Real Lessons in IPP Management

Real Lessons in IPP ManagementJeff Landers & Jake Bruggink

Introduction

• Main goals of an IPP

• Case Study: Village of Homer

• Case Study: Village of Three Oaks

• Sewer Use Ordinance vs. IPP

• When do you need an IPP?

• When should you consider an IPP?

• IPP Management Lessons

2 5/17/2019 Jeff Landers, P.E. & Jake Bruggink, EIT

Main Goals of an IPP


• Industrial Pretreatment Program

• IPP Goals: To protect municipal treatment plants and the environment, the Pretreatment Program requires industrial dischargers to use treatment techniques and management practices to reduce or eliminate the discharge of harmful pollutants to sanitary sewers.

Image by EGLE (Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy) retrieved from https://www.michigan.gov/egle/0,9429,7-135-3313_71618_3682_3683_3721-270393--,00.html

https://www.michigan.gov/egle/0,9429,7-135-3313_71618_3682_3683_3721-270393--,00.html



• Industrial Pretreatment Program, part of US EPA Clean Water Act

• IPP Goals: To municipal treatment plants and the environment, the Pretreatment Program requires industrial dischargers to use treatment techniques and practices to reduce or eliminate the discharge of harmful pollutants to sanitary sewers.

• Key Program Objectives• Personnel Safety (dangerous or explosive environment)

• Sanitary System Protection (interference)

• Environment (pass-through)

• Best Management Practices• Sampling Program

• Discharge Limits

• Surcharge Schedule

Image by EGLE (Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy) retrieved from https://www.michigan.gov/egle/0,9429,7-135-3313_71618_3682_3683_3721-270393--,00.html




• Industrial Pretreatment Program, part of US EPA Clean Water Act

• IPP Goals: To municipal treatment plants and the environment, the Pretreatment Program requires industrial dischargers to use treatment techniques and practices to reduce or eliminate the discharge of harmful pollutants to sanitary sewers.

• Key Program Objectives• Safety

• Sanitary System Protection

• Environment/Pass-through

• Best Management Practices• Sampling Program

• Discharge Limits

• Surcharge Schedule

• Developed, maintained, & enforced by the MunicipalityImage by EGLE (Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy) retrieved from https://www.michigan.gov/egle/0,9429,7-135-3313_71618_3682_3683_3721-270393--,00.html


Case Study: Village of Homer• 150,000 gpd average influent

• Two aeration cells for primary treatment followed by three stabilization cells

• Seasonal discharge to the Kalamazoo River


Case Study: Village of Homer

• SAW Grant for AMP and CIP

• Improvement Project• Aeration Upgrade• 2MG Desludging• Level Indicator Replacement• Liner Repairs






Case Study: Village of HomerPrevious Contamination History

• 1994-1996 Drake Mechanical Pretreatment Non-Compliance

• 1996-1998 Contaminated Sludge Removal – Zinc and Cadmium

• 1997-1998 Drake Mechanical shuts down operation

• 2005 Stabilization Pond 1 Desludged – No Contamination Found

• Past Conclusions Drawn:• Drake Mechanical is out of the system + Ponds Clean = No issues in the future



• Desludging estimates increased by 5x

• Risk of Stabilization Cell Contamination

• Forensic System Sampling - Unknowns

• Reinstatement of IPP

Case Study: Homer, IPP Management Impacts

Case Study: Village of Three Oaks• Facultative treatment lagoons system

• 3 cell system

• 110,ooo GPD Average Influent

• General Permit with seasonal discharge

• Increasing influent wastewater strength• Possible high strength waste contributor

• Deteriorating lagoon conditions

• Isolated NPDES permit violations

• No existing IPP


Case Study: Village of Three Oaks• Wastewater Treatment

Capacity Evaluation

• IPP Investigation


Case Study: Three Oaks, Influent Testing


ParameterDesign

Concentration (mg/L)

Sept. 2017Influent Testing

(mg/L)


(mg/L)

BOD 200 1442 446

TSS 250 258 154

Phosphorous 11 6.6 6.7

Ammonia 30 41.6 33

Treatment Lagoons Design Capacity vs. Influent Testing



ParameterDesign



(mg/L)


(mg/L)

BOD 200 1442 446

TSS 250 258 154


Ammonia 30 41.6 33


• High strength influent wastewater • Significant user stopped discharge

prior to 2018 testing



ParameterDesign



(mg/L)


(mg/L)

BOD 200 1442 446

TSS 250 258 154


Ammonia 30 41.6 33




• No IPP or flow testing requirements• Exact user discharges unknown

• No surcharges could be collected on high strength flows



ParameterDesign



(mg/L)


(mg/L)

BOD 200 1442 446

TSS 250 258 154


Ammonia 30 41.6 33




• No IPP or flow testing requirements• Exact user discharges unknown

• No surcharges could be collected on high strength flows

• Overloaded facultative lagoon system. • Low dissolved oxygen levels

• Treatment issues

• Isolated NPDES Permit violations

• Treatment system expansion • Aeration system to be added

• System updates/renovations

• USDA Rural Development

• Individual NPDES Permit needed

• Village IPP development• System User Evaluation

• User questionnaire sent out

• Determination of user discharge/classification

• Developing user sampling requirements

• Surcharge Schedules & Rate Structure


Case Study: Three Oaks, Next Steps

Case Study: Three Oaks, IPP Management Impacts


• No sampling program

• Treatment system overloaded

• Likely accelerated infrastructure deterioration

• Missed surcharge revenue

• Treatment expansion project

• Damaged relationships

Sewer Use Ordinance vs. Industrial Pretreatment Program




• Domestic sewage treatment

• Applicable to all system users

• Limits based on typical domestic values

• Sampling users not typical

• General compliance & regulatory language, surcharge/fee schedule not typical.



• Domestic sewage treatment

• Applicable to all system users

• Limits based on typical domestic values

• Sampling users not typical

• General compliance & regulatory language, surcharge/fee schedule not typical.

• Non-typical pollutant treatment

• Classifies users based on facility description and/or discharge strength

• Limits based on available treatment system capacity

• Contains additional compliance & regulatory language including flow monitoring and surcharge schedules

When do you need an IPP?

• Who is in your system? (SIU & CIU)

• An Industrial User is an SIU if it:A. Is subject to categorical pretreatment standards

under 40 CFR 403.6 and 40 CFR chapter I, subchapter N;

B. Discharges an average of 25,000 gpd or more of process wastewater to the POTW (excluding sanitary, noncontact cooling, and boiler blowdown wastewater);

C. Contributes a process waste-stream that makes up 5 percent or more of the average dry-weather hydraulic or organic capacity of the POTW treatment plant;

D. Is designated as such by the POTW on the basis that the IU has a reasonable potential for adversely affecting the POTW's operation or for violating any pretreatment standard or requirement [in accordance with 40 CFR 403.8(f)(6)].

• A CIU is an SIU (A. above), but an SIU is not always a CIU.


When should you consider an IPP? • Treatment Capacity/Ability

• Historical Issues• Contamination• High Strength Waste• Slug Loading• Damaged Equipment

• Who is in your system? (SIUs)• Specific User Limits • Future system planning

• Red flags in your system?• Slime/growth• Odors• Colors• Corrosion• Low D.O.


Management Lessons

• Know your Local Limits and Current Ordinance.

• Know who is in your system? SIUs and/or CIUs.

• Find out about any past issues.

• Know your system’s treatment capacity/ability.

• Lay out future system planning.

• Anticipate the need for a system user surcharge.

• Develop or update an IPP to protect your system, your users, and the environment.


Management Lessons

• Know your Local Limits and Current Ordinance.

• Know who is in your system? SIUs and/or CIUs.

• Find out about any past issues.

• Know your system’s treatment capacity/ability.

• Lay out future system planning.

• Anticipate the need for a system user surcharge.

• Develop or update an IPP to protect your system, your users, and the environment.

• Test! Test! Test!


Questions?

27 5/17/2019

Jake Bruggink, EIT

Project Engineer

[email protected]

(616) 363-9801

Jeff S. Landers, PE

Project Engineer

[email protected]

(616) 363-9801

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Documents

Real Lessons in IPP Management