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Gavà-Dunes Restoration Project
Carme Bladé, Josep Lascurain & Ramon Vallejo
Management of Metropolitan Dune Ecosystems, 15 November 2010
Pine plantations early 20th century: dune stabilisationReduction of sediment discharge in the Llobregat deltaPeriurban development – secondary housing - tourismModification of marine currents – coast infraestructuresSea pollution: marine spray impacts
Gavamar
Second project 1998-2000 CENTRAL MARFirst project 1991-1992 LES MARINES Gavamar
1949
A short fore dune system
But a good diversity in grey dunes
First Project: The construction of the promenade 1990-1992 A small transformation
1991
1991
Ammophila arenaria transplantation
1990
2010
1992
2010
1961
2006
Vegetated dune area also increased
ALBATROS camp site 1984
GAVÀ CENTRAL MAR
Compensation
Rehabilitation
Coastal
ecosystems
Campsite
Semi-natural ecosystem + Promenade
The project
N. Abad, 2000
Fuente: www.gavamar.com
Gavà Mar beach 1989
The second project 1998-2000: Continuation ot the promenade on the old campsite
Specific problems- Flat topography- Alloctonous soil (fine textured, stony)- Lack of characteristic dune species- Dominance of ruderals & ornamentals
Impact of polluted marine aerosol
Movingsands
Fixed dunes
Interdunardepression
Tamarix woodlands
Sclerophyllous shrublands& juniper and pine woodlands
The technical project
• Elimination of alloctonous soil• Creation of dune topography using underlying sand• (Construction of the promenade pathways)• Sand traps on the front dune• Plantation and seeding of dune species• (short-term monitoring)
Ammophila arenaria
Gavà Mar in 2000: Restoration project finished
1986
1961
19862006
Good stablishment of most of dune species ….
2004
With the exception of most shrubs and trees
April 2004
Pistacia lentiscus
March 2009
Juniperus macrocarpa
Rosmarinus officinalis
Tamarix africana
Few Ammophila arenaria remainingMay 2010
March 2009
Beach cleaning
Fore dune fixation by the pavement
Feb. 2010
Exotic species
species hábitat frequencyaverage
cover
Carpobrotusedulis
indward 1/14 62.5 %
Arcthotecacalendula
windward, crest andleeward
3/14 30. 4 %
Oenotherabiennis
depression 3/12 37.5 %
Cortaderiasellonana
depression 6/12 32.5 %
species hábitat frequencyaverage
cover
Carpobrotusedulis
indward 1/14 62.5 %
Arcthotecacalendula
windward, crest andleeward
3/14 30. 4 %
Oenotherabiennis
depression 3/12 37.5 %
Cortaderiasellonana
depression 6/12 32.5 %
M. C.de Araujo, 2010
windward
Ruderals still there, May 2010
RUDERALIZATIONbutPositive visitors’ perception of the dune ecosystems in the promenade
Certainties and uncertainties
• To some extent: learning by doing
⇒ Adaptive restoration required
• Public awareness and involvement are critical components of restoration– Especially in perurban, highly used areas
• What doing next? – addressing identified limitations to the sand dune
ecosystem dynamics: small, focused experiments