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Reasoning Aptitude test is designed to assess the observation power and to see how better a candidatecan think. This test contains questions of various kinds. Almost in all these tests there will be penaltyfor wrong answer, and a deduction of 25% marks for each wrong answer. The candidate is, therefore,advised to be careful in marking the answers. A candidate is expected to solve each question in about30 seconds. Questions in this test shall be set in both verbal type and non-verbal type.

Verbal Reasoning Aptitude Tests

The questions asked in this test shall comprise some of the following types :

þ Alphabetical Sequence Testsþ Analogy Tests þ Arithmetical Reasoning Testsþ Calendar Tests þ Clock Tests þ Coding and Decoding Testsþ Common Sense Tests þ Direction Sense Tests þ Finding Relations Testsþ Jumbled Word Tests þ Letter Series Tests þ Matrix Testsþ Logical Reasoning Tests þ Inductive Reasoning Tests þ Analytical Reasoning Testsþ Critical Analysis þ Number Series Tests þ Obeying Command Testsþ Odd Man Out Tests þ Placement of Letters Tests þ Placement of Numbers Testsþ Replacing Symbols Tests þ Word Finding Tests þ Miscellaneous Tests

Study the examples given below.

Alphabetical Reasoning Test : Alphabets given in this test should be arranged in an order as assumedby the examiner.Questions: (i) What comes next in the series : ACE, GIK, MOQ, ?

(ii) What comes next in the series : ZA, YB, XC, WD, ?Answers:

(i) The group of letters consists of alternate letters. Hence, the next in series will be SUW.(ii) The series contains a pair of letters one from the end in retreating order and one from the

beginning in advancing order of the alphabets. Hence, VE, will be next in series.

Analogy Test : Relationship between first pair of words is given. The same type of relationship is to beestablished in the next pair of which only one word is given.Questions: (i) Planet is to Sun as (?) is to Planet?

(ii) Punishment is to Crime as (?) is to Honesty?Answers:

(i) A planet revolves round the sun and a satellite rotates round the planet. Hence, the word satellite

is the correct solution.(ii) Punishment is given when a crime is proved and reward is given when honesty is proved. Hence,

the word reward is the correct solution.

Arithmetical Reasoning Test : In this test numbers are gives in a particular arrangement. One is tofind out the arrangement.Questions: (i) Find out the missing number in the following series : 5, 25, 125, ?

(ii) Find out the missing number in the following series : 1, 2, 5, 26, ?Answers:

(i) The second number, i.e., 25 is the square of the first, the third is the square of the second one; thefourth will, therefore, be the square of the third, i.e., 125 × 125 = 15625.

(ii) The square of the number plus one gives the next number. Hence, 1 × 1 +1 = 2; 2 × 2 +1 = 5; 5 ×5 +1 =26; and 26 × 26 +1 = 677.

Reasoning AptitudeStudy Material

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Calendar Test : In this test a candidate is expected to calculate and deduce a required day or date,taking clues from the given date or day.Questions :

(i) If 15th of April falls three days after tomorrow that is Friday, on what day will the last of the monthfall?

(ii) If 10th of the month falls on the day preceding Monday, on what day will 2nd of the month fall?Answers :

(i) From the given information, tomorrow is Friday, the 12th of April. Hence, the last of the month, i.e., 30th April will be Tuesday.

(ii) From the given information, 10th of the month is Sunday. Hence, the 2nd of the month, will beSaturday.

Clock Test : In this test a candidate is expected to calculate and deduce the angle contained by thehour and minute hands at a given time.Questions :

(i) How many degrees far will be the hour hand from the minute hand at 12 : 20 hours?(ii) What will be the distance in degrees between the minute hand and the hour hand at 9.45 a.m.?Answers :

(i) In one hour, the hour hand moves 30o,i. e., it moves half a degree every minute; whereas, minute hand makesone rotation in an hour,i. e., it moves six degrees every minute.At 12 : 20, hour hand would have moved 20 minutes, or, 10o from 12.At this time, the minute hand will be at 4.Therefore, the two hands will be 110o apart.

(ii) At 9 : 45, hour hand would have moved 45 minutes,or, 22.5o from 9.At this time, the minute hand will be at 9.Therefore, the two hands will be 22.5o apart.

Coding-Decoding Test : Certain codes are conceived of alphabets, or numbers. One is required tosolve the problem with the help of codes.Questions:

(i) If 239246 is the code for SEASON, what will be the code for SANE.(ii) If C = 3, G = 7, Z = 26, what do the numbers 13, 5, 13, 15, 18, 25 signify?Answers : (i) SANE. (ii) MEMORY.

Common Sense Tests : In this test some questions are obvious to test the common sense of thecandidates. This test does not require any preparation. Quick and sharp comprehending power alonecan help one take this test.Questions:

(i) Triangles must have angles, but this figure has no angles. Therefore, the figure must be(a) a square. (b) a circle.(c) a parallelogram. (d) two straight lines crossing each other.

(ii) When B is larger than C, X is smaller than B. But C is never larger than B. Therefore, X is(a) never larger than B. (b) never smaller than B.(c) never smaller than C. (d) smaller than C, but it may be larger than B.

Answers :

(i) The parallelograms and squares comprise triangles and they shall hence have angles. Also the twostraight lines crossing one another shall have angles. Hence, the figure shall be a circle.

(ii) We could infer from the given statements that B is the largest and X is the smallest of the 3. Hence,X is never larger than B is the answer.

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Direction Sense Tests : Study the following examples to follow the concept about directions, regionsand situations.Questions:

(i) If I walk 2 km east, turn right and go 1 km, turn right and go 1 km again, in which direction willI be from the starting point?

(ii) A man facing south-east, went 5 m, turned northwards and went another 12 m. How far is he fromthe starting point?

Answers :

(i) Look at the direction sketch given in the diagram alongside.At the end of walk, I shall be in the south-east from the starting point.

(ii) Consider the diagram given alongside.OB2 = OA2 + AB2 = 152 + 122

= 225 + 144 = 369.Therefore, OB = 13 m.Hence, the man is 13 m away from the starting point.

Finding Relations Tests : Study the following examples to follow the concept about relations tests.Questions :

(i) A and B are children of P. P is the father of A but B is not the son of P. Find the relation of B to P?(ii) If X's mother was Y's mother's daughter, how Y is related to X?Answers :

(i) It is obvious that because A and B both are P's children, if B is not a son shall be a daughter of P.(ii) Y's mother's daughter must be Y's sister and if she is X's mother, X should be niece or nephew to

Y, and Y should be X's maternal uncle.

Rearrangement of Jumbled Letters : The letters are jumbled and if properly arranged they wouldform a word.Questions: (i) Find the city hidden in these jumbled letters : EEKOORR.

(ii) Find the fruit hidden in these jumbled letters : AAGUV.Answers : (i) ROORKEE. (ii) GUAVA.

Letter Series Tests : In this type of test the candidate is expected to find the missing term in a set ofletters which follow some specific sequence.Questions : (i) Find the missing letters in the sequence : KM, NJ, –?– , TD, WA.

(ii) Find the missing letters in the series : BAT, CAR, –?– , EAN, FAL.Answers :

(i) The series is : KM, NJ, QG, TD, WA.(ii) DAP should come in the blank space to fit in the series.

Matrix Tests : In this test some numbers are written in rows and columns according to some rule. Thecandidate is expected to find the rule and deduce the value of the missing number in the given matrix.Questions:

(i) What will be the value of x in the matrix given below?2 4 163 5 x

4 6 48(ii) What will be the value of x in the matrix given below?

7 44 511 x 608 40 24

Answers:

(i) 2 × 4 = 8, 8 × 2 = 16; 3 × 5 = 15, 15 × 2 = 30; 4 × 6 = 24, 24 × 2 = 48. Hence, x = 30.(ii) 72 – 44 = 5; 112 – 61 = 60; 82 – 40 = 24. Hence, x = 61.

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