun throughout the year (these differences are extremely small). the year (these differences are extremely small).

The seasons are the result of the tilt of the Earth's The seasons are the result of the tilt of the Earth's axis. Since the axis is tilted, different parts of the axis. Since the axis is tilted, different parts of the globe are oriented (pointed) towards the Sun at globe are oriented (pointed) towards the Sun at different times of the year. different times of the year.

What causes seasons?What causes seasons?

Summer is warmer than winter (in each Summer is warmer than winter (in each hemisphere) because the Sun's rays hit the hemisphere) because the Sun's rays hit the Earth at a more direct angle and the days Earth at a more direct angle and the days are much longer than the nights during the are much longer than the nights during the summer. summer.

During the winter, the Sun's rays hit the During the winter, the Sun's rays hit the Earth at an extreme angle, and the days are Earth at an extreme angle, and the days are very short.very short.

Directness of the Sun’s RaysDirectness of the Sun’s Rays

SeasonsSeasonsLabel the Seasons diagram in your foldable with the correct seasons for both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

SolsticesSolsticesSolstices occur when Earth's axis is pointed directly toward our Solstices occur when Earth's axis is pointed directly toward our Sun. This happens twice a year during Earth's orbit. Sun. This happens twice a year during Earth's orbit.

Summer Solstice— the first day of summerSummer Solstice— the first day of summerOccurs near June 21 in the Northern HemisphereOccurs near June 21 in the Northern Hemispherethe north pole is tilted the north pole is tilted towardtoward thethe Sun Sun the longest day of the yearthe longest day of the year

Winter Solstice— the first day of winterWinter Solstice— the first day of winterOccurs near December 21 in the Northern HemisphereOccurs near December 21 in the Northern Hemispherethe north pole is tilted the north pole is tilted away fromaway from thethe Sun Sun the shortest day of the yearthe shortest day of the year

When are the winter and summer solstices in the Southern When are the winter and summer solstices in the Southern Hemisphere?Hemisphere?

EquinoxesEquinoxesEquinoxesEquinoxes are days in which Earth’s axis is not pointed are days in which Earth’s axis is not pointed toward our Sun. Every location on our Earth (except the toward our Sun. Every location on our Earth (except the extreme poles) experiences 12 hours of daylight and extreme poles) experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. 12 hours of darkness.

Vernal Equinox— the first day of springVernal Equinox— the first day of springOccurs March 21 or 22 in the Northern HemisphereOccurs March 21 or 22 in the Northern Hemisphere

Autumnal Equinox— the first day of fallAutumnal Equinox— the first day of fallOccurs on September 22 or 23 in the Northern Occurs on September 22 or 23 in the Northern HemisphereHemisphere

When are the vernal and autumnal equinoxes in the When are the vernal and autumnal equinoxes in the Southern Hemisphere?Southern Hemisphere?

Going Through a PhaseGoing Through a Phase

Complete the Moon Phase probe.Complete the Moon Phase probe.

Read the thoughts of other students and explain Read the thoughts of other students and explain which student you agree with on the paper which student you agree with on the paper

provided. provided.

5 minutes5 minutes

Four CornersFour Corners

Around the room are the names of the students whose ideas were on the probe – “ Going Through a Phase”

Move to the student you agreed with and create a poster that describes your groups thinking.

As we begin to share thoughts, you will be given an opportunity to share.

Sofia’s Right!!!!!!!Sofia’s Right!!!!!!!

Here’s why!Here’s why!

Moon PhasesMoon Phases

Moon PhasesMoon Phases

The The revolutionrevolution of the Moon around the Earth of the Moon around the Earth makes the Moon appear as if it is changing makes the Moon appear as if it is changing shape in the sky. shape in the sky.

From Earth, we see the Moon grow from a thin From Earth, we see the Moon grow from a thin crescent to a full disk or full moon and then crescent to a full disk or full moon and then shrink back to a thin crescent again before shrink back to a thin crescent again before vanishing for a few days. vanishing for a few days.

Moon phases are grouped by either: Moon phases are grouped by either: waningwaning or or waxingwaxing..

New Moon - is not visible from Earth. The moon is between the Sun and the Earth. The dark side is facing us.

Waxing Crescent - waxing means that the bright side is increasing. The right side is the bright side.

First Quarter - the entire right side of the moon is illuminated. The moon looks like a half circle.

Waxing Gibbous - gibbous means that more than one half is visible, but it is not quite full

Waning Crescent - less than one half of the moon is illuminated. The moon will continue to become smaller and smaller.

Waning Gibbous - the moon appears more than half but not quite full. Waning means that the illuminated side is decreasing. The left side is the bright side.

Last Quarter - left half of the moon is illuminated. The illuminated side is decreasing.

Full Moon - the moon is full and bright. It looks like a large circle. The illuminated side is facing us.

How do I tell if a moon is WANING or WAXING?How do I tell if a moon is WANING or WAXING?Complete the Venn diagram.Complete the Venn diagram.

Waning Waxing

WANING or WAXING?WANING or WAXING?Complete the Venn diagram.Complete the Venn diagram.

Waning Waxing

Card Sort – Moon PhasesCard Sort – Moon Phases

With a partner, grab a set of Moon Phases With a partner, grab a set of Moon Phases cards and match the picture, name and cards and match the picture, name and

description of the phase.description of the phase.

Raise your hand for the teacher to check Raise your hand for the teacher to check your work when you are done.your work when you are done.

Reinforce: Label the Moon PhasesReinforce: Label the Moon Phases

TidesTides Tides are a change in the ocean water level, Tides are a change in the ocean water level,

typically reaching a high and low level twice a typically reaching a high and low level twice a day. day.

Tides result from the pull of gravity on Earth’s Tides result from the pull of gravity on Earth’s waters by the moon, sun and Earth itself. waters by the moon, sun and Earth itself.

The result of this tidal pull is a bulge in the ocean The result of this tidal pull is a bulge in the ocean water almost inline with the position of the moon; water almost inline with the position of the moon; one bulge toward the moon and one on the one bulge toward the moon and one on the opposite side of the earth, away from the moon.opposite side of the earth, away from the moon.

TidesTides

Spring TideSpring TideWhen the Earth, Moon and Sun are in line, When the Earth, Moon and Sun are in line, the combined effect of the Moon's and Sun's the combined effect of the Moon's and Sun's pull on Earth's water is at its greatest, pull on Earth's water is at its greatest, resulting in the greatest ranges between resulting in the greatest ranges between high and low tide. This called a "spring" tide high and low tide. This called a "spring" tide (from the water springing or rising up).(from the water springing or rising up).

Neap TideNeap Tide

When the earth, moon and sun are at right When the earth, moon and sun are at right angles to each other, the pull of the moon angles to each other, the pull of the moon and the pull of the sun partially cancel each and the pull of the sun partially cancel each other out. The resulting tide, called a "neap" other out. The resulting tide, called a "neap" tide, has the smallest range between high tide, has the smallest range between high and low tide.and low tide.