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University of Asia PacificDepartment of Civil Engineering

Final Examination Fall 2016Program: B.Sc. Engineering (Civil)

Course Title: Professional Practice and Communication Course Code: CE 403Time: 2 hour Full marks: 100

There are 6 (six) questions. Answer anv 5 (five) of them (20*5=100)

1. a. What are the 7Cs of communication? Out of them, explain conciseness, concreteness (12)and clarity of communication with examples.b. Describe barriers in communication from the aspects of communicator and receiver. (5)c. How can you improve listening skill? (3)

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a. How can you say a 'Research title' good or bad? Explain with examples.b. What are the do's and don'ts in writing a proposal?c. What do you understand by 'Democratic and Participatory' leadership style followedin a meeting?d. Name more commonly used different contract formats.

a. Write down the chronological procedures followed in solicited major proposals.b. What do you mean by RFP? What information it should include?c. What does citation mean? Why is citation important?

a. What is your understanding about professional ethics?b. Explain preventive ethics and aspirational ethics.c. What are the characteristics of reasonable care model.

(s)(6)(s)

J.

4.

5.

(4)

(10)(6)(4)

(4)(r2){4)

(s)

(5*4)

a. Name the six dispute resolution methods.b. Describe arbitration and litigation as methods of dispute resolution. Howtwo methods differ from others?c. What are the criteria you should consider for giving a good presentation?

Write short notes on any 4(four) of the following:EgocentrismParticipant roles in meetingSupererogation modelFiduciary riskMemo

(3)do these (12)

a.

b.c,

d.e.

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University of Asia PacificDepartment of Civil EngineeringFinal Examination FALL 2016

Program: B.Sc. Engineering (Civil)

Course title: Environmental Engineering VI Course code: CE 437Time: 120 minutes Full marks: 100

There are FIVE (5) questions. Answer question no. 01 (COMPULSORY) and anyTHREE (3) from the rest Q8 + 3t'24 = 100).

1. A) Explain the following: (12)o Environment management systemo Ecosystemo BiodiversiW. Ecological justification of environmental valuee Climate changeo Wetland. Environmental Unityo Greenhouse effect

") ffjil:f#.,n.-ationally agreed principles of environmental resources

(6)

C) Select two principles of environmental resources management which are

most appropriate for managing international (transbounOuryj (5)

environmental resources of Bangladesh and justi$ your answer.

D) Explain (with conceptual diagram) how increasing diversity can stabilizr (S)

ecosystem functioning.

2. A) Explain five key principles of United Nations Framework Convention on (10)Climate Change (included in Article 3 of the Convention).

B) List eight laws in Bangladesh that are related to pollution and conservation, (5)agriculture, land use, water resources, and forestry.

C) Explain any four articles of the constitution of Bangladesh which are most (9)relevant for environmental management in Bangladesh. Justiff why you have' selected these four articles.

3. A) What is ISO 14001? What benefits does ISO 14001 bring to an organization or (2+6)business?

B) Explain the different requirements of ISO 14001 certification and (8)implementation (plan-do-check-act cycle).

llPage

t'a

C) What are the differences among goal, aim and objective? How can you set (4+4)SMART environmental objectives?

4. A) Demonstrate why environmental policy is important for implementing (8)environmental management system in an organization as per clause 4.2 of ISO14001.

B) Prepare a draft environmental policy for University of Asia Pacific. (8)

C) Set up five important environmental objectives and targets that are important to (8)achieve the commitments specified in the draft environmental policy of UAP.

5. A) Explain four steps of pollution prevention hierarchy of waste management as (6)stipulated by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), USA.

B) Analyze the current pollution prevention hierarchy for waste management in (6)Bangladesh. Which step in pollution prevention hierarchy is most important butignored in Bangladesh?

C) Recommend four policy steps that could improve pollution prevention practices (6)in Bangladesh.

D) Explain the process of ozone layer depletion in the stratosphere. (6)

2lPage

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Final Examination FalI 20L6Program: B.Sc. Engineering (Civil)

Course Code: CE 421Course Title: Structural Engineering VIII Credit Ilour: 2.0

Time: 120 MinutesFull Marks: 20x6= 120

Answer any 6 of the following 8 Questions. Any missing data can be assumed reasonably.

[1] A damped single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system has a mass of 15 kg subjected to extemal forceP(t) = fr" + 4] N. There are 4 columns and the size of them are 0.5m x 0.5m. Derive and solvethe equation of motion of the SDOF and determine the displacement, velocity and acceleration at time

t = 3 sec. Given, Young's modulus, E =2x 10atrle4 the system has 4o/o damping, the initialconditions are given as t = 0, ro = 0.015 m, *o = 0.15 -la. Q0)

121 (a) Determine the damped and undamped natural frequency, natural periods of a single-storeybuilding that has a floor height 7 .5 m. Given, mass, m : 5000 Kg, damping ratio is 4Yo, there are20 columns and the size are 0.45m x 0.45m, Young's modulus, E : 415 MPa. (10)

(b) A 4-storied industrial steel building has each floor height of 3.5 m. Determine the lateral forces ateach floor level as per BNBC for each floor size 30m x 30m, slab thickness 0.2m, damping ratio4Yo.Use appropriate sketch if necessary. (10)

t3l (a) Determine the magnitude of an earthquake by using two different empirical formulae. Assumethat the amplitude of the seismograph is 50 mm and epicentral distance is 250 km. (3)

(b) What is Ductility? (t+4+2)Assume that two different materials have ductility factors of 4 and 9. Distinguish between thesewhich one you would select and why for an earthquake resisting design?What is the purpose of "Yield Reduction Factor"?

(c) Whatis damping?What is the impact of damping and how you can add more damping into a system?Explain different conditions of damping and which one is the realistic and why?

t4] (a) What is earthquake? What causes earthquake?Explain Elastic-Rebound theory with appropriate sketch.

(a) What is Response Spectrum? What are drawbacks of Response Spectrum Analysis? (l+2+3)Explain the Acceleration Spectra (recommend by code).

(b) What is Retrofitting? What are the purposes of Retrofitting?' Write a short note on different alternatives of retrofitting.(t+2+4)

I5l Use the Constant Average Acceleration method to determine the displacement, velocity and accelerationnumericallyforthefollowingtimestepst:0:0.15:0.3sec. Assumethesystemmass,springcoefficient,damping is given in Question [1]. Given, t = 0, xo = 0, *o = 0. (20)

(1+3+6)

(l+2+4)

Page 1 of2

16l What is the purpose of Modal Analysis? Determine the Eigenfrequencies and Mode Shapes of a 2-DOFs

that has mass and stiffness matrices as foilows, , =ff fn]*r, r =[:lo ;i]*. which mode

is the most dangerous one and why?

[7f The mode shapes of a2- DoF system are .D1 : {o''rnt} and<D2 - [-2'014]. Perform the Modal

Analysis to determine the displacements of a 2-DoFs at t: 0.1 sec. Given, {i:} = f t'"Ir?"

} *, t =| 73's2 -48'86]N-s,, =l': fr]**, r =llfo #]H

\ e (20)[-+s.ae +s.ae J '. '' = L0 lslKg' r( = [-to 10 l-

t8l A two storied RC building is shown in Figure l. Determine the velocities of the building lf-qsingconstant Average Acceleration method at t = 0.15 sec. Given, fil[3]]= {0.3r} -, {X;[3]]:

{'d:i} ,*-IL,[t]] ={'"1',**n}*, c =lo.osM+0.07I(l E, E =r*'r,ilr,rpa slau thickness is

o'15m' (20)

r 0.5m,"f--r

=t E

Column X-section

0.5

(20)

Page2 of2

Course Title: Structural Engineering VlTime:2 hours


Final Examination FalI 2016Program: B. Sc. Engineering (Civil)

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Course Code: CE 417Full Marks: 100 1= 5*rO,

[Answer any five (05) out of following seven (07) questions]

1. Compute the allowable load capaclty in tension for the connection of two members in (20)

thefollowingfigure l. Connecting members are Cl2x25 (Ag=7.35 in2, thicknessofweb, F0.387 in) channel section and I inch thick gusset plate. Use AISC- LRFDmethod with 7/8-in-diameter A325 bolts in standard holes and A'36 steel members.

Assume that the effective net area is 85% of the computed net area.

?" 3.5" 3.5" y

Figure 1

The residual stress for a20 x 2 inch plate to be used as a tension member is shown inFig.2. Derive the equation for stress-stain behavior in tension of the plate. Given, F536 ksi, E= 30,000 ksi.

2, I

20ksi

tqtl l'

(20)

20ksi

oo ooo oooo

-9 ksi

Figure 2

st

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3. (a) Determine the effestive lengfi cwffieierts for all the columns (AB, BC, DE, and EF) of (10)

the tame shown in figure 3. Moment of inertia of all columns are 200 ina and moment

of inertia of the beams are shown in the figure. Alignment chart is give,n with the

question.

Figure3

(b) Determine elastic shear stress distibution on W24xl62 beam subjected to a service load (10)

shear force 300 kips shown in figure 4. Also oompute the portion of shear canied by the

flange. Given, L= 5170 ina.

1.2!'

t2'

15',

g_ 1.22"A l,'

3fi) ina

f igure 4

+1

ryt

4.(a) Determine allowable compressive load carrying capactty of the 20 ft column shown in (17)

figure 5 using AISC-ASD method. It consists of Wl2x50 section having .4'992 Grade 50

steel. Support conditions are shown in the figure, and column has weak directionsupport (braced) at mid height. Given, E= 29,000 ksi. Necessary formulae, dimensions

and properties of the section are grven with the question.

Strong axis

Figure 5

(b) Define compact, noncompact, slender sections.

5.(a) Find out yield moment, plastic moment and shape

Assume A992 Grade 50 steel.

factor of the following

(03)

section. (17)

I:I"l+---+l

Figure 6

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(b) What are the disadvantages of structural steel as a building material? (03)

6.(a) A 36 feet simply supported beam of Wl4x109 size caries two concenfated loads as (17)

shown in figure 7. It is laterally supported at both ends and at points of concentrated

load. What is the maximum permissible value of P? Use A572 grade 50 steel. Neglect

self-weight of the beam and follow AISC-ASD principle. Given, E: 29,000 ksi.

Dimensions and properties of the section are given with the question.

12ft12ft.12ft

Figure 7

(b) What is limit state? Explain briefly serviceability and strength limit state. (03)

7,(a) Select the lightest W section to carry a uniform dead load of 0.8 k/ft and a live load of (16)

1.5 ldft on a simply supported span of 38 ft. Adequate lateral support is provided. The

live load deflection is limited to L/360. Use A572 grade 50 steel and follow AISC-LRFD method. Given, E= 29,000 ksi. Dimensions and properties of different W sections

are given with the question.

(b) Find out shape factor ofa rectangular beam section. (04)

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18S0 15 '1524 1401760 t6 15A7 ,48

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At erection:

(1) Deflection (downward) component-apply to the elastic defleclion due to the componentweight at release of prestress

(2) Camber (upward) component-apply to the elastic camber due to prestress at the time olrelease ol preskess

Final:

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weighl at release of prestress

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release ol prestress

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to elastic dellection caused by the composite toppi

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Final Examination Fall 2016Program: B.Sc. in Civil Engineering

Course Title: Structural Engineering VTime: 2 (Two) holrs

Course Code: CE 415Full Marks: 100

There are 6 (Six) questions in this section. Answer any S(Five).Assume reasonable values for any missing data. Syrnbols used have their usual meanings.

1 . (a) Describe briefly the different sources of presftess loss in a prestressed concrete member.

(b) Make a final design for the section of a preshessed-concrete AASHTO-PCI I- Girder toresist a total moment (M1) of 750 kN-m including girder self-weight moment allowing notension in the concrete both at transfer and under working load. Assume a trial depth ofthe section is 42{(Mr) in mm (where Mr is in kN-m). I-Girder beam is simply supportedand having a span of 15 m. Prestressing will be done with Grade 1860 MPa #9 (diameter9.53 mm) low-relaxation seven-wire strand. Find out the prestressing force which isneeded to be applied at initial stage and the number of strand required for prestressing.Also, show a possible strand layout following ACI code. Assume 20% loss of prestressdue to elastic shortening.

Given: E,: 2 x lOs MPa; E": 2.5 x 10a MPa;l i = 34Ivtra; f"': 40,MPa; Relaxationlosses : 3Yo; fo70.7 5 f*

(a) Compare with brief Pre-stressed concrete with Reinforced Concrete with respect toserviceability, safety and economy.

(b) The cross section of a precast pretensioned single-tee beam is shown in Fig. I' The beam t7is simply supported and having a span of 25 m. The low-relaxation preshessing strandswere tensioned to a stress of 1400 MPa in the pretensioning bed, prior to casting of theconcrete. The strands have constant eccentricity along the span of the beam. Compute thecamber at mid-span before the application of live load and long term deflection (final)under the effect of a concentrated live load of 60 kN at mid-span of the beam. Use themultipliers of PCI design handbook.

Given: E,: 2x 10s MPa; E" = 2.5x 10a MPa; .f,'= 35MPa; Relaxation losses = 3%io; CGof section (from bottom),/t:710.9 mm; I--2.99 x l0r0 mma

18

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Fig.1

(a) Describe briefly the different stages of loading to which a prestressed concrete member is

often subjected.

(b) Draw four layouts of tendons for post-tensioned simply supported beam.

(c) A beam having an inverted T cross section is to be designed to carry a service live load of17 kN/m and superimposed dead load of 6 kN/m in addition to its own weight, on a 12 mcantilever span as shown in Fig. 2.The member will be post-tensioned using two 65 mmtendons each composed of 12#1,3 low relaxation seven wire shands (f*=0.75 f*).Concrete strength at 28 days is specified to be 30 MPa. Prestress losses can be estimatedas P1: 0.95 P, and P, : 0.90 Po. Calculate the fiber shesses after long-term Iosses haveoccurred (total load and P,) in the concrete at the support and at the free end. Are these

350 ++mml I

J. 3

2

15

32A. 592.5 x 10 mm

l.84,4xtO9rr4 cL otr$l (o=

rt

Elevation

Fig.2

(a) What is the basic difference between the internal couple of a prestressed and that of areinforced beam section?

(b) Define length of transfer in Pretensioned concrete. Write down the factors that affect thelength of hansfer.

(c) Calculate the ultimate capacity of the beam shown in Fig. 2. If the capacity is

Two Tendons (Each 12#13 LowRelaxation Seven Wre Strands)

CG of Concrete Seotion

4.

14-13 urm seveu-wire straud

13

*F'

6.

unacceptable (ACI code), provide additional tension reinforcement.

A 3-ft depth AASHTO type II girder, precast and pretensioned, will be used with a 145 x

2440 mm cast-in-place riaU to form a composite beam that will span 16 m between simple

supports. The preiast beam and the slab concrete will be made using concrete with f"' =g jNrlpa. An initial prestress force of 2100 kN, applied 294 mm below the centroid of the

precast beam is reduced by time dependent losses to 1750 kN. The loads to be carried by

ihe girder are: Girder own weight = 5 kN/m, Concrete slab weight = 8'4 kN/m,

Supeiimposed dead load = 2.7 k}.l/m, and Live load 16.5 kN/m. Find the flexural stresses

in ihe beam corresponding to the following load combinations:

i. Initial prestress plus self-weight of the precast beam'

ii. Effective prestress plus all non-composite dead loads'

iii. Effective prestress plus full service loads'

Knowing that the prestresiing steel consist of 19-13 mm diameter seven-wire strands,

calculatJthe ultimate flexural strength of the AASHTO type II girder.

(a) What is the difference (analysis and design) between bonded and un-bonded prestressed

beams?(b) What is the difference between creep and relaxation?

(c) For the 18.2 m post-tensioned beam shown in Fig. 3, calculate total load intensity 'w'\-/ causing web shiar cracks and flexure-shear cracks at a distance, x= 650 mm from

support.Civln: A"= 376,000 mm2; Ao,: 12#13 mm low relaxation strands;

E, = 2 x 10s MPa; E" = 2.5' x 104 MPa; ,fp, = 1080 MPa. f,'= 35 MPa; CG of section

(from bouom),!t=714mm; I=3'63 x 1010mma; I/o:35 kN'

Ilint: You have to find the cracking moment, M", at x= 650 mm:using first concept ofprestressed concrete according to your text book'

1

L7

Elevation

CPCI 2400x1000

Cross Section

Fig.3


Final Examination Fall 2016

Program: B.Sc. in Civil Engineering

Course Code: CE 425 Time: 2 (Two) HoursCourse Title: Structural Engineering X Full Marks: (20 + 8xl0): 100

Answer Question I (Question I is mandatory) and any I (eight) from rest of the questions (2-10)

1. Prepare a mix design using BRE mix method with the following data:

Target Mean Strength: 38 N/mm2 at 28 days

Cement Type: 42.5 NAggregate type: Crushed GraniteMax. Aggregate size: 20 mmAggregate density: 27 00 Kglm3Sand density : 2600 Kg/m'Fine aggreg ate grading: 44Yo

Slump: 30-60 mm

Necessary graphs and tables provided at the end of this document. Assume reasonable value for any

missing data.

2. What is 'green concrete'? How can you produce 'green concrete'? Discuss its potential use in the

context of Bangladesh.

3. Using the formulae below, calculate the Bogue compound contents of the following Portlandcements.CrS : 4.07 (CaO) - 7.60(SiOz) - 6.7 Z(ltlzOr) - 1 .43(FezOr) - 2. 85(SOr)CzS :2.87(SiOz) - 0.75(C:S)CrA : 2.65(AlzOt) - 1.69(FezO:)C+AF = 3.04(FezOr)

Bulk Oxide Content, 7o Cement I Cement 2 Cement 3CaO 63.0 66.0 66.0AlzOa 7.7 7.0 5.5FezOr 3.3 3.0 4.5SiOz 22.0 20.0 20.0SOr 0.1 0.1 0.2

Which of the cements is likely to be low heat cement and which one is rapid hardenings cement? Givereasons for your answers.

Ll3

':+-

I

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5.

6.

4. How will the shape of the heat evolution (hydration) curve of PC be affected by:

(i) the mean particle size of the cement grains;

(ii) the temperature of the surrounding environment;

(iii) the composition of the cement with respect to the CrS, CzS, CrA and C+AF phases

Describe the various forms of water present in hardened concrete matrix. Explain why curing is

crucial for qualitY concrete.

Determine the concrete pressure at every 0.5 m height of a mass concrete retaining wall'

Given:For wall element Cr: 10, C2:0.45,Wet density of concrete:25 kN/m3,

Concrete temperature at placing = l0o C,

Uniform supply rate of one 6 m3 truck every 20 minutes'

3.5 m

write short notes on: Accelerating, Retarding, Plasticizer, Superplasticizer and water resistant

admixture. In each case you shouid state their properties, influencing factors, application, mechanism

and effect on concrete.

Discuss the problems associated with concreting in hot weather and their remedies'

show in an outline the different types of cracks in concrete. Discuss Plastic settlement of concrete'

How can we minimize the plastic settlement cracks in concrete?

10. what are the Initiation and propagation period of carbonation? Discuss the mechanism ofcarbonation. Write about determination

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carbonation.

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UniversitY of Asia PacificDepartment of Civil Engineering

Final Examination FaIl 2016

Program: B.Sc. Engineering (Civil)

Course Title: Environmental Engineering VII Course Code: CE 439Full Marks: 50Time:'2 hour

There are Six (6) questions. Answer anY Five (5)'

I5I1. (a) Explain EIA inputs to the project cycle'

(b) Develop u ri*if. checklist for a roaO project. The checklist should include adverse and I5l

beneficial impicts of the project on environmental components.

2. (a) Illustrate the prediotion techniques applicable iq 9A' I5l

ibi Explain tt" ui*, scope and use oi^existing information of the JNCC (Joint Nature [5]

Conservation Commitfue, United Kingdom) Phase I habitat survey method'

3. (a) Enlist the legislative and administrative documents for environmental protection in t5l

Bangladesh(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of chemical and biological methods for t5l

water samples analYses?

4. (a) what is the importance of social impacts in EIA according to uNEP (1996)? tzl(b) With a Oiagrar; show the linkages betrveen socio-economic impacts for a power station' I4l

(c) How the dEmand for local ,"*i"", can be predicted for in-migrant employees of a major t4l

develoPment Project?

5. (a) Enlist the review criteria of an EIA report' t4l

(b) How ElA;;ffiq;;ibv control is being achieved? t4l

(c) What are the main points of the Introdriction chapter of an ELA report to be reviewed? t2I

6. (a) What do you mean by compliance monitoring and environmental effects monitoring? I:!(b) Explain the role of enviionmental monitoiing program in EIA by the three major I5l

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Final Examination Fall 2016Program: B. Sc. Engineering (Civil)

Course Title: Environmental Engineering IIITime- 2 hours

Course Code: CE 431Full marks: 100

Question no. 6 is mandatory. Answer any FOUR (4) from question no. 1-5. (5 X20 = 100)(Assume any missing data)

l.(a) What are the beneficial consequences of source reduction that are related to climate (3+3)change? Mention the key concepts of on-site processing.

(b) What are the indicators that can be used to measure the performance of a recycling (3)scheme?

(c) Solid wastes from Tejgaon residential area need to be collected considering low (3+8)collection cost, minimum crew size and with no provision of scheduled services.Mention which mode of collection would be appropriate, justiff.Again, Tejgaon lndustrial area is to be collected using a stationary container collectionsystem. The containers have 10 cubic metre of volume. Determine the appropriate truckcapacity for the given conditions:

o Container utilization factor = 0.7o Average number of containers at each location = 2o Collection-vehicle compaction ratio: 2.5o Container unloading time = 0.15h/containero Average drive time between container location = 0.15ho One way haul distance = 30 km. Speed limit = 88 km/ho Time from garage to first container locations = 0.40ho Time from last container location to garage : 0.30ho Number of trips to disposal site per day :3o Lenglh of working day: 8h

2.(a) Why is maintenance important for vehicles? Compare the different ways of (2+6maintenance of collection vehicles. Why is collection process the largest cost element +2)in solid waste management system?

(b) A summary table for the chemical components of a solid waste sample is given below. (10)Determine approximate chemical formulas with and without sulfur. Also calculate theenergy conteht of the waste using Dulong's formula.

Component Moisture Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulfir Ash

Mass (kg) 45.60 28.7 3.32 16.4 1.72 0.16 4.1

3. (a) Discuss the significance, risk and cost components of recycling process. (7)

(b) Which steps/elements are included in the consideration of economic costs of the solid (5)waste collection?

(c) Consider the chemical formula of the waste that you obtained without sulfur in 2(b).Calculate the requirement of air for the organic waste for composting.

4.(a) Show the pathways that the humans can be exposed to hazardous waste.

(8)

(4)

(b) What are the factors to consider while establishing a transfer station? Explain when the (3+3)transfer station option becomes more cost effective in comparison with direct haul.

(c) A transfer station was built with an installation cost of 5,00,000 BDT with yearly (10)operational cost being 50,000 BDT. The transfer station is meant to handle 400tons/day operating 7 days a week. To be operated to and from the transfer station, atractor-trailor was bought with 1,00,000 BDT which will require 10,000 BDT foryearly operation and maintenance. The ffuck carries 60 tons/trip. A driver appointedwould require 4,000 BDT per month including benefits. The capital cost of the buildingand transfer trucks are to be amortized over a 20 year period using a 10% discountfactor. Assume it takes 45 minutes to make a one-way trip from the transfer station tothe disposal site and 5 round trips per day are made. Find the total cost of transferstation and hauling cost in BDT per ton. Also plot the result showing the fixed cost and

the variable cost varying over time.

s.(a)

(b)

(c)

List the categories of hazardous waste with examples. (5)

Define industrial waste with example. Show in a flow chart what are the (3+4)components/elements that an industrial management scheme/model should have.

Following table shows a comparison of costs for trucks making one, two or three trips (8)per day to disposal site. Perform an economic analysis for each of the options (1,2 or 3

trips) by estimating the annual cost per ton of waste and annual cost per householdusing the given information. Also discuss each of the options in terms of their suitabilityfor optimum cost and time. Which option will provide the maximum benefit?

(s)

(6)

Number of'trips per day

Housesserved pertruck

Minimumtruck size(yd')

Total waste(ton)

AnnualTruck cost($/vr)

AnnualLabor Cost($/yr)

I 2050 35 3200 164,556 99,840

2 1700 t5 2600 82,643 99,840J 1350 8 2000 s5.338 99.840

6. (a) Mention different ways of gas extraction/recovery methods from landfill.

(b) Mention the general categories of contaminants in a landfill that need to be treated and

,+

also list down the methods of treating the respective contaminants from leachate.

(c) Design a sanitary landfill that will be built in a flat area which will be used ultimatelyfor construction purpose after 20 years i.e. the land is being taken through lease by theGovt. Solve the following problems:

Given Formula:

Energy Content (KJ/Kg) = 338.2C+1430 (H-O/8) + 95.45

C "

H" Ou N" + (r*a/4-bl2-3c14) Oz ) nCOz + @12 -3c12) H2O + cNH3

NHr+2Oz)HzO+HNO:

D Some refuse in the landfill consist of garden trimming (30%by weight) and (4)glass waste (45% by weight). If the uncompacted bulk density of gardenwaste and glass waste are 4.56 and 18.65 lb/ft3respectively and compactionin the landfill is 48 lb/ft3 , estimate the percent volume reduction duringcompaction of the waste.

ii) Calculate the required landfill capacrty for the Year,20l7 for a population (5)size of 30,00,000 with per capita waste generation rate of 5.0 lb/capita/dayand compacted density of 40 lb/f. Assume that the daily cover consists ofl0% of the landfill volume.

i(r+i1') IE+r-T{J

,={##lr*" =[

Where, A: Annual cost ( BDT/yr)P = Purchase price, (BDT)i - interest rate, discount rate (yrl)n: amortization period (yr)CRF: Capital Recovery factor

Haul Container System Stationary Container System

T16=(PT1s+q+m+nx)

PTro=pc+uc+dbc

146 = {(1-W)L 1t, +t )l rthcs

Tr*=(PTro+q+m+nx)PT,* = C,uc +(S-l)(dbc)

c.= Yl ^, - v.' vJ "'t'- Y?

, (t,+tr)+M..(PTo+q+m+nx)l-w

:st

Table : Typical values for haul constant coeflicients m and n

Type ofhaul Speed limitkm/lr

mh/trin

nh/hm

Communal 88 0.016 0.01IBlock 72 0.032 0.014

Kerbside 56 0.034 0.018

Door-to-door 40 0.05 0.025

Table: Typicat data for computing equipment and labour requirements for hauled- and stationary-containercollection

Collection Pick up loadedcontainer anddeposit empty

container,h/trin

Empty contentsof

loadedcontainer,h/container

At-site time q,h/trip

VehicleLoadingmethod

Compactionratiorz

Hauledcontainer

ffilt-frame)Mechanical 2.04.0 0.5 0.129

Stationarycontainer

(Comoactor)Mechanical 2.M.0 0.05 0.15


Final Examination Fall 2016Program: B. Sc. Engineering (Civil)

Course Title: Environmental Engineering III Course Code: CE 431Time- 2 hours Full marks: 100

Question no. 6 is mandatory. Answer any FOUR (4) from question no. 1-5. (5 X 20 = 100)(Assume any missing data)

1.(a) What are the beneficial consequences of source reduction that are related to climate (3+3)change? Mention the key concepts of on-site processing.

(b) What are the indicators that can be used to measure the performance of a recycling (3)scheme?

(c) Solid wastes from Tejgaon residential area need to be collected considering low (3+8)collection cost, minimum crew size and with no provision of scheduled services.Mention which mode of collection would be appropriate, justiff.Again, Tejgaon Industrial area is to be collected using a stationary container collectionsystem. The containers have 10 cubic mehe of volume. Determine the appropriate truckcapacity for the given conditions:

o Container utilization factor: 0.7o Average number of containers at each location = 2o Collection-vehicle compaction rutio=2.5o Container unloading time : O.l5h/containero Average drive time between container location = 0.15ho One way haul distance = 30 km. Speed limit = 88 km/ho Time from garage to first container locations = 0.40ho Time from last container location to garage = 0.30ho Number of trips to disposal site per day = 3o Lenglh of working day:8h

2.(a) Why is maintenance important for vehicles? Compare the different ways of (2+6maintenance of collection vehicles. Why is collection process the largest cost element +2)in solid waste management system?

(b) A summary table for the chemical components of a solid waste sample is given below. (10)Determine approximate chemical formulas with and without sulfur. Also calculate theenergy content of the waste using Dulong's formula.

Component Moisture Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulfur Ash

Mass (kg) 45.60 28.7 3.32 16.4 1.72 0.16 4.1

3. (a) Discuss the significance, risk and cost components of recycling process. (7)

(b) Which steps/elements are included in the consideration of economic costs of the solid (5)

waste collection?

(c) Consider the chemical formula of the waste that you obtained without sulfur in 2(b). (8)

Calculate the requirement of air for the organic waste for composting.

4.(a) Show the pathways that the humans can be exposed to hazardous waste. (4)

(b) What are the factors to consider while establishing a transfer station? Explain when the (3+3)transfer station option becomes more cost effective in comparison with direct haul.

(c) A transfer station was built with an installation cost of 5,00,000 BDT with yearly (10)

operational cost being 50,000 BDT. The transfer station is meant to handle 400

tons/day operating 7 days a week. To be operated to and from the transfer station, a

tractor-ffailor was bought with 1,00,000 BDT which will require 10,000 BDT foryearly operation and maintenance. The truck carries 60 tons/trip. A driver appointedwould require 4,000 BDT per month including benefits. The capital cost of the buildingand transfer trucks are to be amortized over a 20 year period using a 10% discount

factor. Assume it takes 45 minutes to make a one-way trip from the transfer station tothe disposal site and 5 round trips per day are made. Find the total cost of transfer

station and hauling cost in BDT per ton. Also plot the result showing the fixed cost and

the variable cost varying over time.

5. (a) List the categories of hazardous waste with examples. (5)

(b) Define industrial waste with example. Show in a flow chart what are the (3+4)components/elements that an indusfiial management scheme/model should have.

(c) Following table shows a comparison of costs for trucks making one, two or three trips (8)per day to disposal site. Perform an economic analysis for each of the options (1,2 or 3trips) by estimating the annual cost per ton of waste and annual cost per householdusing the given information. Also discuss each of the options in terms of their suitabilityfor optimum cost and time. Which option will provide the maximum benefit?

Number oftrips per day

Housesserved pertruck

Minimumtruck size(va)

Total waste(ton)

AnnualTruck cost($/vr)

AnnualLabor Cost($/yr)

2050 35 3200 164,556 99,840

) 1700 l5 2600 82,643 99,840

J 1350 8 2000 55.338 99.840

6.(a)

(b)

Mention different ways of gas extraction/recovery methods from landfill. (s)

Mention the general categories of contaminants in a landfill that need to be treated and (6)

also list down the methods of treating the respective contaminants from leachate.

(c) Design a sanitary landfill that will be built in a flat area which will be used ultimatelyfor construction purpose after 20 years i.e. the land is being taken through lease by theGovt. Solve the following problems:

i) Some refuse in the landfill consist of garden trimming (30%by weight) and (4)glass waste (a5% by weight). If the uncompacted bulk density of gardenwaste and glass waste are 4.56 and 18.65 bdrespectively and compactionin the landfill is 48 lb/d , estimate the percent volume reduction duringcompaction of the waste.

ii) Calculate the required landfill capacrty for the Yea\ 2017 for a population (5)size of 30,00,000 with per capita waste generation rate of 5.0 lblcapita/dayand compacted density of 40 lbff. Assume that the daily cover consists of10% of the landfill volume.

Given Formula:

Energy Content (zu/Kg) =338.2C+1430 (H-O/8) + 95.45

C n Hu Ou N "+

(n+a/4-bl2-3c14) Oz ) nCOz + @/2 -3c12) I{2O + cNH3

NH3+2O2)H2O+HNO:

i(r+i1') I[+iF] ,,={##]

Where, A: Annual cost ( BDT/yr)P : Purchase price, (BDT)i - interest rate, discount rate (yr-l)11: amortization period (yr)CRF: Capital Recovery factor

Haul Container System Stationary Container System

Tlq=.(PTls+q+m+nx)

PT1o=pc+uc*dbc

146 = {(l-W)L (tr +tr)} /Thcs

Tro=(PTro+q+m+nx)PT,* = C,uc +(S-l)(dbc)

q=# t*=*, (t,+tr)+Mr.(PT-+q+m+nx)

l-w

:sI

Table: Typical values for haul constant coeflicients m and n

Type ofhaul Speed limitkm/h

mh/trin

nh/km

Communal 88 0.016 0.011

Block 72 0.032 0.014

Kerbside 56 0.034 0.018

Door-to-door 40 0.05 0.025

Table: Typical data for computing equipment and labour requirements for hauled- and stationary-containercollection

Collection Pick up loadedcontainer anddeposit empty

container,h/trin

Empty contentsof

Ioadedcontainer,

h/conteiner

At-site time q,h/trip

VehicleLoadingmethod

Compactionratio, z

Hauledcontainer

(Tilt-frame)Mechanical 2.04.4 0.5 0.129

Stationarycontainer

(Comoactor)Mechanical 2.04.0 0.05 0.15

.tf{

.,/'.i .{

"*


Final Examination Fall 2016Program: B.Sc. in Civit Engineering

Course Title: Structural Engineering VTime: 2 (Two) hours

Course Code: CE 415Full Marks: 100

There are 6 (Six) questions in this section. Answer any S(Five).Assume reasonable values for any missing data. Symbols used have their usual meanings.

1. (a) Describe briefly the different sources of prestress loss in a prestressed concrete member.

(b) Make a final design for the section of a prestressed-concrete AASHTO-PCI I- Girder toresist a total moment (M1) of 750 kN-m including girder self-weight moment allowing notension in the concrete both at transfer and under working load. Assume a trial depth ofthe section is 42{(Mr) in mm (where Mr is in kN-m). I-Girder beam is simply supiortedand having a span of 15 m. Prestressing will be done with Grade 1860 MPa #9 (diameter9.53 mm) low-relaxation seven-wire strand. Find out the prestressing force which isneeded to be applied at initial stage and the number of strand required for prestressing.Also, show a possible strand layout following ACI code. Assume 20% loss of prestressdue to elastic shortening.

Given: E,= 2 x 105 MPa; E":2.5 x 10a MPa; .f"i = 34lv[Pa; f,': 40,'MPal Relaxationlosses :3Yo;fo70.75 f*

2. (a) Compare with brief Pre-stressed concrete with Reinforced Conuete with respect toserviceability, safety and economy.

(b) The cross section of a precast pretensioned single-tee beam is shown in Fig. 1. The beamis simply supported and having a span of 25 m. The low-relaxation prestressing strandswere tensioned to a stress of 1400 MPa in the pretensioning bed, prior to casting of theconcrete. The strands have constant eccentricity along the span of the beam. Compute thecamber at mid-span before the application of live load and long term deflection (final)under the effect of a concentrated live load of 60 kN at mid-span of the beam. Use themultipliers of PCI design handbook.

Given: E,=2x 105 MPa; E"=2.5 x 10a MPa; .fr'=35 MPa; Relaxation losses =3Yo;CG, of section(frombottom),y6 =710.9 mm;1= 2.99x 10r0mma

18

17

s'

14-13 ruru seven-wire strand

J.

Fig.l(a) Describe briefly the different stages of loading to which a prestressed concrete member is

(b) Draw four layouts of tendons for post-tensioned simply supported beam.

(c) A beam having an inverted T cross section is to be designed to carry a service live load of17 kN/m and superimposed dead load of 6 kN/m in addition to its own weight, on a 12 mcantilever span as shown in Fig. 2. The member will be post-tensioned using two 65 mmtendons each composed of 12#13 low relaxation seven wire strands (f*=0.75 f*).Concrete strength at 28 days is specified to be 30 MPa. Prestress losses cuoLr estimatedas P, = 0.95 P, and P" : 0.90 P,. Calculate the fiber stresses after long-term losses haveoccurred (total load and P,) in the concrete at the support and at the free end. Are thesestresses acceptable (ACI code)?

3

2

15

32A = 592.5 x'10 mm

I : 84.4 x 109 mm4

Two Tendons (Each 12#13 LowRelaxation Seven Wire Strands)

CG of Concrele Section

350.mmT--; OEe'I lr)E

t-]

ln-.1soomm -+$ ECross Section

Eo'::" ^Fig.2

4. (a) What is the basic difference between the internal couple of a prestressed and that of areinforced beam section?

(b) Define length of transfer in Pretensioned concrete. Write down the factors that affect thelength oftransfer.

(c) Calculate the ultimate capacity of the beam shown in Fig. 2. If the capacity is 13

EENsist

1-+

1-*



Course Title: Environmental Engineering VIII (GIS and Remote Sensing) Course Code: CE 531Time: 2 hour Full marks: 100


1. a. What are the different data sources for GIS? Compare them based on data acquisition (4)methods and equipment used.b. Name the methods for digitizing spatial information. Describe the Heads-up (10)digitizing process. Which method is an easy-to-use tool to convert a raster to a vectordata, and why?c. Discuss the following digitizing errors in brief: (6)

i. Undershoot iii. Danglesii. Spurious polygons iv. Polygon closure error

How can you minimize these errors?

2. a. What is metadata? Describe the parameters in designing a spatial database. Compare (10)the following:

i. File geodatabase and AToSDE geodatabaseii. Feature attribute table and Standalone table

b. How does object-based database differ from relational database? Which one is most (4)popular for GIS model, and why?c. Discuss about projection properties. Write down the parameters for the classification (6)of map projection. Why is it necessary to know the different projection systems? Namethe two projection systems mostly used in Bangladesh.

3. a. Describe the following three spatial interpolation methods: (12)i. Natural neighborhood interpolationii. Spline interpolationiii. Kriging method

b. How does the kriging method overcome the limitation of IDW? Name the factors that (6)influence your choice of spatial data interpolation method.c. Name the five spatial data analysis tools. (2)

4. a. How is the overlay method used for raster and vector data analysis? (10)b. What do you understand by TIN? How can you develop TIN model? Write down the (10)advantages and disadvantages ofTIN model.

5. a. Based on the knowledge developed in this course, describe one application of GIS (10)technology in any one of the following Civil Engineering areas (provide detailmethodology of the tools/techniques you'll be using in the application)

i.ConstructionEngineering iii.GeotechnicalEngineeringii.EnvironmentalEngineering iv.TransportationEngineering

b. What is address geo-coding? Describe the geo-coding process. Name two applications (10)ofgeo-coding process.

page I of2

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Write sho'rt notes on any a (four) oftlre foIlowing:a. Geo-referrncing

c. lnoc si*eationI

d. DEM" r-.,r,s;i:f''hififfi #r','

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Course Title: Professional Practice and Communication

1.

Course Code: CE 403

Time: 2 hour Full marks: 100

2.

aJ.


a. What are the 7Cs of communication? Out of them, explain conciseness, concreteness

and clarity of communication with examples.b. Describe barriers in communication from the aspects of communicator and receiver.

c. How can you improve listening skill?

a. How can you say a oResearch title' good or bad? Explain with examples.b. What are the do's and don'ts in writing a proposal?

c. What do you understand by 'Democratic and Participatory' leadership style followedin a meeting?d. Name more commonly used different contract formats.

a. Write down the chronological procedures followed in solicited major proposals.

b. What do you mean by RFP? What information it should include?

c. What does citation mean? Why is citation important?

a. What is your understanding about professional ethics?b. Explain preventive ethics and aspirational ethics.

c. What are the characteristics of reasonable care model.

a. Name the six dispute resolution methods.b. Describe arbitration and litigation as methods of dispute resolution. How do these

two methods differ from others?

c. What are the criteria you should consider for giving a good presentation?

Write short notes on any 4(four) of the following:EgocentrismParticipant roles in meetingSupererogation modelFiduciary riskMemo

(12)

(s)(3)

(s)(6)(s)

(4)

(10)(6)(4)

(4)(t2)(4)

(3)(t2)

(s)

(5*4)

4.

5.

6.

a.

b.c.d.A

-+'

-.$

T (423.3-04 Clause N3.1.1

Gradef*(MPa) Sizen

)iameter {nrn} Area (mnrr)uwlgnalt{)n

$evenlfillreSband

1860 g 9.53 55r860 {1 11.,l3 741880 13 12.74 991860 15 'r5.24 140,760 t6 18,47 148

Pre-SfessingWre

r550 5 5.00 19,61720 5 5.00 19.51620 7 7.00 38.51760 7 7.00 38.5

DeforrnedPresfesrirg

Bars

1080 't"5 {5.0 17:7

1030 28 26.5 55rtt00 28 26.5 5511030 32 32.0 8041IO0 32 32.0 80{1030 36 36,0 {ot8

Table 5.8.2 Suggested simple span multipliers lo be used as a guide in estimating long-term cambers and deflections lor

At ereclion:

{1) Deflection (downward) component-apply to the elastic deflection due lo the componentweighl at release of prestress

(2) Camber (upward) component-apply to fhe elastic camber due to preslress at the time olrelease ol prestress

Final:

(3) Deflection (downward) component-apply to the elaslic deflection due to the compnentweighl at release of prestress

(a) Camber (upward) component-apply to the elastic camber dus to preslress at the time olrelease ol prestress

(5) Deflection (downward)--apply to elastic defleclion due to superirnposed dead load only

lo elastic defleclion caussd bv the

1,85 I 1.85

1.80 I 1 .80

2.70 I 2.40

2.45 I 2.20

3.00 I 3,00

I 2.30

prestressed components

Documents

receiver. skill? - uap-bd.edu