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Reconstruction(1865-77)
Union Deaths
360,000
Confederate Deaths
258,000
35.2 Million
(1865)
Would be the equivalent of
losing 6 million Americans today
Impact of the Civil War
Slavery is Abolished What issues are created with the end of
slavery? (Group Work) Confederate $$$ is worthless Railroads and
infrastructure destroyed
Lincoln’s Last Act
Wade-Davis BillMajority of White Men Take an Ironclad
Loyalty OathNo SlaveryElect New Government
No Former Government Officials or Confederate Military Leaders
Lincoln says NO – Pocket Veto
President Johnson v. Radical Republicans (Presidential Reconstruction v. Radical Reconstruction)
Andrew Johnson
Thaddeus
Stevens
(PA)
Charles
Sumner
(MA)
Reconstruction Issues
What to do with… Confederate Leaders Confederate Soldiers Confederate Citizens Former Slaves
Retribution/Justice v. Rehabilitation Rights of citizenship, land, education, etc. Radical Republican Power Grab?
Slaves
13th Amendment (r.1865)
Freedmen’s Bureau Family Reunification Education Basic Needs
Black Codes
(def.) Laws passed by southern state governments designed to limit the rights of African Americans Blacks could not vote, serve on juries, or
travel without employment, had to work in unskilled labor
Civil Rights Act of 1866 (H.111 to 38) (S.33 to 12) Johnson Vetoes – Congress overrides (How?)
14th Amendment (r.1868)
Equal Protection Clause No State shall make or enforce any law which
shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
15th Amendment (r.1870)
To the tune of “Three Blind Mice”:
Free, citizens, vote,13th, 14th, 15th.
It all happened after the Civil War,It all happened after the Civil War.
Free, citizens, vote,13th, 14th, 15th.
Military Reconstruction Act of 1867
Registered Texas Voters
White: 59,633
Black: 49,479
(Blacks were 30%)
Re-admission to representation in Congress
Tennessee - July 24, 1866 Arkansas - June 22, 1868 Florida - June 25, 1868 North Carolina - July 4, 1868 South Carolina - July 9, 1868 Louisiana - July 9, 1868 Alabama - July 13, 1868 Virginia - January 26, 1870 Mississippi - February 23, 1870 Texas - March 30, 1870 Georgia - July 15, 1870
Radical Reconstruction Works (ish) African Americans elected to office Republican Legislatures Repealed the
Black Codes
Johnson Impeached
Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton Tenure of Office Act
Problems
Carpetbaggers Scalawags Land Issues
Sharecropping Article
Racial Tensions Ku Klux Klan
Ulysses S. Grant Inexperienced “Whiskey Ring” Panic of 1873 1874, Democrats won
seats in Congress
Compromise of 1877
Samuel Tilden (D)
Rutherford B. Hayes (R)
VS.
"It is like writing history with Lightning. And my only regret is that it is all so terribly true."
-- President
Woodrow Wilson