RECONSTRUCTION CAUSE AND EFFECT!

JUST THINK… DON’T WRITE!

OR, JUST WRITE WHAT HAS A STAR NEXT TO IT!

Set up to help

African American’s transition

to freedom!( The effect is many former confederates

protest that this organizes African Americans against

their former owners! Many will try to hinder the progress of the

bureau)

A n African American School set up by the Freedman’s Bureau.

THE FREEDMAN’S BUREAU

First, the 13th Amendment is passed… which

is….

13th Amendment – Abolition of Slavery. (1864)

As a result….rules are made to try to limit freedoms of the African American population… the rules make it seem a lot like… SLAVERY!

SHARECROPPING!

Sharecropping was one of few options for penniless freedmen.

The conditions were near poverty and the owners set up contracts that gave the farmers little chance of ever getting out

the arrangements let alone owning their own land.

Freedmen worked the

land of former owners in

exchange for part of the

crops.

Black Codes – Rules set up by former slave states to regulate the freedoms (control the labor, movements and activities) of former

slaves. This created a form of quasi-slavery to evade the results of the war. (Some laws dated to

the early 19th century in Northern states as well including putting in marriage laws along with southern states) NOT TO BE

CONFUSED WITH SLAVE CODES!

BLACK CODES

a new rule would have to be passed in hopes of trying to protect the rights of those born in America…

As a result….

this was called…

The 14th Amendment .

14th Amendment – Granted all persons born in the U.S. citizenship. (1868)

The amendment provides a broad definition of citizenship, overruling Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) which had excluded slaves and their descendants from possessing Constitutional rights.

over the next century, rules would be put in place to promote a separate but equal society …

As a result….

these rules were called…

Jim Crow Laws .

At first these laws were called Black

Codes, but because of their

deceptive nature, they eventually

came to be known as the laws of Jim Crow. Jim Crow

was the name of character in a minstrel show. Minstrel shows were popular

during that time, and they featured

white actors in "black face," or black make-up.

This picture shows a character from the Minstrel shows that summarized the idea of Jim Crow Laws. The picture would now be viewed as very offensive and an inappropriate stereotype to the African American population.

Because of this, the name Jim Crow represented the fact that Black Codes were based on racial disguise.

JIM CROW LAWS (nearer to the end of the 1900 century) – Set up rules of separate but equal all over America

including this shop in Lancaster, Ohio in 1938.

As a result….

In order to make it so African Americans could protect themselves , all races were given voting privlidges… this was called…

The 15th Amendment .

15th Amendment – Allowed all races to vote. At first this worked well!

Which helped African Americans like Blanch

Bruce and Hiram Revels gain political offices!

As a result….

African American voting power scared Southern whites, which prompted them to make changes… to make it hard

to vote…

What did it take to vote in Alabama? -Go down to the courthouse to register The registrars office would be opened two or three days each month for a couple of hours, so you take off work, with or without your employer's permission, and risk being fired!

-Fill out a four plus page formThis form left party affiliation off of the ballots, a deliberate tactic to prevent Blacks from participating in the Democratic primary election as voters or candidates.

- Pay for voting -Take a literacy Test

-Risk violence all along the way!

Poll Taxes = a payment was required to vote!

Next, here is your literacy Test… Good Luck!This is a portion of the Alabama literacy test. Enjoy!

If you didn’t pass… maybe there is another way to vote?

Grandfather clause -If your grandfather was eligible to vote you could too!

A grandfather clause is an exception that allows an old rule to continue to apply to some existing situations, when a new rule will apply to all future situations. It is often used as a verb: to grandfather means to grant such an exemption.

I put this picture here because Harland Sanders, Colonel

Sanders the founder of KFC, looks a little like my

grandfather.

The Ku Klux Klan – used violence to scare African Americans from voting and stop them from exercising their rights as American citizens.

VIOLENCE!

What does this political cartoon show?

This political cartoon uses exaggeration to show the obstacles that African Americans had to go through in

order to vote.

Does this

cartoon show

the same

thing? What is being exaggerated

in this cartoon?

The equal rights people

are small , but the wall is huge and

taken literally!

Complete Explanation:Cornelius Vanderbilt and James Fisk are shown in a race for control of New York's rails. Throughout 1868 and 1869, the two men had fought for control of the Erie Railroad. (See also "The Statue Unveiled," no. 1869-1.) Here, Vanderbilt straddles his two railroads, the Hudson River and the New York Central, admonishing his competitor, "Now then Jim--No Jockeying You Know.!" The dwarflike Fisk, sitting astride the Erie Railroad, replies, "Let Em Rip Commodore--But Don't Stop to Water for You'll be Beat."

On another topic…railroads and westward expansion became another huge debate

during the Reconstruction!