30 March 2016

Regional Overview:

Disaster Context of SAARC Region

Asia and Pacific is the world’s most disaster-prone region

A person living in the region is 4 times at risk than those in Africa and 25 times than in Europe

or North America.

Economic Damage is rising!

•Asia-Pacific - Damage from disasters increased from $52 billion in the 1970s to over $523 billion in the last decade.

•Based on present trends, by 2030, annual losses in the region could average US$160 billion a year.

•Least developed countries and small island economies are disproportionally affected •Damage and loss, 2015 Nepal earthquakes: 33% of GDP Cyclone Pam in Vanuatu: 64% of GDP

Disasters in context of South Asia

1,032,658

458,484

377,428

64,337

6,513 0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

South and South-West Asia

East and North-East Asia

South-East Asia North and CentralAsia

Pacific

Asia-Pacific subregions

• South and South-West Asia accounted for 30% of the world’s deaths caused by disasters in the last 45 year

• Between 2 to 16 per cent of the GDP of different South Asian countries get wasted every year due to natural disasters

The subregion has the highest mortality risks and is second in Asia and the Pacific with regards to economic losses

incurred by disasters.

1970-2015

Regional Multi-hazard Estimated Risk Map (Cyclone, Earthquake, Floods and Landslides)

Source: OCHA

Dec 2014

South Asia: Hotspots of Disaster Risk

Disasters - having

transboundary

origins

disaster

hotspots

Disaster Assessment in South Asia

• Damage assessment has been in the practice because of the relief centric approach.

• Disaster impacts are often underestimated because we assess only physical damage (stocks) and not the indirect losses (flow).

• Damage and losses need to be assessed for recovery/reconstruction.

• Damage and loss assessment have been conducted only for few major disasters and that too with the support from donors and development partners.

• In most of the cases, at national level – only damage is assessed and loss not accounted for.

DDMA/ District Collectorate

SDMA/Revenue/DM Dept. of State Govt.

Disaster Damage Information Collection

for sector/sub sector as specified in SDRF/NDRF

Agriculture

Animal Husbandry

Housing

Fishing

Drinking Water Supply Works

Roads & Bridges

Irrigation

STATE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE (SEC)

Power

Health

Education

Infrastructure Public Properties ( owned by State/Center) Community Assets ( owned by Panchayats)

State level Departments/Directorates

Sections of District Collectorate/

Department offices of District

Circle/Block/Panchayat/Village level Revenue related

officials

Collection and Collation by Officials as per format prescribed in

SDRF/NDRF or their Ministries

Central Agencies with State Offices (IMD /RSAC etc)

Source : Manual on Administration of SDRF/NDRF, Ministry of Home Affairs, GoI, (revised -2013)

Disaster Damage and Needs Assessment

MEMORANDUM FOR ASSISTANCE: CENTRE,

DONORS

Current practices in South Asia

Rapid Assessment tools

DISASTER

The Govt . decides a Rapid Damage Needs Assessment

(0-72 hours of the Disaster)

Agreement on the Assessment Team

Government assigns responsibility to

Department/Agencies

Coordination discussion among the Assessment Team

Agreement is reached on the

conduct of the Rapid Damage Needs Assessment

1. Collect and/or validate the baseline data

2. Estimate damages and losses

3. Validate the information on damages and losses

4. Analyze the impacts of the damages and losses 5. Identify the recovery strategies and estimate

recovery and reconstruction needs

6. Draft the implementation plan of the identified programs and projects

7. Draft the post-disaster damages, losses and needs (PDNA) of the sector

Op

era

tio

nal

Ste

ps

Ass

ess

me

nt

Ste

ps

Methods for Disaster Assessment

Need to use innovative technologies

Damage Loss

Damage and loss both need to be accounted for

Damage assessment practice in Bangladesh

The standing orders on disasters (SOD) in Bangladesh included two ways of damage and need assessment SOS (within 24 hours of disaster event) D-Form (within two weeks of disaster event maximum by three weeks) Initially, both of these formats were manually filled in a time consuming manner, but with the development of the web based application, Damage Need Assessment (DNA), data could be conveniently entered and stored in a geocoded database for each administrative (Division, District, Upazila and Union) unit. DNA has provisions to collect and manage online damage and need information, amass images through cellular phones, and display damage and loss reports in the form of maps

Bangladesh: Damage and Needs Assessment Network

SAARC and ESCAP Partnership to develop innovative PDNA tools in support of South Asia Recovery

Framework

SAARC/IRP/GFDRR/UNDP

Expert Meeting

New Delhi, July 2014

SAARC PDNA

Expert Meeting and Group

Training Kandy, Oct 2014

ESCAP/SAARC

Expert Group Meeting and

Group Training

Dehra Dun,

Dec 2014

Peer Review

Workshop on RARR Bangkok

13-14 August 2015

12 12

ESCAP-SAARC bilateral meeting– 6th AMCDRR, June 2014

Concept Practices Tools Launch

Engagements with key stakeholders

ESCAP-SAARC Partnership for Manual of Rapid Assessment

How the process started?

1. The Manual is aimed to provide a step-by-step guide on conducting rapid assessments for some specific sectors.

2. The Manual would contribute towards the development of South Asia Recovery Framework by the SAARC.

1. The Manual is targeted to managers or practitioners from government agencies who often participates and supports rapid disaster needs assessment and responsible for post-disaster relief, response, recovery and reconstruct programmes.

2. It will be used for capacity building training.

1. It introduces how to capitalize upon the innovative technologies – space applications, geo-spatial databases and crowdsourcing for making disaster assessment faster, evidence-based and monitorable?

2. It also provides how to get access to data and tools?

3. The Manual introduces a new ways for damage and

loss assessment.

4. The Manual conducts feasibility study/pilot testing following 2015 Gorkha Nepal Earthquake PDNA

5. It’s based on good practices and take into account the experiences of practitioners.

Thank you

Sanjay K Srivastava

Chief, Disaster Risk Reduction Section

United Nations Economic and Social

Commission for Asia and the Pacific

Bangkok

srivastavas@un.org