Realidades 3Realidades 3

CapCapítulo 2 Aítulo 2 A

Los Participios PasadosLos Participios Pasados

Estar + el participio pasadoEstar + el participio pasado

la pla página 79ágina 79

To form the past To form the past participle of participle of regular verbsregular verbs……

drop the –drop the –ARAR of the ––ARAR infinitive and add –ADOADO..

hablhablasustasustdecordecor

arararararar

hablhablasustasustdecordecor

(spoken)(spoken)

(frightened)(frightened)

(decorated)(decorated)

adoadoadoadoadoado

drop the –drop the –ERER of the ––ERER infinitive and add –IDOIDO..

conocconocaprendaprendperdperd

erererer

erer

conocconocaprendaprendperdperd

(known)(known)

(learned)(learned)

(lost, wasted)(lost, wasted)

idoidoidoido

idoido

drop the –drop the –IRIR of the ––IRIR infinitive and add –IDOIDO..

preferpreferdormdormirir

iriririr

irir

preferprefer

dormdorm

(preferred)(preferred)

(slept, asleep)(slept, asleep)

(gone)(gone)

idoido

idoidoidoido

Expresa el participioExpresa el participio

pasado de estos pasado de estos

verbos regulares.verbos regulares.

toctocarar

toctocadoado(played, touched)(played, touched)

11

cantcantarar

cantcantadoado(sung)(sung)

22

ddarar

ddadoado(given)(given)

33

ensayensayarar

ensayensayadoado(rehearsed)(rehearsed)

44

practicpracticarar

practicpracticadoado(practiced)(practiced)

55

sentsentarar

sentsentadoado(seated)(seated)

66

entrenentrenarar

entrenentrenadoado(trained)(trained)

77

alcanzalcanzarar

alcanzalcanzadoado(reached)(reached)

88

elimineliminarar

elimineliminadoado(eliminated)(eliminated)

99

impresionimpresionarar

impresionimpresionadoado(impressed)(impressed)

1010

apagapagarar

apagapagadoado(turned off)(turned off)

1111

animanimarar

animanimadoado(excited)(excited)

1212

preocuppreocuparar

preocuppreocupadoado(worried, preoccupied)(worried, preoccupied)

1313

ocupocuparar

ocupocupadoado(busy, occupied)(busy, occupied)

1414

cerrcerrarar

cerrcerradoado(closed)(closed)

1515

paspasarar

paspasadoado(passed;happened)(passed;happened)

1616

comcomerer

comcomidoido(eaten)(eaten)

1717

sucedsucederer

sucedsucedidoido(happened)(happened)

1818

aparecaparecerer

aparecaparecidoido(appeared)(appeared)

1919

tentenerer

tentenidoido(had)(had)

2020

obtenobtenerer

obtenobtenidoido(obtained, gotten)(obtained, gotten)

2121

encendencenderer

encendencendidoido(turned on;lit)(turned on;lit)

2222

torctorcerer

torctorcidoido(twisted, sprained)(twisted, sprained)

2323

vencvencerer

vencvencidoido(beaten;fought)(beaten;fought)

2424

podpoderer

podpodidoido(been able)(been able)

2525

salsalirir

salsalidoido(left, gone out, come out)(left, gone out, come out)

2626

influinfluirir

influinfluidoido(influenced)(influenced)

2727

destrudestruirir

destrudestruidoido(destroyed)(destroyed)

2828

aplaudaplaudirir

aplaudaplaudidoido(applauded)(applauded)

2929

pedpedirir

pedpedidoido(asked for, requested)(asked for, requested)

3030

servservirir

servservidoido(served)(served)

3131

vestvestirir

vestvestidoido(dressed)(dressed)

3232

aburraburririr

aburraburridoido(estar aburrido = to be bored;(estar aburrido = to be bored; ser aburrido = to be boring)ser aburrido = to be boring)

3333

seguseguirir

seguseguidoido(followed;continued)(followed;continued)

3434

irir

idoido(gone)(gone)

3535

Irregular Past ParticiplesIrregular Past Participles

Unfortunately, these Unfortunately, these must be must be memorizedmemorized..

abrirabrir

abiertoabierto (open, opened)(open, opened)

3636

ponerponer

puestopuesto (put, placed, set)(put, placed, set)

3737

hacerhacer

hechohecho (done, made)(done, made)

3838

romperromper

rotoroto (broken)(broken)

3939

decirdecir

dichodicho (said, told)(said, told)

4040

verver

vistovisto (seen)(seen)

4141

volvervolver

vueltovuelto (returned ((returned (to a placeto a place))))

4242

devolverdevolver

devueltodevuelto (returned ((returned (an iteman item))))

4343

resolverresolver

resueltoresuelto (resolved, solved)(resolved, solved)

4444

morirmorir

muertomuerto (died, dead)(died, dead)

4545

escribirescribir

escritoescrito (written)(written)

4646

inscribirinscribir

inscritoinscrito (registered, signed up)(registered, signed up)

4747

descubrirdescubrir

descubiertodescubierto (discovered)(discovered)

4848

OOften past ften past participles are used participles are used as as adjectives.adjectives.

RRemember that emember that adjectives adjectives modify nouns…modify nouns…

……and must agree and must agree in in 1. 1. gender and gender and 2. 2. number with number with the noun.the noun.

These adjectives are These adjectives are highly descriptive, highly descriptive, and are placed and are placed after after the modified the modified noun.noun.

una puerta abiertauna puerta abierta

an open (ed) dooran open (ed) door

4949

unas tareas escritasunas tareas escritas

some written assignmentssome written assignments

5050

el libro preferidoel libro preferido

the preferredthe preferred

(favorite) book(favorite) book

5151

los nilos niños animadosños animados

the excited childrenthe excited children

5252

¡A ti te toca!¡A ti te toca!Your turn!Your turn!

Expresa en espaExpresa en español loñol lo

siguiente…siguiente…

a decorated rooma decorated room un cuarto decoradoun cuarto decorado una sala decoradauna sala decorada una habitaciuna habitación ón decoradadecorada

5353

the solved the solved problemproblem

el problema resueltoel problema resuelto

5454

the past weekthe past week

la semana pasadala semana pasada

5555

the written the written assignmentassignment

la tarea escritala tarea escrita

5656

the broken potterythe broken pottery

la cerla cerámica rotaámica rota

5757

an inspired workan inspired work

una obra inspiradauna obra inspirada

5858

some seated some seated studentsstudents

unos (algunos) estudiantes unos (algunos) estudiantes sentadossentados

unas (algunas) estudiantes unas (algunas) estudiantes sentadassentadas

5959

The past participle is often used with The past participle is often used with estarestar to describe conditions that are the to describe conditions that are theresult of a previous action, result of a previous action, temporary condition, location or temporary condition, location or emotional state.emotional state.

The past participle agrees with the The past participle agrees with the subject in 1. gender and 2. number.subject in 1. gender and 2. number.

The painter is seated.The painter is seated.

El pintor estEl pintor está sentado.á sentado.

modelos:modelos:

The walls are painted.The walls are painted.Las paredes están pintadas.Las paredes están pintadas.

6060

Expresa en espaExpresa en español:ñol:

The problem is solved.The problem is solved.

El problema estEl problema está resuelto.á resuelto.

6161

El problema estabaEl problema estaba

resueltoresuelto..

The problem was The problem was solved.solved.

6262

La tienda estLa tienda está abierta.á abierta.

The store is open.The store is open.6363

La tienda estLa tienda está cerrada.á cerrada.

The store is closed.The store is closed.6464

Las estatuas estLas estatuas están án

rotas.rotas.

The statues are The statues are broken.broken.

6565

Everyone is bored.Everyone is bored.

Todos estTodos están aburridos.án aburridos.Todo el mundo está aburrido.Todo el mundo está aburrido.

6666

The lights were The lights were turned on.turned on.

Las luces estabanLas luces estaban

encendidasencendidas..

6767

The lights were The lights were turned off.turned off.

Las luces estabanLas luces estaban

apagadasapagadas..

6868

The room is The room is decorated.decorated.

El cuarto estEl cuarto está decorado.á decorado.La sala está decorada.La sala está decorada.La habitación está decorada.La habitación está decorada.

6969

The students were The students were asleep.asleep.

Los estudiantes Los estudiantes

estaban dormidosestaban dormidos..

7070

The gifts were hidden.The gifts were hidden.

Los regalos estabanLos regalos estaban

escondidosescondidos..

7171

The money was lost.The money was lost.

El dinero estaba perdidoEl dinero estaba perdido..

7272

I was busy.I was busy.

Estaba ocupado (a)Estaba ocupado (a)..

7373

We were worried.We were worried.

EstEstáábamos preocupados (as)bamos preocupados (as)..

7474

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