R&D DATA PRODUCTION ON SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES (SSH) –

EUROSTAT METHODOLOGY AND PRACTICE

Reni Petkova - EUROSTAT

14 September 2010

INTRODUCTION

METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK

DATA REQUIREMENTS

DATA AVAILABILITY

DATA QUALITY

DATA ACCESS

RESULTS / RECENT DATA

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METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK

HARMONISED R&D CONCEPTS, DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATIONS FRASCATI MANUAL (OECD, 2002) - Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on R&D

http://www.oecd.org/document/6/0,3343,en_2649_34451_33828550_1_1_1_1,00.html

SSH - incorporated in the third edition (OECD, 1976), adopted in 1974

New sub-section 2.4.2. Identifying R&D in SSH - included in the sixth edition (OECD, 2002)

FOS classification - Table 3.2 in FM (2002)

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METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK

REVISED FOS CLASSIFICATION (FOS 2007)

At 1-digit level:

- no change (continuity of time series)

At 2-digits level:

- split of categories ‘other’ of SSH into several sub-categories

- detailed description of the content of the categories

FOS 2007 - available on Eurostat's Metadata Server RAMON

http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ramon/nomenclatures/index.cfm?TargetUrl=LST_NOM&StrLanguageCode=EN&IntFamilyCode=

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DATA REQUIREMENTS EU LEGAL BASE

Framework legal act: Decision № 1608/2003/EC of the EP and of the Council concerning the production and development of Community statistics on S&T

Legal implementation measure: Commission Regulation № 753/2004 implementing Decision № 1608/2003/EC as regards statistics on S&T

List of R&D indicators; status of the indicators (obligatory/ optional); breakdowns; classifications; measurement units (HC, FTE, mio national currency); periodicity; timeliness

VOLUNTARY DATA COLLECTION

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FOS Sectors GERDR&D

PERSONNELRESEARCHERS

1-DIGIT FOS

GOV, HES Optional (R&D Regulation)biennially

HC: Obligatory (R&D Regulation)by sex; four yearly

FTE: Optional (R&D Regulation)by sex, biennially

TOTAL, BES, PNP Voluntary HC and FTE: Voluntary; by sex

2-DIGITS FOS

TOTAL, BES, GOV, HES, PNP Voluntary -

HC: Voluntary; by sex

DATA REQUIREMENTS

INPUT R&D INDICATORS ON SSH

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DATA REQUIREMENTS

STANDARDISED APPROACH FOR DATA COLLECTION

JOINT OECD/EUROSTAT HARMONISED R&D QUESTIONNAIRE

Goes beyond the requirements of EU legal base - Incorporation of 2-digits FOS 2007 Data validation rules in place within the questionnaire Confidential data provision Received from 33 countries: 27 MSs; HR,TR, CH, IS, NO and RU DATA SOURCES IN MEMBER STATES

Sample/census surveys, administrative sources or others of equivalent quality, or their mixtures, subsidiary principle

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FOS Sectors GERD R&D PERSONNEL RESEARCHERS

1-DIGIT FOS

GOV 24 MS + 4 OthersHC 24 MS + 3 Others HC 24 MS + 4 Others

FTE 24 MS + 3 Others FTE 22 MS + 2 Others

HES 24 MS + 6 OthersHC 22 MS + 4 Others HC 23 MS + 4 Others

FTE 23 MS + 4 Others FTE 23 MS + 3 Others

TOTAL, BES, PNP 14 MS + 4 Others

HC 13 MS + 2 Others HC 12 MS + 4 Others

FTE 13 MS + 3 Others FTE 13 MS + 2 Others

2-DIGITS FOS

GOV 7 MS + 1 Others HC - HC 6 MS + 1 Others

HES 7 MS + 2 Others HC - HC 6 MS + 2 Others

TOTAL, BES, PNP 4 MS + 1 Others HC - HC 4 MS + 1 Others

R&D DATA AVAILABILITY ON SSH

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Based on March 2010 R&D data collection

MAJOR GAPS

At 1-digit of FOS

GOV and HES: Few missing countries

BES and PNP: Incomplete data (half of the EU MSs)

No estimates available for EU-27 aggregates

At 2-digits of FOS

GOV and HES: Partial data (¼ of the EU MSs)

BES and PNP: Scarce data (4 EU MSs)

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MAJOR GAPS

HC vs FTE Total vs gender breakdown Obligatory vs optional indicators

Low frequency of data provision (four yearly, biennially)

Old (not updated) data for few countries (2002/2003)

Missing data for the past years (short time series) for some countries

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No significant difference in data availability

MAJOR GAPS

EUROSTAT COMPLIANCE MONITORING PROCESS

Evaluation of completeness and timeliness of the R&D data obligatory required under Commission Regulation № 753/2004

Annual compliance monitoring reports presented at the Working Group Meetings on S&T&I

Letters of complaints to the Member States in case of defaults

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DATA QUALITY

EUROSTAT QUALITY MONITORING AND EVALUATION PROCESS

Eurostat software tool for reporting and disseminating electronically

R&D metadata and quality information

National Quality Reports on R&D statistics

Deviations from FM recommendations / Quality drawbacks

- SSH surveyed as one common category

- Coverage inconsistency (inclusion of ‘Psychology’ and ‘Educational sciences’ in ‘Humanities’)

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DATA ACCESS

WHERE TO FIND R&D STATISTICS on SSH?

EUROSTAT DATABASE theme Science and Technology

http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/statistics/search_database

Time series since 1980 37 countries: 27 MSs; HR,TR,CH,IS,NO,RU,

US, CN, JP and KR

PUBLICATIONS

Statistical Book on S&T&I

Pocketbook on S&T&I

Statistics in Focus

News releasehttp://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/publications/recently_published

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EUROSTAT WEBPAGE

STATISTICS EXPLAINED category Science and Technology http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Category:Science_and_technology

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GERD IN GOV BY FIELDS OF SCIENCE - 2007

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GERD IN HES BY FIELDS OF SCIENCE - 2007

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RESEARCHERS (HC) IN GOV BY FIELDS OF SCIENCE - 2007

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RESEARCHERS (HC) IN HES BY FIELDS OF SCIENCE - 2007