45
Rangeland Rangeland Productivity Productivity

Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    4

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Rangeland Rangeland ProductivityProductivity

Page 2: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores
Page 3: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores
Page 4: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores
Page 5: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

GrassNPP 500 g/m2

125 g/m2 5 g/m2

Roots 250 g/m2

Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m21 g/m2

Herbivores Predators

Soil/decomposers

Respiration 60 g/m2 Respiration 4 g/m2

Respiration 336 g/m2

Energy flow in a simplified grassland ecosystem(grams dry matter/m2/year)

Page 6: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Productivity and diversity Productivity and diversity relationships among biomesrelationships among biomes

BiomeBiome g Biomass/m2/yr g C/m2/yr Biodiversityg Biomass/m2/yr g C/m2/yr Biodiversity

Tropical ForestTropical Forest 19001900 850850 very highvery highTemperate ForestTemperate Forest 12501250 550550 mediummediumSavannaSavanna 900900 400400 mediummediumBoreal ForestBoreal Forest 800800 350350 lowlowMediterranean Mediterranean ShrublandShrubland 700700 300300 mediummediumTemperate GrasslandTemperate Grassland 600600 250250 mediummediumTundraTundra 150150 7070 lowlowDesertDesert 9090 4040 lowlowCultivatedCultivated 650650 300300 very lowvery lowWetlandsWetlands 20002000 900900 lowlowLakesLakes 250250 110110 lowlow

Page 7: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores
Page 8: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores
Page 9: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Patagonian steppePatagonian steppe

Page 10: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

PerennialPerennial--dominated Coastal Prairie dominated Coastal Prairie at Point at Point MolateMolate

Page 11: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

MesicMesic Valley Grassland in Valley Grassland in northeastern San Joaquin Valleynortheastern San Joaquin Valley

Page 12: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Bluebunch wheatgrass grassland, Oregon

Page 13: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

StonemanStoneman MeadowMeadow

Page 14: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Panicum turgidum “grassland” Mali

Page 15: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores
Page 16: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

East African savannaEast African savanna

Page 17: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Californian oak woodlandCalifornian oak woodland

Page 18: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Elephants in Acacia savanna

Page 19: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Elephants in former Acacia savannaElephants in former Acacia savanna

Page 20: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores
Page 21: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores
Page 22: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Spanish HeatherSpanish Heather

Page 23: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores
Page 24: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores
Page 25: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Mojave desert Mojave desert shrublandshrubland

Page 26: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Rhanterium shrubland in Arabian Desert

Page 27: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Joshua tree woodland, Mojave Desert

Page 28: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Mojave River

Page 29: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Waterbuck at Kenyan Lakeshore

Page 30: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores
Page 31: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Alpine grasslandAlpine grassland

Page 32: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Alpine landscapePyrenees

Page 33: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Subalpine shrublandPatagonia

Page 34: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Willows along river, Mount Fairweather Alaska

Page 35: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Seasonal and yearly variationsSeasonal and yearly variations

George, M., J.W. Bartolome, N. George, M., J.W. Bartolome, N. McDougaldMcDougald, M. , M. Connor, C. Vaughn, and G. Connor, C. Vaughn, and G. MarkegardMarkegard. 2001. . 2001. Annual range forage production. Univ. Calif. Annual range forage production. Univ. Calif. Div. Agric. Nat. Res. Rangeland Management Div. Agric. Nat. Res. Rangeland Management Series Pub 8018. 9p.Series Pub 8018. 9p.George, M., G. George, M., G. NaderNader, N. , N. McDougaldMcDougald, M. , M. Connor, B. Frost. 2001. Annual rangeland . Connor, B. Frost. 2001. Annual rangeland . forage quality. Univ. Calif. Div. Agric. Nat. Res. forage quality. Univ. Calif. Div. Agric. Nat. Res. Rangeland Management Series Pub 8022. 13p.Rangeland Management Series Pub 8022. 13p.

Page 36: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

Oct Dec Feb Apr Jun

Stan

din

g C

rop Live

Dead

Seasonal changes in above-ground biomass

Page 37: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

HoplandHopland OctoberOctoberRight grazed, left Right grazed, left ungrazedungrazed

Page 38: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

NovemberNovember

Page 39: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

DecemberDecember

Page 40: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

JanuaryJanuary

Page 41: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

FebruaryFebruary

Page 42: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

MarchMarch

Page 43: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

AprilApril

Page 44: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

MayMay

Page 45: Rangeland Productivitynature.berkeley.edu/classes/espm-186/Unit_I_files... · Productivity. Grass NPP 500 g/m2 125 g/m2 5 g/m2 Roots 250 g/m2 Litter 125 g/m2 60 g/m2 1 g/m2 Herbivores

JuneJune