Upload
rahma-nilasari
View
72
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
j
Citation preview
Nama : Rahma Nilasari Stambuk : 09 777 033
Rahma Nilasari09 777 033
Supervisor: dr. Sri Sikspiriani, Sp. OT
PRIMERY BONE TUMORSReferatChapter IIntroduction
The tumor is an abnormal lump in the body, that can be neoplastic and non-neoplastic. Neoplastic tumor is a mass or a new network formed in the body, has a different shape and nature of the tissue of origin or real.Nomenclature of tumorsNo.ClassificationExamples1,ClinicsTopographic (organ or tissue)Mammae tumor, liver tumor, pulmonary tumor, lymph nodes tumorNature (behavior )Benign tumor of skin and malignant tumor of mammae2.PathologyHistopathologicalAdenocarcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, lipoma, and leiomyosarcomaThe nature of pathologyWell differentiated, moderately differentiated, poorly differentiated, and undifferentiated3.Eponymname of inventorEwing sarcoma, Willms tumor, Hodgkin diseaseNo. Nature classificaionCell originExamples1.BenignMesenchymal cells; -omaFibrosit FibromaLipids LipomaOsteocytes OsteomaChondrocytes ChondromaSmooth muscles LeiomyomaParenchymal cells: complex nameAdenocortical adenoma, squamous cell papilloma, cystadenoma. Except benign tumor from epithelial cell of placenta: Mola hidatidosa2. MalignantMesenchymal cells:-sarcomaFibrosit FibrosrcomaLipids LiposarcomaChondrocytes ChondrosarcomaSmooth muscles LeiomyosarcomaParenchymal cells:-carcinomaAdenocarcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, Cystadenocarcinoma. Except: malignant tumor from epithelial cell of liver: hepatocellular carcinoma Primary bone tumor is a lump due to abnormal growth of new cells and uncontrolled in the musculoskeletal system, originating from the elements of the bone it self and neoplastic, progressive, and the cells never become mature.Primary bone tumors65,8% benign34,2% malignantFrom 3 people with benign tumors, one of which is a malignant tumor.Errol Untung Hutagalung: within a period of 10 years (1995-2004) recorded 455 cases of bone tumor that consists of 327 cases of malignant tumors of bone (72%) and 128 cases of benign bone tumors (28%).Chapter IITheoretical BasisA. DefinitionPrimary bone tumor is a lump due to abnormal growth of new cells and uncontrolled in the musculoskeletal system, originating from the elements of the bone it self and neoplastic, progressive, and the cells never become mature.B. EpidemiologyPrimary bone benignFrequency (%)Osteoma39,3Osteokondroma32,5Kondroma9,8Other18,4Primary bone malignancyFrequency (%)Osteosarcoma35,1Chondrosarcoma25,8Ewings sarcoma16,0Chordoma8,4Malignant fibrous histiocytoma5,7Angiosarcoma1,4Unspecified1,2Other6,4C. EtiologyThe exact cause is unknown.Influenced by 3 factors:D. ClassificationCell originBenignMalignantOsteogenicOsteoid osteomaOsteosarkoma Osteoblastoma ChondrogenicKondroma Kondrosarkoma Osteokondroma FibrogenicFibroma desmoplastik Fibrosarkoma AngiogenicHemangioma Angiosarkoma MyelogenicEwings tumorMultiple myelomaOther tumorsNeurofibroma Giant Cell tumorWHOTNM classification:T (primary tumors):Tx : Primary tumors can not be knownT0 : No evidence of primary tumorT1 : Tumor size is limitted to the periosteumT2 : Tumor size penetrate to the periosteumT3 : Tumor into the organ or structure around the boneN (Regional lymph nodes):Nx : Regional lymph nodes can not be known
N0 : Not found enlargement of regional lymph nodesN1 : Found enlargement of regional lymph nodesM (metastases jauh):Mx : Distant metastases can not be knownM0 : No distant metastases was foundM1: Distant metastases Found M1a : Metastases of the lung M1b : Metastases of the other organ
Pattern of bone destruction
Pattern of bone destruction
Pattern of bone destruction
Periosteal Reaction
Periosteal Reaction
Periosteal Reaction
Periosteal Reaction
Periosteal Reaction
Matrix Tumor
Matrix Tumor
Osteoid OsteomaRadiolucent nidus with mineralization and surrounding sclerosis
OsteoblastomaOsteolytic
OsteosarcomaOsteolytic
3 types:Osteolytic, osteoblastic, and mixed.Codman trianglesSunburst appearence
ChondromaSingle echocondroma in the proximal phalanx of the fingerMultiple echocondroma in the proximal phalanx of the index fingerStippled and ring shaped calcifications of the distal femoral metaphysis
Osteochondroma
Osteochondroma in the distal femur:cauliflowerChondrosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma in the left hip jointDesmoplastic FibromaTrabeculation of desmoplastic fibroma in distal femur
Fibrosarcoma
Fibrosarcoma of the radius (irreguler trabeculation) Hemangioma44
hemangioma in the frontal skull
hemangioma in the thoracal vertebralAngiosarcoma
Lytic areas of destruction, with minimal/ no reactive new bone formationEwings Sarcoma
Ewings sarcoma in shaft of the femurMultiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma: punched out lesionNeurofibromaGiant Cell Tumor
Giant cell tumors:Soap buble appearanceE. Clinical ManifestationsF. DiagnosisNext...TreatmentChapter IIIConclusionPrimary bone tumor is a lump due to abnormal growth of new cells and uncontrolled in the musculoskeletal system, originating from the elements of the bone it self and neoplastic, progressive, and the cells never become mature.
Bone tumors are relatively rare. The incidence of bone tumors only 0.2% of all bone tumors exist. Of all primary bone tumors, 65.8% of them are benign and 34.2% were malignantIn the diagnosis of primary bone tumors required a series of complete and accurate diagnosis, which consists of history, physical examination, and investigations (neurological, radiology, laboratory, and biopsy). The results of direct examination by a physician for proper diagnose a patient's illness so that appropriate treatment can be done and adequate.Thank you...