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Reconstruction and Prosperity• The world experienced a short
recession immediately following World War I
• The later 1920’s were generally a period of global prosperity
Ford Model T
Put the entire
world on wheels
Causes of The Great Depression• Overproduction
--more products available than people can purchase
• Speculation
-- borrow money to invest and make quick profit
• Lead to the Stock Market Crash of 1929
Depression—an economic downturn in which large numbers of businesses fail and workers are unemployed
The Great Depression• The interrelationship of loans and debts
helped the depression spread from the U.S. to Europe then to the rest of the world
• Most leaders reacted poorly (stopped spending, cut off trade, and tightened credit)
• Franklin Roosevelt (US)—used New Deal to put people to work on public works projects
German Breadlines Japanese children eating radish roots during famine
Fascism• A political ideology that developed after
World War I• Fascists believe in:• extreme nationalism (nation superiority)
-unite all social classes (strong over weak)• glorified violence and racism(defeat
opponents and expand country)• opposed socialism and democracy• Blind obedience to a strong (all powerful)
leader who expressed the national will
The Rise of Fascism• In Italy, Benito Mussolini, comes to power
creating a totalitarian state in 1922
Totalitarianism—dictator or political party controls all aspects of life
The Rise of Fascism• In Germany, Adolf Hitler,
becomes leader of fascist party known as the Nazi’s
Wrote Mein Kampf stated: Germans were superior race and Jews were the major cause of Germany’s problems
The Nazi Rise of Dictatorship In Germany• In Germany, millions of workers lost their jobs in
the Great Depression• German people (all classes) turn turned to the
Nazi Party to helpElection date Votes in
millionsShare
May 20, 1928 0.81 2.6%
September 14, 1930 6.41 18.3%
July 31, 1932 13.75 37.3%
November 6, 1932 11.74 33.1%
March 5, 1933 17.28 43.9%
The Nazi Rise of Dictatorship In GermanyHitler’s uses Nazi message of:
*weak Weimar republic
*harsh Versailles Treaty
Lost—but not forgotten country.
Into the heartYou are to dig yourself these words as into stone: Which we have lost may not be truly lost!
The Nazi Rise of Dictatorship In Germany
*anti-communism
*anti-Semitism
*blaming Jews for defeat in WWI
--In 1933, Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany
Nazism (National Socialism)• In 1933 Hitler and Nazi Party:
-eliminate all political rivals
-restricts Jews in business and education
-begin a massive rebuilding of the military
-public projects to stimulate the economy
-used terror with Gestapo (secret police)
-Build concentration camps
The Origins of World War II
The War in Europe
The War in Asia
The Global Impact of World War II