23
225 References and Bibilography Abdel Haleem, M.A.S. (2004). The Qur’an:a new translation. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Abdullah, A.G.K., Alzaidiyeen, N.J., & Aldarabah, I.T. (2009). Workplace Spiri- tuality and Leadership Effectivenss among Educational Managers in Malaysia. European Journal of Social Sciences, 10(2), 304-316. Adair, J. (2003). Inspiring Leaders: Learning from Great Leaders. (1 st Indian edi- tion). New Delhi: Viva Books. Adhia, H., Nagendra, H.R., & Mahadevan, B. (2010). Impact of adoption of yoga way of life on the emotional intelligence of managers. IIMB Management Re- view (2010), 22, 32-41. Allport, G.W. (1961). Pattern and growth in personality. New York: Holt, Rhi- nehart and Winston. Andersen, J.A. (2006). Leadership, personality, and effectiveness. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 35, 1078-1091. Antonakis, J. (2003). Why "Emotional Intelligence" does not predict leadership effectiveness. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 11(4), 353-359. Antonakis, J., Avolio, B.J., & Sivasubramanium, N. (2003). Context, and leader- ship: an examination of the nine-factor full range leadership theory using multi- factor questionnaire. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(3), 261-295. Antonioni, D. (1998). Relationship between the big five personality factors and conflict management styles. International Journal of Conflict Management, 9(4), 336-355. Ardichvili, A., & Kuchinke, K.P. (2002). Leadership styles and cultural values among managers and subordinates: a comparative study of four countries of the former Soviet Union, Germany, and the US. Human Resource Development In- ternational, 5(1), 99-117. Armstrong, T.D. (1995). Exploring spirituality: the development of the Armstrong measure of spirituality . Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the Amer- ican Psychological Association, New York, NY. Arvey, R.D, Rotundo, M., Johnson, W., Zhang, Z., & McGue, M. (2006). The de- termination of leadership role occupancy: Genetic and Personality factors. The Leadership Quarterly, 17, 1-20. Avolio, B.J. (1999). Leadership in organisations (6 th edition).Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.

References and Bibilography - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/70235/10/references.pdf · 226 Avolio, B.J., & Bass, B.M. (1991). The full range

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

225

References and Bibilography

Abdel Haleem, M.A.S. (2004). The Qur’an:a new translation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Abdullah, A.G.K., Alzaidiyeen, N.J., & Aldarabah, I.T. (2009). Workplace Spiri-

tuality and Leadership Effectivenss among Educational Managers in Malaysia.

European Journal of Social Sciences, 10(2), 304-316.

Adair, J. (2003). Inspiring Leaders: Learning from Great Leaders. (1st Indian edi-

tion). New Delhi: Viva Books.

Adhia, H., Nagendra, H.R., & Mahadevan, B. (2010). Impact of adoption of yoga

way of life on the emotional intelligence of managers. IIMB Management Re-

view (2010), 22, 32-41.

Allport, G.W. (1961). Pattern and growth in personality. New York: Holt, Rhi-

nehart and Winston.

Andersen, J.A. (2006). Leadership, personality, and effectiveness. The Journal of

Socio-Economics, 35, 1078-1091.

Antonakis, J. (2003). Why "Emotional Intelligence" does not predict leadership effectiveness. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 11(4),

353-359.

Antonakis, J., Avolio, B.J., & Sivasubramanium, N. (2003). Context, and leader-ship: an examination of the nine-factor full range leadership theory using multi-

factor questionnaire. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(3), 261-295.

Antonioni, D. (1998). Relationship between the big five personality factors and conflict management styles. International Journal of Conflict Management,

9(4), 336-355.

Ardichvili, A., & Kuchinke, K.P. (2002). Leadership styles and cultural values

among managers and subordinates: a comparative study of four countries of the former Soviet Union, Germany, and the US. Human Resource Development In-

ternational, 5(1), 99-117.

Armstrong, T.D. (1995). Exploring spirituality: the development of the Armstrong measure of spirituality. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the Amer-

ican Psychological Association, New York, NY.

Arvey, R.D, Rotundo, M., Johnson, W., Zhang, Z., & McGue, M. (2006). The de-termination of leadership role occupancy: Genetic and Personality factors. The

Leadership Quarterly, 17, 1-20.

Avolio, B.J. (1999). Leadership in organisations (6th

edition).Upper Saddle River,

NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.

226

Avolio, B.J., & Bass, B.M. (1991).The full range leadership development pro-

grams: basic and advanced manuals. Binghampton, NY: Bass, Avolio and As-

sociates.

Avolio, B.J., Bass, B.M., & Jung, D.I. (1995). Multifactor leadership technical

report. Redwood City: Mind Garden.

Avolio, B.J., Bass, B.M., & Walumba, F. (2004). Multifactor leadership question-

naire-manual and sampler set (3rd

edition). Menlo Park: Mind Garden.

Awamleh, R., & Gardner, W.L. (1999). Perceptions of leader charisma and effec-

tiveness: the effects of vision content, delivery, and organisational effective-

ness. The Leadership Quarterly, 10, 345-373.

Ashton, M.C., Lee, K., & Paunonen, S.V. (1999). What is central feature of extra-version? social attention versus reward sensitivity. Journal of Personality, 83,

245-251.

Babur, Z.M. (2006). Babur Nama-Journal of Emperor Babur. New Delhi: Pen-guin.

Baliga, B.R., & Hunt, J.G. (1988). An organisational life cycle approach to

leadership.In J.G. Hunt, B.R.Baliga, H.P.Dachler & C.A.Schriesheim(Eds.),

Emerging leadership vistas: 129-149.

Balasubramanian, S. (2007). The art of business leadership-Indian

experiences.New Delhi:Sage Publications.

Bannerjee, P., & Krishnan, V.R. (2000). Ethical preferences of transformational

leaders: an empirical investigation. Leadership and Organization Development

Journal, 21(8), 405-413.

Barrick, M.R., & Mount, M.K. (1991). The big-five personality dimensions and

job performance: a meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 44, 1-26.

Bartone, P.T, Snook, S.A., & Tremble Jr., T.R. (2002). Cognitive and personality

predictors of leader performance in West Point cadets. Military Psychology, 14,

4, 321-338.

Bass, B.M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York:

Free Press.

Bass, B.M. (1988). Evolving perspectives on charismatic leadership.In J.A.Conger & R.N.Kanungo (Eds), Charismatic leadership: the elusive factor in organisa-

tional effectiveness (pp. 40-77). San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Bass, B.M. (1990). Bass & Stodgill’s handbook of leadership: theory, research,

and managerial applications (3rd edition). New York: Free Press.

Bass, B.M. (1997). Does the transactional-transformational leadership paradigm transcend organizational and national boundaries? American Psychologist,

52(2), 130-139.

227

Bass, B.M. (1999). Two decades of research and development in transformational

leadership. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(1), 9-

32.

Bass, B.M., & Avolio, B.J. (1993).Transformational leadership: A response to cri-

tiques. In M.M.Chemers & R. Ayman (Eds.), Leadership theory and research:

perspectives and directions (pp. 49-80). San Diego: Academic Press.

Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1993). Transformational leadership and organiza-

tional culture. Public Administration Quarterly, 17 (1), 112-121.

Bass, B.M., & Avolio, B.J. (1994). Improving organisational effectiveness

through transformational leadership. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Bass, B.M., & Avolio, B.J. (2011). MLQ trainers guide-training full range lead-

ership.New York: Mind Garden.

Bass, B.M., & Steidlmeir, P. (1999). Ethics, character and authentic transforma-

tional leadership behavior. The Leadership Quarterly, 10(2), 181-217.

Bass, B.M., Waldman, D.A., Avolio, B.J., & Bebb, M. (1987). Transformational

leadership and the falling dominoes effect. Group and Organisational Studies.

12, 75-87.

Bass, B.M., Avolio, B.J., Jung, D.I., & Berson, Y. (2003). Predicting unit per-

formance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of

Applied Psychology, 88, 2, 207-218.

Bennis, W.G. (1959). Leadership theory and administrative behaviour: the prob-

lem of authority. Administrative Science Quarterly, 4, 259-260.

Bennis, W., & Nanus, B. (1997). Leaders: strategies for taking charge (2nd

edi-tion).New York: Harper Row.

Bentz, V. J. (1985). A view from the top: a thirty-year perspective of research de-

voted to discovery, description, and prediction of executive behavior. Paper

presented at the 93rd

annual convention of American Psychological Associa-

tion, Los Angeles.

Bentz, V.J. (1987). Contextual richness as a criterion consideration in personality

research with executives. Paper presented at the 95th

Annual Convention of the

American Psychological Association, New York.

Bentz, V.J. (1990). Contextual issues in predicting high-level leadership perfor-

mance: Contextual richness as a criterion consideration in personality research with executives. In K.E. Clark and M.B.Clark (Eds.), Measures of leadership

(pp. 131-143). West Orange: Leadership Library of America.

Beugre, C.D., Acar,W., & Braun, W. (2006). Transformational leadership in or-

ganizations: an environment-induced model. International Journal of Man-

power, 27(1), 52-62.

228

Beyer, J.M. (1999). Taming and promoting charisma to change organisations. The

Leadership Quarterly, 10 (2), 307-330.

Bhal, K.T., Bharule, D., & Gautam, V. (2003). Leadership style of CEOs: a quali-tative assessment. Psychological Studies, 48(1).

Bhaumik, M. (2005). Code name god: the spiritual odyssey of a man of science

(1st edition). New Delhi: Penguin Books.

Bible, The. Authorised King James Version. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Biswas, S. (2009). HR practices as a mediator between organizational culture and

transformational leadership: implications for employee performance. Psycho-

logical Studies, 54,114-123.

Biswas, S.N., & Biswas, U.N. (2007). Spirituality, religiosity and work motiva-

tion. Psychological Studies, 52(1), 29-36.

Blake, R.R., & Mouton, J.S. (1964). The managerial grid. Houston, TX: Gulf.

Blake, R.R., & McCanse A.A. (1991). Leadership dilemmas-grid solutions. Hous-

ton, TX: Gulf.

Boal, K.B., & Bryson, J.M. (1988). Charismatic leadership: A phenomenological and structural approach. In J.G. Hunt, B.R. Baliga, H.P.Dachler, &

C.A.Schriesheim (Eds.), Emerging leadership vistas, pp. 11-28. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Bodla, M.A., & Nawaz, M.M. (2010). Comparative study of full range leadership

model among faculty members in public and private sector higher education in-stitutes and universities. International Journal of Business and Management,

5(4), 208-214.

Bono, J. E., & Judge, T. A. (2004). Personality and transformational and transac-

tional leadership: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89 (5), 901-

910.

Bose, P. (2003). Alexander the great’s art of strategy. New Delhi: Penguin.

Botwin, M.D. (1995). Review of revised NEO personality inventory.In

J.C.Conoley & J.C. Impara (Eds.), The twelfth mental measurements yearbook

(pp.862-863). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.

Bowden, A.O. (1926). A study of the personality of student leaders in the United

States. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 21, 149-160.

Bowers, D.G., & Seashore, S.E. (1966). Predicting organizational effectivenss

with a four-factor theory of leadership. Administrative Science Quarterly, 11

(1966), 238-263.

Boyatzis, R. E., & Skelly, F.R. (1991). The impact of changing values on organi-

zational life.In D.A.Kolb, I.M.Rubin, & J.Osland (Eds.), Organisational Beha-

vior Readings (5th edition). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

229

Bradely, J.P., Nicol, A.A.M., Charbonneau, D., & Meyer J.P. (2002). Personality

correlates of leadership development in Canadian forces officer candidates.

Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 34, 2, 92-103.

Braud, W. (2009). Dragons, spheres, and flashlights: appropriate research ap-

proaches for studying workplace spirituality. Journal of Management, Spiritu-

ality and Religion, 6(1), 59-75.

Bray, D.W., & Howard, A. (1983). The AT&T longitudinal studies of manag-

ers.In: K.W.Schaie (Ed.), Longitudinal studies of adult psychological develop-

ment (pp. 112-146).

Bray, D.W., Campbell, R.J., and Grant, D.L. (1974). Formative years in business:

a long-term AT&T study of managerial lives. New York: Wiley International.

Brown, F.W., & Moshavi, D.(2005). Transformational leadership and emotional

intelligence: a potential pathway for an increased understanding interpersonal influence. Journal of Organisational Behavior, 26, 867-871.

Brown, M.E. (2000). Personality correlates of leadership behaviors. Dissertation

Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 60 (12-B),

6402, US: Univ. Microfilms International.

Brown, M.E., & Trevino, L.K. (2006). Ethical Leadership: a review and future di-

rections. The Leadership Quarterly 17, 595-616.

Bryman, A. (1993). Charismatic leadership in business organizations: Some neg-

lected issues. The Leadership Quarterly, 4(3-4), 289-304.

Burns, J.M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper Row.

Burtt, E.A. (1955). The Teachings of the Compassionate Buddha. New York: Mentor Books.

Byrne, J.C. (2004). The role of emotional intelligence in predicting leadership and

related work behavior. Dissertation Abstract International Section A: Humani-

ties and Social Sciences, 65 (3-A), 1020. US: Univ. Microfilms International.

Caccioppe, R. (2000). Creating spirit at work: re-visioning organisation develop-ment and leadership-part 2. Leadership and Organisation Development Jour-

nal, 21, 2,110-119.

Caeser, J. (1982).The Conquest of Gaul. London: Penguin.

Campbell, D.P. (1991). Campbell Leadership Index Manual. Minneapolis: Na-

tional Computer Systems.

Cantor, N., & Mischel, W. (1979). Prototypes in person perception. In L. Berko-

witz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 3–52). New York:

Academic Press.

Capra, F. (1982). The Tao of Physics, (3rd

edition). London: Harper Collins Pub-lishers.

230

Cattell, R.B., Eber, H.W., & Tatsuoka, M.M. (1970). Handbook of sixteen per-

sonality questionnaire. Champaign: Institute for Personality and Ability Test-

ing.

Cavanagh, G.F.(1999). Spirituality for managers: context and critique. Journal of

Organizational Change Management, 12, 3, 186-199.

Cavazotte, F., Morena, V., & Hickman, M. (2012).Effects of leader intelligence,

personality and emotional intelligence on transformational leadership and ma-

nagerial performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 23, 443-455.

Chakraborty, S.K. (1987). Managerial effectiveness and quality of work life: In-

dian insights. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.

Chakraborty, S.K., & Chakraborty, D. (2008). Spirituality in management: means

or end. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.

Chan, K-Y., & Drasgow, F. (2001).Towards a theory of individual differences and

leadership: understanding the motivation to lead. Journal of Applied Psycholo-

gy, 86(3), 481-498.

Chan, K-Y., Rounds, J., & Drasgow, F. (2000). The relation between vocational

interests and the motivation to lead. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 57, 2,

226-245.

Chandler, A.D. (1977). The visible hand: the managerial revolution in Ameri-

ca.Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Charan, R., Drotter, S. & Noel, J. (2001). The leadership pipeline-how to build

the leadership powered company. San Francisco: CA Jossey-Bass.

Chatman, J.A., & Kennedy, J.A. (2010). Psychological Perspectives on Leader-ship. In N.Nohra & R.Khurana (Eds.), Handbook of Leadership Theory and

Practice. Boston, Harvard Business Press.

Chatterjee, A., & Krishnan, V.R. (2007). Impact of spirituality and political skills

on transformational leadership. Great Lakes Herald 1(1), 20-38.

Ciarrochi, J.V., Chan, A.Y.C & Caputi, P. (2000). A critical evaluation of the emotional intelligence construct. Personality and individual differences, 28,

539-561.

Clark, R.S. (2003). Leadership development: Continuous improvement through character assessment. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humani-

ties and Social Sciences, 64(4-A), 2003, 1160. US: Univ. Microfilms Interna-tional.

Cohen, W.A. (2010). Drucker on leadership-new lessons from the father of mod-

ern management.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.

Colbert, A.E., Judge, T., Choi, D. & Wang, G. (2012). Assessing the trait theory

of leadership using self and observer ratings of personality: The mediating role of contributions to group success. The Leadership Quarterly, 23, 670-685.

231

Conger, J.A. (1998). Qualitative research as the cornerstone methodology for un-

derstanding leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 9(1), 107-121.

Conger, J.A., & Kanungo, R.N. (1987). Towards a behavioural theory of charis-matic leadership in organisational settings. Academy of Management Review,

12, 637-647.

Connelly, M.S., Gilbert, J.A, Zaccaro, S.J Threlfall, K.V., Marks, M.A, & Mum-

ford, M.D. (2000). Exploring the relationship of leadership skills and know-

ledge to leader performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 11, 1, 65-86.

Cowley, W.H. (1931). Three distinctions in the study of leaders. Journal of Ab-

normal and Social Psychology, 26, 304-313.

Costa Jr., P.T., & McCrae, R.R. (1988). Personality in adulthood: a six year longi-tudinal study of self-reports and spouse ratings on the NEO Personality Inven-

tory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 853-863.

Costa Jr., P.T., & McCrae, R.R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory

(NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) Professional Manual.

Odessa, FL: PAR.

Costa Jr., P.T., & McCrae, R.R. (1997). Stability and change in personality as-

sessment: the revised NEO Personality Inventory in the year 2000. Journal of

Personality Assessment, 68(1), 86-94.

Cotterell, A., Lowe, R., & Shaw, I. (2009). Leadership-lessons from the ancient

world-how learning from the past can win you the future.New Delhi: Times Group Books.

Covey, S.M.R. (2006). The speed of trust. New York: Free Press.

D’Alessio, F.A. (2008). The influence of personality domains and working ex-

perience in Peruvian managers’ leadership style: an initial study. Journal of

Centrum Cathedra, 1, 1, 2008, 13-33.

Davis-Blake, A., & Peeffer, J. (1989). Just a mirage: the search for dispositional effects in organizational research. Academy of Management Review, 143, 3,

385-400.

Dean, K.L., Fornaciari, C.J., & McGee, J.J. (2003). Research in spirituality, relig-ion, and work: walking the thin line between relevance and legitimacy. Journal

of Organisational Change Management, 16 (4), 378-395.

Denhardt, J.V., & Campbell, K.B. (2006). The role of democratic values in trans-formational leadership. Administration and Society, 38(5), 556-572.

Dent, E., Higgins, M.E., & Wharff, D.M. (2005). Spirituality and leadership: an

empirical review of definitions, distinctions, and embedded assumptions. The

Leadership Quarterly, 16(5), 625-653.

232

Dhanens, V.C. (2000). The impact of personality and culture on participatory

leader behavior. Dissertation Abstracts International Section B: The Sciences

and Engineering, Vol 60 (12-B), 2000, 6403.

Dickson, M.W., Den Hartog, D.N, & Mitcelson, J.K. (2003). Research on leader-

ship in a cross-cultural context: making progress, and raising new questions.

The Leadership Quarterly, 14 (2003), 729–768.

Digman, J.M. (1989). Five robust trait dimensions: development, stability, and

utility. Journal of Personality, 57, 195-214.

Doyle, D. (1992). Have we looked beyond the physical and psychosocial? Journal

of Pain and Symptom Management, 7, 302-311.

Druksat, V.A. (1994). Gender and leadership style: transformational and transac-tional leadership in the Roman Catholic Church. The Leadership Quarterly,

5(2), 99-119.

Duchon, D. & Plowman, D.A. (2005). Nurturing the spirit at work: impact on work performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 16, 807-833.

Dutton, J.E, & Ashoford, S.J. (1993). Selling top issues to management.Strategic

Management Journal, 18(3), 397-428.

Eden, D. (1992). Leadership and expectations: Pygmalion effects and other self-

fulfilling prophecies in organizations. The Leadership Quarterly, 3(4), 271-305.

Elkins, D.N., Hedstrom, L.J., Hughes, L.L., Leaf, J.A., & Saunders, C. (1988).

Towards a humanistic-phenomenological spirituality: definition, description, and measurement. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 28, 5-18.

Ellison, D.N., Hedstrom, L.J., Leaf, J.A., & Saunders, C. (1988). Towards phe-

nomenological spirituality: definition, description, and measurement. Journal

of Humanistic Psychology, 28(4), 5-18.

Emmons, R.A. (1998). Assessing spirituality through personal goals: implications for research on religion and subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research,

45, 391-422.

Emmons, R.A., Cheung, C., & Tehrani, K. (1998). Assessing spirituality through personal goals: implications for research on religion and subjective well-being.

Social Indicators Research, 45, 391-422.

England, G.W., & Lee, R. (1974).The relationship between managerial values and managerial success in the United States, Japan, India, and Australia. Journal of

Applied Psychology, 59, 201-213.

Englebrecht, A.S., van Aswegen, A.S., & Theron, C.C. (2005). The effect of ethi-

cal values on transformational leadership and ethical climate in organizations.

South African Journal of Business Management, 36(2), 19-26.

233

Eysenck, H.J. (1967). The biological basis of personality. Springfield: Charles C

Thomas.

Eysenck, H.J., & Eysenck, S.G.B. (1975). Manual of Eysenck personality ques-tionnaire. San Diego, Educational and Testing Services.

Fairholm, G.W. (1998). Perspectives on leadership: from the science of leader-

ship to its spiritual heart .Westport, CT:Quorum Books.

Fairly, V. (1999). An empirical analysis of human typology and its relationship to

leadership effectiveness. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Hu-

manities and Social Sciences, 1999, Vol 59(9-A), 3548.

Felfe, J., & Schyns, B. (2006). Personality and the perception of transformational

leadership: the impact of extraversion, neuroticism, personal need for structure, and occupational self-efficacy. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 2006,

36(3), 708-739.

Feist, G.J. (1998). A meta-analysis of personality in scientific and artistic creativi-ty. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2, 290-309.

Fiedler, F. (1967). A theory of leadership effectiveness.New York: McGraw Hill.

Fleenor, J.W., McCauley, C.D., & Brutus, S. (1996). Self-other rater agreement and leader effectiveness. The Leadership Quarterly, 7(4), 487-506.

Friedman, H.S., Prince, L.M., Riggio, R.E., & DiMatteo, M.R. (1980). Under-

standing and assessing non-verbal expressiveness: the affective communication test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39,331-351.

Friedman, H.S., & Schustak, M.W. (2003). Personality: classic theories and mod-

ern research (2nd

edition).New Delhi: Pearson Education.

Fry, L. W. (2003).Towards a theory of spiritual leadership. The Leadership Quar-

terly, 14(6), 693-727.

Fry, L.W., Hannah, S.T., Noel, M. & Walumbwa, F.O. (2011). Impact of spiritual leadership on unit performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 22, 259-270.

Fuller, J.B., Patterson, C.E.P., Hester, K., & Stringer, D.Y. (1996). A quantitative

review of research on charismatic leadership. Psychological Reports, 78, 271-287.

Fulmer, R.M., Gibbs, P.A., & Goldsmith, M. (2000). Developing leaders: how

leading companies keep on winning. Sloan Management Review, Fall, 49-59.

Gabriel, Y., & Griffiths, D.S. (2002). Emotion, learning and organizing. The

Learning Organization, 9, 214-221.

Gardner, J.F. (1974). Leadership and the cult of personality. London: J.M.Dent &

Sons.

Gardner, W.L., & Avolio, B.J. (1998). The charismatic relationship: a dramatur-

gical perspective. Academy of Management Review, 23, 32-58.

234

Geh, E., & Tan, G. (2009). Spirituality at work in a changing world: managerial

and research implications .Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion,

6(4), 287-300.

George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide

and reference-11.0 update (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Gewertz, B.L. (2006).Emotional Intelligence-Impact on leadership capabilities.

Archives of Surgery, 141, 812-814.

Gibb, C.A. (1947). The principles and traits of leadership. Journal of Abnormal

and Social Psychology, 42, 267-284.

Gibbons, P.T. (1992). Impact of organizational evolution leadership roles and be-

haviors. Human Relations, 45, 1-18.

Gilkey, R., & Kilts, C. (2007). Cognitive Fitness. Harvard Business Review South

Asia, November 2007, 30-37.

Ginnet, R.C. (1996). Team effectiveness leadership model: identifying leverage

points for change. Proceedings of the 1996 National Leadership Institute Con-

ference .College Park, MD, National Leadership Institute.

Goffin, R.D., & Anderson, D.W. (2007). The self-rater’s personality and self-other disagreement in multi-source performance ratings-is disagreement

healthy? Journal of Management Psychology, 22, 3, 271-289.

Goldberg, J.E. (2004).The role of unconscious factors in small group leadership emergence: bridging experimental and psychodynamic theories of leadership.

Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences & Engineering. Vol 64(7-B), 2004, 3522. US: Univ.Microfilms International.

Goldberg, L.R. (1990). An alternative description of personality: the big-five fac-

tor structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 1216-1229.

Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. New York, NY: Bantam Books.

Goleman, D. (2004). What makes a Leader? Harvard Business Review, Jan 2004

(republication of HBR 1998 article).

Goleman, D., & Boyatzis, R., & Mckee, A. (2001). Primal leadership: the hidden driver of great performance. Harvard Business Review, Special issue December

2001, 42-51.

Graziano, W.G., & Eisenberg,, N.H. (1997). Agreeableness: A dimension of per-

sonality. In R.Hogan, J.Johnson, & S.Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of personality

psychology (pp.795-824). San Diego: Academic Press.

Graziano, W.G., & Jensen-Campbell, L.A. & Hair, E.C. (1996). Perceiving inter-

personal conflict and relating to it: the case for agreeableness. Journal of Per-

sonality and Social Pschology, 70, 820-835.

235

Hage, J. (1965). An axiomatic theory of organizations. Administrative Science

Quarterly, 10, 289-320.

Hall, T.W & Edwards, K.J.(1996). The initial development and factor analysis of the Spiritual Assessment Inventory. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 24,

233-246.

Harms, P.D., & Crede, M.(2010).Emotional intelligence and transformational and

transactional leadership-a meta analysis. Journal of Leadership & Organiza-

tional Studies, 17, 1, 5-17.

Harms, P.D., Spain, S.M., & Hannah, S.T. (2011). Leader development and the

dark side of personality. The Leadership Quarterly, 22, 495-509.

Hartman, L. (1999). A psychological analysis of leadership effectiveness. Strategy

and Leadership (Oct-Dec), 30-32.

Hartog, D.N.D., House, R.J., Hanges, P.J., Ruiz-Quintanilla, S.A., & Dorfman,

P.W. (1999).Culture specific and cross culturally generalizable implicit leader-ship theories: are attributes of charismatic/transformational leadership univer-

sally endorsed ? The Leadership Quarterly, 10(2), 219-256.

Hawley, J (1993). Reawakening the spirit in work: the power of dharmic man-

agement. (1st Indian reprint). New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill

Hayes,A.F.(2011).http://www.afhayes.com/spss-sas-and-mplus-macros-and-code.html. Retrieved on 1 December, 2011.

Heaton, D.P., Schmidt-Wilk, J., & Travis, F. (2004). Constructs, methods and

measures of researching spirituality in organizations. Journal of Organisa-

tional Change Management, 17(1), 62-82.

Heisengberg, W. (1963). Physics and philosophy. London:Allen & Unwin.

Hesselblain, F., & Goldsmith, M., & Beckard. (1996).The leader of the future.San

Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture’s consequences: international differences in work-

related values.Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Hofstede, G. (1993).Cultural constraints in management theories. The Academy of

Management Executive, 7(1), 81–94.

Hogan, R.T., Curphy, G.J., & Hogan, J. (1994). What do we know about personal-

ity: leadership and effectiveness? American Psychologist 49, 1994, 493-504.

House, R.J.(1977). A 1976 theory of charismatic leadership. In J.G. Hunt & L.L.

Pearson (Eds.), Leadership: the cutting edge (pp. 189-207). Carbondale:

Southern University Press.

House, R.J. (1999). Cultural influences in leadership and organisations: Project

GLOBE, Advances in Global Leadership, Vol.1 (pp.171-233). Greenwich ,CT: JAI Press Inc.

236

House R.J. & Aditya, R. (1997). The social scientific study of leadership: quo va-

dis? Journal of Management, 23, 409-474.

House, R.J., and Baetz, M.L. (1979). Leadership: Some empirical generalizations and new research directions.(pp. 341-423). In B. Staw (Ed.). Research in orga-

nizational behavior, Vol. 1. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

House, R.J., & Howell, J.M.(1992). Personality and charismatic leadership. The

Leadership Quarterly, 3(2), 81-108.

House, R.J, Shane, S.A., & Herold, D. M. (1996). Rumors of the death of disposi-

tional research are vastly exaggerated. Academy of Management-The Academy

of Management Review, 21,1,203-229.

House, R.J, Spangler, W.D., & Woycke, J. (1991). Personality and charisma in the U.S. Presidency: a psychological theory of leader effectiveness. Administrative

Science Quarterly, 36,364-396.

Howard, A., & Bray, D.W. (1990). Predictions of managerial success over long periods: lessons for the management progress study. In K.E.Clark and

M.B.Clark (Eds.), Measures of leadership (pp. 113-130). West Orange, N.J;

Leadership Library of America.

Howell, J. M. (1988). The two faces of charisma: socialized and personalized lea-

dership in organizations. In J. Conger & R. Kanungo (Eds.), Charismatic lea-

dership: the illusive factor in organizational effectiveness (pp. 213–236). San

Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Howell, J.M., & Avolio, B.J.(1992). The ethics of charismatic leadership: Sub-

mission or liberation? Academy of Management Executive,6(2), 43-54.

Huck, S.W. (2012). Reading Statistics and Research (p80). Boston, MA: Pearson Education Inc.

Hull, D.M., Beaujean, A.A., Worrel, F.C., & Verdisco, A.E. (2010). An item level

examination of the Factorial Validity of NEO Five Factor Inventory Scores.

Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(6), 1021–1041.

Hughes, R.L., Ginnet, R.C., & Curphy, G.J. (2009) Leadership-enhancing the les-

sons of experience .New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.

Hunt, J.G. (1999). Transformational/charismatic leadership’s transformation of

the field: a historical essay.The Leadership Quarterly, 10(2), 129-144.

Huy, Q.N. (2001). In praise of middle managers. Harvard Business Review, 79(8), 72-79.

Jeffrey, T. L. (1999). Personality and motivational predictors of military leader-

ship assessment in the United States Army Reserve Officer Training Corps.

Dissertation Abstracts International Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.

1999, Vol 60 (6-B), 3022.

237

Jenkins, W.O. (1947). A review of leadership studies with particular reference to

military problems. Psychological Bulletin, 44, 54-79.

Jitatmananda, S. (1986). Modern physics and vedanta.(1st edition).Bombay:

Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.

Jitatmananda, S. (1991). Holistic science and vedanta. (1st edition). Bombay:

Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.

John, O.P., & Srivastava, S. (1999).The big trait taxonomy: history, measurement,

and theoretical perspectives. In E. Pervin & O. John (Eds.), Handbook of Per-

sonality (pp. 102-138). New York: Guilford Press.

Judge, T.A. & Bono, J.E. (2000). Five-factor model of personality and transfor-

mational leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85 (5), 751-765.

Judge, T.A., & Piccoloo, R.F. (2004).Transformational and transactional leader-ship: a meta analytic test of their relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychol-

ogy, 89(5), 755-768.

Judge, T.A , Bono, J.E, Ilies, R., & Gerhardt, M.W.( 2002). Personality and lead-

ership: A qualitative and quantitative review. Journal of Applied Psychol-

ogy,87(4), 765-780.

Judge, T.A., Erez, A., Bono,J.E., & Thoresen,C. (2002). Discriminant and incre-

mental validity of four personality traits: are measures of self-esteem, neuroti-cism, locus of control, and generalised self-efficacy indicators of a common

core construct? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 693-710.

Jung, D. I., & Avolio, B. J. (1999). Effects of leadership style and followers’ cul-tural orientation on performance in group and individual task conditions. Acad-

emy of Management Journal, 42(2), 208–218.

Jung, D.T., Chow, C., & Wu, A. (2003). The role of transformational leadership in

enhancing organisational innovation: hypotheses and some preliminary find-

ings. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(4-5), 525-544.

Kachik, C.J. (2004). The five-factor model and Holland's theory:community col-

lege and corporate leaders (John Holland). Dissertation Abstracts International

Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. Vol.65(1-A) 2004, 35. US: Univ.

Microfilms International.

Kanungo, R.N., & Mendonca, M. (1996). Ethical dimensions in leadership. Be-verley Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

Kalma, A.P., Visser, L., & Peeters, A. (1993). Sociable and aggressive domin-

ance: personality differences in leadership style? The Leadership Quality, 4(3),

45-64.

Kass, J.D., Friedman, R., Leserman, J., Zuttermeister, P.C., & Benson, H. (1991).

Health outcomes and a new index of spiritual experience. Journal of the Scien-

tific Study of Religion, 30 (2), 203-211.

238

Katz, D., & Kahn, R.L. (1960). Leadership practices in relation to productivity

and morale.In D.Cartwright & Z.Zander (Eds.), Group Dynamics (pp. 554-

570). Evanston, IL: Harper and Row.

Kellett, J.B., Humphrey, R.H., & Sleeth, R.G. (2006). Empathy and the emer-

gence of task and relations leaders. The Leadership Quarterly, 17, 146-162.

Khan, M.M., Ramzan, M., Ahmed, I., & Nawaz, M.M. (2011). Transformational,

transactional, and laissez-faire styles of teaching faculty as predictors of satis-

faction, and extra effort among students: evidence from higher education insti-

tuitions. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business, 1, 4, 2011, 130-

135.

Kickul, J., & Neuman, G. (2000). Emergent leadership behaviors: the function of

personality and cognitive ability in determining and team work performances

and knowledge, skills and attitudes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 15, 1,

27-51.

Kirkpatrick, S.A., & Locke, E.A.(1991). Leadership: do traits matter? Academy of

Management Executive, 5, 48-60.

Knoblauch, D.L., & Falconer, J.A. (1986). The relationship of a measured taoist

orientation to western personality dimensions. Journal of Transpersonal Psy-

chology, 18(1), 73-83.

Kohs, S.C., & Irle, K.W. (1920). Prophesizing army promotion. Journal of Ap-

plied Psychology, 4, 73-87.

Kornor, H., & Nordvik, H. (2004). Personality traits in leadership behavior. Scan-

dinavian Journal of Psychology, 45, 1, 49-54.

Kotter, J.P. (1988). The leadership factor. New York: Free Press.

Krishnakumar, S., & Neck, C.P. (2002). The what, why and how of spirituality in

the workplace. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 17(3), 153-164.

Krishaswamy, K.N., Sivakumar, A.I., & Mathirajan, N. (2006). Management re-

search methodology-integration of principles, methods and techniques. New

Delhi: Pearson Education.

Kwong, J.Y.Y., & Cheung, F.M. (2003). Prediction of performance facets using specific personality traits in the Chinese context. Journal of Vocational Beha-

vior, 63, 1, 99-110.

Lewin, K., Lippit, R., & White, R.K. (1939). Patterns of aggressive behaviour in experimentally created social climates. Journal of Social Psychology, 10

(1939), 271-299.

Lindley, L.D., & Borgen, F.H. (2000). Personal style scales of Strong Interest In-

ventory: linking personality and interests. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 57,

1, 22-41.

239

Llies, R, Gerhard, M.W., & Le, H. (2004). Individual differences in leadership

emergence: integrating meta-analytic findings and behavioral genetics esti-

mates. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 12, 3, 207-219.

Lohrmeyer, R.L. (2001). The relationships between personality types and leader-

ship styles of Idaho certified professional-technical educators. Dissertation Ab-

stracts International, Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences, 2001, Vol 61

(11-A), 4356.

Lord, R.G., DeVader, C.L., & Alliger, G.M. (1986). A meta-analysis of the rela-

tion between personality traits and leadership perceptions: an application of

generalizations procedures. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 402-410.

Lowe, K.B., Kroeck, K.G., & Sivasubramanium, N. (1996). Effectiveness corre-

lates of transformational and transactional leadership: a meta analytic review of

MLQ literature. The Leadership Quarterly, 7(3), 385-425.

Luthans, F. (2008). Organisational behavior (11th edition). New York: McGraw

Hill.

Lyons, J.B., & Schneider, T.R. (2009). The effects of leadership styles on stress

outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 20 (2009) 737-748.

Maccoly, M. (2004). Narcissistic leaders-the incredible pros, the inevitable cons.

Harvard Business Review, Jan 2004, 92-101.

MacDonald, D.A. (2000).Spirituality: description, measurement and relation to

five factor model of personality. Journal of Personality, 68,153-197.

Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. (1967). The Bhagavad-Gita: a new translation and

commentary on chapters 1-6. London: Penguin Books.

Malhotra, N.K. (2007). Marketing research-an applied orientation (5th edition).

New Delhi: Pearson Education.

Mandell, B., & Pherwani, S. (2003). Relationship between emotional intelliegence

and transformational leadership: a gender comparision. Journal of Business

Psychology, 17, 3, 387-404.

Manikutty, S., & Singh, S.P. (2010). Essence of leadership-explorations from lit-

erature.NewDelhi: Macmillan Publishers.

Mann, R.D. (1959). A review of the relationship between personality and perfor-mance in small groups. Psychological Bulletin, 56, 241-270.

Mardia, K.V. (1996). The scientific foundations of Jainism (2nd revised edition).

New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass.

McClelland, D.C. (1975). Power: the inner experience. New York: Irvington.

McClelland D.C., & Burnham, D.H. (2003) Power is the great motivator. Harvard

Business Review, Jan 2003 (republication of HBR 1976 article).

240

McCormick, D W. (1994). Spirituality and management. Journal of Managerial

Psychology, 9, 6, 5-9.

McCormack, L., & Mellor, D. (2002). The role of personality in leadership: an application of the five-factor model in the Australian Military. Military Psy-

chology, 14, 3, 179-199.

McCrae, R.R. (1994). Openness to experience: expanding the boundaries of factor

V.European Journal of Personality, 8,251-272.

McCrae, R.R. (1996). Social consequences of experiential openness. Psychologi-

cal Bulletin, 120, 323-337.

McCrae, R.R, & Costa Jr., P.T. (1989). Rotation to maximize the construct

validity of factors in the NEO Personality Inventory.Multivariate Behavioral

Research 24,107-124.

McCrae, R. R., & Costa Jr., P. T. (1992). Discriminant validity of NEO PI-R facet

scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 52, 229-237.

McCrae, R.R, & Costa Jr., P.T. (1997). Conceptions and correlates of openness to

experience. In R.Hogan, J.A. Johnson & S.R. Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of per-

sonality psychology (pp.825-847). San Diego: Academic Press.

McCrae, R.R., & John, O.P. (1992). An introduction to the five factor model and

its applications. Journal of Personality, 60(2), 175-215.

McCulloch, A.S. (2006). Spirituality in business: an exploration into three exem-

plar for-profit organisations using qualitative and quatitative meas-

ures.Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Palo Alto, CA: Institute of Transper-sonal Psychology.

Mehra, P., & Krishnan, V.R. (2003). Impact of svadharma-orientation on trans-

formational leadership and followers’ trust in the leader. Journal of Indian

Psychology, 23(1), 2005, 1-11.

Menon, A. & Krishnan, V.R. (2004).Transformational leadership and follower’s karma yoga: role of follower’s gender. Journal of Indian Psychology, 22(2),

50-62.

Merton, R.K. (1957). Social theory and social structure. New York: Free Press.

Mills, L.B.(2009). A meta-analysis of the relationship between emotional intelli-gence and leadership effectiveness. Journal of Curriculum and Instruction, 3,

2, 22-38.

Mintzberg, H. (2009). Managing. Harlow: Pearson Publishing.

Mitroff, I.I., & Denton, E.A.(1999). A spiritual audit of corporate America: A

hard look at spirituality, religion, and values in the workplace. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

241

Mookerji, R.K. (1970). Men and thought in ancient India (3rd edition). New Delhi:

Motilal Banarasidass.

Morgan, C.T., King, R.A., Weisz, J.R., & Schopler, J. (1986). Introduction to psychology (7th edition). New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.

Motowidlo, S.J., & van Scotter, J.R. (1994). Evidence that task performance

should be distinguished from contextual performance. Journal of Applied Psy-

chology.79 (4), 475-480.

Mumford, M.D., Zaccaro, S.J., Harding, F.D., Jacobs, T.O., & Fleishman, E.A.

Leadership skills for a changing world. The Leadership Quarterly, 11(1), 11-

35.

Munaf, S.(2011).Relationship of transformational , transactional and passive-avoidant management style with achievement motivation of teaching faculties

of selected educational institutions of Pakistan. International Proceedings of

Economic Development and Research, 3, 2011, 93-96.

Murensky, C.L. (2000). The relationships between emotional intelligence, perso-

nality, critical thinking ability, and organizational leadership performance at

upper levels of management. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B:

The Sciences & Engineering Vol 61 (2-B), 1121.

Najar, M.J. (2000). Personality and power: interacting to enhance leadership ef-

fectiveness. Dissertation Abstracts International Section B:The Sciences and

Engineering,2000, Vol 60 (9-B), 4965.

Narayana, G. (2000). Transformation to transcendence: breakthrough ideas for

leadership in the new millennium.Ahmedabad: Ahmedabad Management As-sociation.

Narayanan, J., & Krishnan,V.R. (2003) . Impact of Sattva and Rajas Gunas on

Transformational Leadership and Karma Yoga. Journal of Indian Psychology,

21(2),1-11.

Neck, C. P., & Milliman, J. F. (1994). Thought self-leadership: Finding spiritual

fulfillment in organizational life. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 9, 6, 9-

17.

Nohria, N., & Khurana, R. (2010). Handbook of leadership theory and practice. Boston: HBS Publishing.

Northouse, P.G. (1997). Leadership: theory and practice. London, New Delhi:

Sage Publications

Northouse, P.G. (2007). Leadership: Theory and practice. New Delhi: Sage Pub-

lications.

O'Collins, G., & Farrungia, E.G. (1991). A concise dictionary of theology. New

York: Paulist Press.

242

Olsen, O. K., Eid, J., & Johnsen, B.H. (2006). Moral behavior and transformation-

al leadership in Norwgian naval cadets. Military Psychology, 18(supplement),

S37-S56.

Ozer, D.J., & Benet-Martinez,V.B. (2006). Personality and the prediction of con-

sequential outcomes. Annual Review of Psychology 57,401-421.

Pagonis, W.G. (2001). Leadership in combat zone. Harvard Business Review,

Special issue December 2001, 107-116.

Paragament, K.I. (1990). God help me: religious coping efforts as predictors of

outcomes to significant negative life events. American Journal of Community

Psychology, 18, 793-824.

Pargament, K.I.(1997). The psychology of religion and coping. New York: Guil-ford Press.

Paunonen, S.V., & Ashton, M.C. (2001). Big five factors and facets and the pre-

diction of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 3, 524-539.

Pawar, B.S., & Eastman, K.K. (1997). The nature and implications of contextual

influences on transformational leadership: a conceptual examination. Academy

of Management Review 22(1), 80-109.

Peterson, R.S., Smith, D.B., Martorana, P.V., & Owens, P.D. (2003). The impact of Chief Executive Officer personality on top management team dynamics: one

mechanism by which leadership affects organizational performance. Journal of

Applied Psychology, 88, 5, 795-808.

Phillips, J. S., & Lord, R. G. (1981). Causal attributions and perceptions of leader-

ship.Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 28, 58-83.

Piedmont, R.L (1999). Does spirituality represent the sixth factor of personality?

spiritual transcendence and the five factor model. Journal of Personality,

67(6), 985-1013.

Peidmont, R.L. (2001). Spiritual transcendence and the scientific study of spiritu-

ality.Journal of Rehabilitation, 67, 4-14.

Peidmont, R.L. (2004).Spiritual transcendence as a predictor of psychosocial out-come from an outpatient substance abuse program. Psychology of Addictive

Behaviours, 18, 3, 213-222.

Peidmont, R.L., & Leach, M.M. (2002). Cross-cultural generalizabilty of the spiri-tual transcendence scale in India: spirituality as a universal aspect of human

experience. American Behavioral Scientist, 45(12), 1888-1901.

Peidmont, R.L. (2010). ASPIRES- Assessment of Spirituality and Religious Senti-

ments -Technical Manual (2nd

Edn.). Timonium,MD.Published by author.

Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., Moorman, R.H., & Fetter, R. (1990). Trans-formational leaders’ behaviors and their effect on follower’s trust in leader, sa-

243

tisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior. The Leadership Quarterly,

1(2), 107-142.

Prati, L.M., Douglas, C., Ferris G.R., Ammeter, A.P., & Buckly, M.R. (2003).The role of emotional intelligence in team leadership: reply to the critique by Anto-

nakis. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis,11,4, 363-369.

Pruzan, P., & Mikkelsen, K.P.(2007). Leading with wisdom: spiritual-based lead-

ership in business (1st edition). New Delhi: Sage Publications.

Radhakrishnan, S. (1958). The Bhagavadgita. London: George Allen and Unwin.

Reave, L. (2005). Spiritual values and practices related to leadership effective-ness. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(2005), 655-687.

Reed, P.G. (1987). Spirituality and well-being in terminally ill and hospitalized

adults. Research in Nursing and Health, 10, 335-344.

Roach, C.F., & Behling, O. (1984). Functionalism: basis for an alternate approach to the study of leadership. In J.G.Hunt & D.M Hosking (Eds.), Leaders and

managers: international perspectives on managerial behavior and leadership.

New York, Pergamon Press.

Roebuck, V.J. (2000). The Upanishads (1st edition). New Delhi: Penguin Books.

Rosch, E. (1978). Principles of categorization. In E. Rosch & B. B. Lloyd (Eds.), Cognition and categorization (pp. 27–48). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Ross, S.M., & Offerman, L.R. (1991). Transformational leader: measurement of

personality attributes and work group performance. Paper presented at the sixth annual conference of the Society for Industrial and Organisational Psy-

chology, St. Louis.

Rotter, J. (1966). Generalised expectancies for internal versus external control of

reinforcement. Psychological Monographs, 80(1), 1-28.

Rubin, R.S., Bartels, L.K., & Bommer, W.H. (2002). Are Leaders smarter or do they just seem that way? exploring perceived intellectual competence and lea-

dership emergence. Social Behavior and Personality, 30, 2, 105-118.

Rubin, R.S., Munz, D.C., & Bommer, W.H. (2005).Leading from within: the ef-fects of the emotion recognition and personality on transformational leadership.

Academy of Management Journal, 48(5) 845-858.

Sanchez, S.A. (2004). The relationship among motivation to lead, cognitive abili-

ty, and personality. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities

and Social Sciences. Vol 64(7-A) 2004, 2566. US: Univ. Microfilms Interna-

tional.

Sashkin, M. (1988). The visionary leader. In J.A. Conger & R.N.Kanungo(Eds.), Charismatic leadership (pp.122-160). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Sattar, A. (1996). The Ramayana of Valmiki. New Delhi, Viking.

244

Shafranske, E.P., & Gorusch, R.L. Factors associated with the perception of spiri-

tuality in psychotherapy. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 16, 231-241.

Shamir, B., Arthur, M.B., & House, R.J. (1993).The motivational effects of char-ismatic leadership: a self-concept based theory. Organisation Science, 4, 577-

594.

Shamir, B., Arthur, M.B., & House, R.J.( 1994). The rhetoric of charismatic lead-

ership: a theoretical extension, case study and implications for research. The

Leadership Quarterly, 5(1),24-42.

Sharma, G.D. (2008). Excellence in management. New Delhi: Rupa

Shao, L., & Webber, S. (2006). A cross cultural test of the five factor model of

personality and transformational leadership. Journal of Business Research, 59,

936-944.

Silverthorne, C. (2001). Leadership effectiveness and personality: a cross cultural

evaluation. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 2, 303-309.

Simons, T.L. (1999). Behavioral integrity as a critical ingredient for transforma-

tional leadership. Journal of Organisational Change Management,12(2),89-

104.

Simonton, D.K. (1994).Greatness:Who makes history and why. New York: Guil-

ford.

Singer, M.S., & Singer, A.E. (1990). Situational constraints on transformational versus transactional leadership behaviour, subordinates’ leadership preference

and satisfaction. Journal of Social Psychology, 130, 385-396.

Singh, P & Bhandarkar, A. (1990/2004). Corporate success and transformational

leadership.New Delhi, New Age Publishers.

Singh, N., & Krishnan, V.R. (2007). Transformational leadership in india: devel-

oping and validating a new scale using grounded theory approach. Interna-

tional Journal of Cross-Cultural Management, 7(2), 219-236.

Singh, N., & Krishnan, V.R. (2008). Self-sacrifice and transformational leader-ship: mediating role of altruism. Leadership and Organization Development

Journal 29(3), 261-274.

Smith, W.M.(2004). A comparative analysis of selected pastors' personality pro-files and their conflict management styles. DissertationAbstracts International

Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. Vol 65(2-A) 2004, 554. US: Univ. Microfilms International.

Smith, M.A., & Conger, J. M. (2004). Effects of supervisor big - five personality

on subordinate attitudes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 18, 4, 465-481.

Soroglou, V., & Munoz-Garcia, A. (2008). Individual differences in religion and

spirituality: An issue of personality traits and/or values. Journal for the Scien-

tific Study of Religion, 47(1), 83-101.

245

Sosik, J.J., & Jung, D.I. (2010). Full range leadership development-pathways for

people, profit and planet. New York, NY: Routledge.

Sosik, J.J., Godshalk, V.M., & Yamamarino, F.J. (2004). Transformational leader-ship, learning goal orientation, and expectations for career success in mentor-

protégé relationships : a multiple level of analysis perspective. The Leadership

Quarterly, 15(2), 241-261.

Sosik, J.J., Kahai, S.S., & Avolio, B.J.(1998).Transformational leadership and di-

mensions of creativity : Motivating idea generation in computer mediated

groups. Creativity Research Journal, 11,111-121.

Sparks, C-P. (1990). Testing for management potential. In K.E. Clark and M.B.

Clark (Eds.), Measures of leadership. West Orange, NJ: Library of America

Spencer, S.M, Rajah,T., Narayan,S.A., Mohan,S., & Lahiri,G. (2007). The Indian

CEO-Portait of excellence.New Delhi: Response Books.

Srivastava, K.B.L., & Bharamanaikar, S.R.( 2004).Emotional intelligence and ef-fective leadership behavior. Psychological Studies 49(2-3), 107-113.

Stanczak, G.C., and Miller, D.E. (2002).Engaged spirituality: spiritual and social

transformation in mainstream American traditions; Report Supplement. Los

Angeles: The University of Southern California Centre for Religion and Civic

Culture.

Stewart, M-L. (2001). Personality predictors of emergent leadership. Dissertation

Abstracts International Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 2001, Vol 62

(4-B), 2045.

Stodgill, R.M. (1948). Personal factors associated with leadership: a survey of

leadership. Journal of Psychology 25, 35-71.

Stodgill, R.M. (1963).Manual for the Leadership Behavior Description Question-

naire-Form XII.Columbus,OH :Bureau of Business Research,Ohio State Uni-

versity.

Stodgill, R.M. (1974). Handbook of leadership: a survey of theory and research.

New York: Free Press.

Strang, S.E., & Kuhnert, K.W. (2009). Personality and leadership developmental levels as predictors of leader performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 20, 421-

433.

Tejeda, T.J., Scandura, T.A., & Pillai, R. (2001). The MLQ revisited: psychome-tric properties and recommendations. The Leadership Quarterly, 12(1), 31-52.

Terman, L.M. (1904). A preliminary study in the psychology and pedagogy of

leadership. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 11, 413-451.

Tellegen, A., Lykken, D.T., Bouchard Jr., T.J., Wilcox, K.J., & Rich,S. (1998).

Personality Similarity in Twins Reared Apart and Together. Journal of Perso-

nality and Social Psychology, 54, 6, 1031-1039.

246

Tichy, N., & Devanna, M. (1986). Transformational leadership. New York: Wi-

ley.

Tierney, P., Farmer,S.M., & Graen.G.B. (1999). An examination of leadership and employee creativity: the relevance of traits and relationships. Personal Psy-

chology, 52, 3, 591-620.

Tori, C., Nauriyal, D.K., & Bhalla, S.(2006). Emotional intelligence:a defining

parameter of professional success. Psychological Studies,51(4),245-260.

Tupes, E.C., & Christal, R.E. (1961). Recurrent personality factors based on trait

ratings. Tech Rep ASD TR 61-97. Texas: Lackland Airforce Base.

Turner, N., Barling, J., Epitropaki, O., Butcher, V., & Milner, C. (2002). Trans-

formational leadership and moral reasoning. Journal of Applied Psychology,

87(2), 304-311.

Uyterhoeven, H. (1972).General Managers in the middle. Harvard Business Re-

view, 67(5), 136-145.

Vaughan, F (1991). Spiritual issues in psychotherapy. Journal of Transpersonal

Psychology, 23, 105-119.

Villa, J.R., Howell, J.P., Dorfman, P.W., & Daniel, D.L. (2003). Problems with detecting moderators in leadership research using multiple moderated regres-

sion. The Leadership Quarterly, 14,3-23.

Watson, D., & Clarke, L.A. (1997). Extraversion and its positive emotional core.In R.Hogan, J.A.Johnson, & S.R.Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of personality

psychology .San Diego : Academic Press.

Welch, M.R., & Barrish, J. (1982). Bringing religious motivation back in: a multi-variate analysis of motivational predictors of student religiosity. Review of Re-

ligious Research, 23, 357-369.

Whitmore, J. (2002). Coaching for performance: growing people, performance,

and purpose. London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.

Wiggins, J.S. (1996). The five-factor model of personality: theoretical perspec-

tives New York: Guilford Press.

Wikipedia. (2008). Article on personality psychology.Retrieved on 12 Dec. 08

from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality_psychology

Wikipedia. (2012). Article on Spirit. Retrieved on 2 October 2012 from

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/spirit

Wrzesviewski, A., McCauley, C., Rozin, P., & Schwartz, B. (1997). Jobs, careers

and callings: peoples relations to their work. Journal of Research in Personali-

ty, 31, 21-33.

247

Yamamarino, F.J., Spangler, W.D., & Bass, B.M. ( 1993). Transformational lead-

ership and performance; A longitudinal investigation. The Leadership Quar-

terly, 4(1), 81-102.

Yang, C-W. (2008).The relationship among leadership styles, entrepreneurial ori-

entation, and business performance. Managing Global Transitions 6(3), 257-

275.

Yukl, G. (1999). An evaluation of the conceptual weaknesses of transcforma-

tionla and charismatic leadership theories. The Leadership Quarterly 10(2),

285-305.

Yukl, G. (2006). Leadership in Organisations (6th edition). New Delhi: Pearson

Education.

Zaccaro, S.J., Foti, R.J., & Kenny, D.A. (1991). Self-monitoring and trait tested

variance in leadership: an investigation of leader flexibility across multiple group situations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76, 308-315.

Zacharatosa, A., Barling, J., & Kelloway, K. (2000). Development and effects of

transformation leadership in adolescents. The Leadership Quarterly, 11(2),

211-226.

Zinnbauer, B.J., Pargament, K.I., & Scott, A.B. (1999).The emerging meaning of

religiousness and spirituality: problems and prospects. Journal of Personal-

ity,67(6), 889-917.

Zuckerman, M. (1979). Sensation seeking: beyond the optimal level of arousal. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Websites

http://www.clearlycultural.com/geert-hofstede-cultural-dimensions/power-distance-

index/ accessed on 10 April 2009.