Regulation Inspection and Control- Fish Health

Scottish Aquaculture Industry - BackgroundMain Species Farmed• Atlantic salmon• Rainbow trout• Blue mussel• Pacific oyster

• Atlantic halibut, brown / sea trout, Arctic charr

• European oyster

Scottish Aquaculture Industry - Background• Salmon (freshwater) – 105 sites, 36.9 million smolts• Salmon (seawater) – 254 sites, 144,159 tonnes• Rainbow trout (freshwater) – 31sites, 4,145 tonnes • Rainbow trout (seawater) – 8 sites, 2,620 tonnes

• Other Species – 34 sites, 389.5 tonnes• Blue mussel – 59 businesses, 6,477 tonnes • Pacific oyster – 30 sites, 2.9 million• European oyster – 1 site, 490, 000

Scottish Aquaculture Legislation

• Aquaculture and Fisheries (Scotland) Act 2007– Control of parasites

– Control of escapes

– Improved record keeping

– Access to records by inspectors

– Powers of enforcement

PARASITE

Sea lice Regulation

Industry Requirements– Satisfactory measures – control

prevention and reduction

– Legislative requirements – ‘2008 Record Keeping Order’

– Industry Code of Good Practice

Industry Code of Good Practice– weekly counts 25 fish (5 fish from 5 cages)

– suggested trigger 0.5 (Feb-June) 1 (July-Jan) Ls adult female

– management agreements

– appropriate training – good practice in the use of medicinal

products

Sea lice regulation

Record Keeping – training – lice counts – administration of medicinal products – methods to control /treat parasites – sea lice management groups

Inspections and audits of fish farm sites– Inspection – sea lice & treatment records;

inspection of stock– Enhanced inspection – all records;

inspection of stock, checks of sea lice counting procedure; treatment, administration.

– Enforcement action

Containment Regulation

Industry Requirements• Satisfactory measures – contain fish, prevent

escapes and recover escaped fish

• Legislative requirements – ‘2008 Record Keeping Order’

• Industry Code of Good Practice

Industry Code of Good Practice• Equipment specification, installation

• to meet manufacturers advice

• Net inspection and testing

• Fish transfer and handling

• Actions to take following escape

• Boat operations

Containment regulation

Record Keeping• Specification of equipment and facilities

• Training – boat handling, transfer and handling fish

• Risk assessments – fish transfer and predation

• Contingency plans for escapes

• Flood prevention measures for inland water sites

• Record of severe weather events damaging equipment, action taken

Inspections of fish farm sites• Inspection – escape events? Inspection

to check site integrity

• Enhanced inspection - of all records; inspection for site integrity; escapes investigation; audit of procedures. Enforcement action

Scottish Aquaculture Legislation• Aquatic Animal Health (Scotland) Regulations 2009

– Implements Commission Directive 2006/88/EC

– Authorise and register businesses

– Attach conditions to the operation of authorised businesses• Record keeping• Biosecurity• Surveillance requirements – including risk based

– Notification and control of listed diseases

– Certification of trade – import and export

– Provision of a publicly available list of authorised businesses and sites.

VIRUS

Scottish Aquaculture Legislation

• Commission Regulation (EC)1251/2008– Implements Council Directive 2006/88/EC as regards conditions and

certification requirements for the placing on the market and the import into the Community of aquaculture animals and products thereof and laying down a list of vector species.

– Controls imports of fish from other member states and countries outside the EU

– Lays down the certification requirements for trade to other member states and countries outside the EU

BACTERIA

Status in Scotland, selected listed diseasesDisease Susceptible species Status

Epizootic Haematopoietic Necrosis

Rainbow trout Category I (disease free)

Infectious Salmon Anaemia

Salmonid sps. Category I, except targeted surveillance in SW SH, Cat IV

Infectious Haematopoietic Necrosis

Atlantic salmon, RTR Category I

Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia

Trout, herring etc. Category I

White spot disease Decapod crustaceans

National sampling strategy, III

OsHV-1 var, emerging

Pacific Oyster Cat II, Surveillance prog.

Bacterial Kidney Disease

Salmonid sps Cat V, infected. National controls.

Efficient Surveillance

Risk Based

Identify risk factors and understanding for disease emergence, introduction and spread

Critical interventions stopping disease transmission

Epidemiological control

• Dispersal models

• Risks to wild fish

• Defining aquaculture management areas for integrated disease control

Withdrawal of fish

• 3 to 6 weeks

Arrows are proportional to mean wind speed

Site descriptions:

Pink = suspectBlue = tested negativeOrange = PCR positivePurple = confirmed or sequenced

Epizootic investigation

• All live fish movements and other contacts over 12 months back from 2 January ‘09

• No movements of live fish for ongrowing outside South West Shetland containment area after mid June

• None outside Shetland• All movements investigated

and spread ruled out through inspection or testing

• Processing plants• Biosecure and effluent

disinfection• Supply of smolts from

freshwater– Negligible risk

5 km

+

ISA Negative

ISA Positive

Depopulated

Disease diagnosis and containment: Infectious Salmon Anaemia

Active Sea Water Fish Farms

Inactive Sea Water Fish Farms

COGP Managment Areas

Marine Scotland Managment Areas

Active Sea Water Fish Farms

Inactive Sea Water Fish Farms

COGP Managment Areas

Marine Scotland Managment Areas