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Smart LNMIIT Campus Project report submitted in Completion of

Internship on topic Smart LNMIIT Campus In

Electronics &

Communication Engineering By Rajat Bandejiya 14uec076 bandejiyar@gmail.com

Under Guidance of Prof. Ravi Gorthi Assistant Prof. Purnendu karmakar, Associate Prof. Sakhti Balan

Department Of Electronics and Communication and engineering

The LNM Institute of Information Technology,

Jaipur

July, 2016

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The LNM Institute of Information Technology

Jaipur, India

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Internship work entitled Smart LNMIIT Campus ,submitted by Rajat Bandejiya (14uec076) in fulfillment of the Internship, is a bonafide record of work carried out by him at the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jaipur, (Rajasthan) India, during Summer Vacation’ 2017 under my supervision and guidance.

Date Prof. Ravi Gorthi ___________________________ Assistant Prof. Purnendu karmakar, ____________________________ Associate Prof. Sakhti Balan

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Acknowledgments

I would like to express my special appreciation and thanks to my advisor Assistant

Professor Purnendu Karmakar Sir, who has been an incredible mentor for me. I

would like to thank him for encouraging my project, for his precious time with

thoughtful discussion and his helping hand during many tough phases throughout

this Internship.

I am also grateful to Prof. Ravi Gorthi Sir and Associate Prof. Sakhti Balan Sir for his

perpetual encouragement, generous help and inspiring guidance in my project.

I would also like to express thanks to all the other faculty members and staff of the

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering , The LNM Institute of

Information Technology, Jaipur (Raj.) for their generous help in various ways which

helped me in the completion of this project.

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Abstract

The explosive growth of the “Internet of Things” is changing our world and the rapid

drop in price for typical IoT components is allowing people to innovate new designs,

products at home and current components of typical IoT devices for the future. IoT

design considerations, constraints and interfacing between the physical world and

devices is changing Our lifestyle.

So, while people are changing the lifestyle, Government Is Also Involving in IOT by

Bringing the Projects likes Smart Cities. So Working for the Project Smart LNMIIT

Campus as an Intern can work as a Strong foundation to grab an opportunity in the

real projects like smart cities.

In this project I have used Intel Galileo development board for have some

computational power and Thingspeak.com for cloud computing.

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(V)

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Contents

Chapter Page

1. Introduction:- 7 1.1 Importance of Internet Of Things(IoT) 7 1.2 The Technological Trends That led IoT as a buzzword Nowadays 8

2. Literature Survey:- 9

2.1Referance 9 2.2About Project 10 2.2Problem Statement 10

3. Methodology:- 11

3.1Components Used 11 3.2Reason Why I Chose Intel Galileo 13 3.3Methods to Proceed 16 3.3.1 Steps that I prefer to Start with my development board 16

3.3.2 steps to connect the board with wifi 19 3.3.3 Method to connect the humidity sensor with board 20 3.3.4 Data Visualisation for analog sensor over Web using 20

Cloud Services

4. Results and Conclusion:- 21

5. Bibliography:- 22 6. Appendix 23

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Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1 Importance of Internet of Things (IoT).

It is hard to imagine life without Internet – you have come to rely on it so much – for

your work to stay in touch with family and friends, to capture and share those special

moments, to check nearby your way around in a new neighbourhood. Did you ever

wonder how and when all this happened?

Or how and when sensors came to be in your cell phone? The Internet is a huge

platform for exchanging information, which has completely revolutionized the world.

So We Can use Internet as a very useful asset for our work.

Now think if we can use Internet with Sensors connected with some Development

board (any Embedded System) i.e. we connect every Computational powers with

each other from the world, it is said that about 20,000 crore devices will be

connected till year 2020 this can actually change or Revolutionize the world that is

why IOT is the Closest Emerging technology and so working and gaining knowledge

can make us to help and solve the problems of society a Lot.

IOT is all about three things:-

1.) Any Computational power which is provided by embedded systems

2.) Any Cloud Service either may be Cloud Computing or Cloud Storage

3.) And Last but Most Important is Networking.

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1.2) The technological trends that led IoT as a buzzword nowadays

I. COST

Well there was a time of 1940s when a computer ENIAC of size as big as

your room costs about $500,000 but know a laptop which is much, much

powerful than ENIAC is so much handy and costs less than $500, so

computational power is so much cheap nowadays that is the reason market is

working in this field a lot

2. HARDWARE SIZE

In 1940s ENIAC Computer Of that time was Not able to fit into anything as

was as big as Our room and nowadays we are having great computational

power in our hands.

3. COMPUTATIONAL ABILITY

Computational power has grown dramatically as Nowadays Audio processing,

Network Communication requires a great computational power which was

unable those days

4. CLOCK RATE

Computational Speed Has Increased Dramatically according to moore’s law

which states the number of transistors per square inch on integrated circuits

had doubled every year since the integrated circuit was invented.

5. INTERNET ACCESS

This is the most important aspect why many research are going on in IOT and

IoT is said to be emerging technology and Market is coming to have a dive in

the ocean of IoT.

In 1940s there was No Internet or Connectivity, No Networking, Now it is

exists and is also reachable in different parts of world.

Internet Connection makes IOT easy and Possible

6. DATA COST

Now internet is that much cheap that a lot people can afford it.

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Chapter 2

Literature Survey

2.1 Reference

Research Papers:-

1) Wireless sensors in agriculture and food industry- Recent development and future perspective This paper presents an overview on recent development of wireless sensor technologies and standards for wireless communications as applied to wireless sensors. Examples of wireless sensors and sensor networks applied in agriculture and food production for environmental monitoring, precision agriculture. REFERANCE:- http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168169905001572

2) Embracing the Internet Of Everything To Capture the Share of $14.4 trillion(By CISCO) This Paper Is published By Cisco which Shows Why IOT is the Future REFERANCE :-

https://www.dropbox.com/s/vxp24vcstsqlji1/ioe-economy-insights.pdf?dl=0

3) Hardware-Software Codesign of embedded systems

This Paper Discusses The Importance of Embedded Systems and Design REFERANCE:- https://drive.google.com/a/lnmiit.ac.in/file/d/0BzNhMhwiU4H-dXJrTWROWnM0QWM/view?usp=sharing But above research papers were failed to address how to proceed practically. They provide the research work and knowledge but was not able to give the practical knowledge about how to apply which I solved In and shown in this report.

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2.2 About Project Project Is all about IOT (Internet Of Things).In this Project while having a vision of Smart campus We had to make temperature Mapping System. Which can actually Map the temperature i.e. can tell at what location what was the temperature of any moving or stationary thing. And after sensing the temperature we can further Visualise the Data via Cloud Computing (Middleware) over the web. We can use this same system for knowing the temperature in the sky by placing the same system on the Quadcopter. We can use the same project in the agriculture by using the humidity sensor with any other development board. For example this project can be use for automatic irrigation pump which can switch on and off according to the water requirement of the field We can use the same project for the sprinklers in gardens. For example if we want that a particular sprinkler should on or off according to the humidity present in the field. The main requirement are a humidity sensor with a Development board

PROBLEM STATEMENT:- Well the problem is to sense the analog data from environment and visualise

the data via some cloud computing service(Thingspeak.com)

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Chapter 3 Methodology 3.1) Components Used Intel Galileo Development Board

Fig 3.1

Referance: https://communities.intel.com/servlet/...102-1.../Galileo_GettingStarted_329685_005.pdf .

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Starter Kit For Intel Galileo / Intel Edison

Fig 3.2

Referance:- http://www.seeedstudio.com/item_detail.html?p_id=1978

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Fig 3.3

3.2) Reason Why I Chose Intel Galileo The Reason I chose Intel Galileo Was—

Intel and Arduino’s announcement about the new Galileo board is big news. It’s a

Linux-based board that I’ve found to be remarkably compatible with the Arduino

ecosystem based on my first few steps with a prerelease version of the board. Here

are some of the best features of this groundbreaking collaboration between Intel and

Arduino

Shield Compatibility

The expansion header on the top of Galileo should look familiar since it’s compatible

with 5V and 3.3V Arduino shields designed for the Uno R3 (also known as the

Arduino 1.0 pinout). This means that it has 14 digital I/O pins, 6 analog inputs, a

serial port, and an ICSP header.

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Familiar IDE

The Intel-provided integrated development environment for the Galileo looks exactly

like the Arduino IDE on the surface. Under the Boards menu, you’ll see addition of

the Galileo under “Arduino X86 Boards.” The modified IDE also is capable of

upgrading the firmware on the board.

Ethernet Library Compatibility

Using the Ethernet port on the board is as simple as using Arduino’s Ethernet library.

I was able to get a HTTP connection to Google without even modifying the standard

WebClient example.

Real Time Clock

Most Linux boards rely on a connection to the Internet to get the current date and

time. But with Galileo’s on-board RTC (real time clock), you’ll be able to track time

even when the board is powered off. Just wire up a 3.0V coin cell battery to the

board.

Works with PCI Express Mini Cards

On the bottom of the board is an expansion slot for PCI Express Mini cards. This

means you can connect WiFi, Bluetooth, GSM cards for connectivity, or even a solid

state drive for more storage. When you connect a WiFi card, it will work with

Arduino’s Wifi library.

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USB Host Port

Galileo’s dedicated USB On-The-Go port will let you use the the Arduino USB Host

library to act as a keyboard or mouse for other computers.

MicroSD Support

If you want to store data, a microSD card slot is accessible from your code by using

the standard Arduino SD card library.

TWI/I2C, SPI Support

Using the standard Arduino Wire library or SPI library, you can connect TWI/I2C or

SPI components to the Galileo.

Serial Connectivity

Not only is there the typical serial port for your sketches on pins 0 and 1 of the

Arduino pinout, but there’s also a separate serial port for connecting to the Linux

command line from your computer. You’ll connect to it through the audio jack

interconnect next to the Ethernet port. This port is only used for serial.

Linux on Board

A very light distribution of Linux is loaded onto the 8 MB of flash memory. If you want

to use tools like ALSA (for sound), V4L2 (for video input), Python, SSH, node.js (for

web projects), and openCV (for computer vision), you can boot Galileo from an SD

card image that Intel provides. Which gives it a great power

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3.3) Method to Proceed

3.3.1)Steps That I prefer To Start with My Development Board Are as Followed:-

I) Connect the Intel Galileo Board.

Get a Intel Galileo Development Board and a Data Cable. The kit contains: • 1x Intel® Galileo Customer Reference Board (CRB) (Fab D with blue PCB) • 1x 5v power supply with cable Warning: You must use a power supply or you will damage the board!

II) Download Arduino Environment and Board Firmware. Download the latest IDE and firmware files here: https://communities.intel.com/community/makers/drivers You will need up to 200 MB of free space, depending on which OS you are using.

III) Connect the board with your PC. WARNING: You must use the power supply or you will damage the board. Connect the 5V power cable to the Galileo board and to a power outlet. Note: Always connect the 5V power before any other connection. The green power LED (labelled ON) will turn on.

IV) Install The Drivers and other software. Windows: 1. If not done already, connect the 5V power cable to the Galileo board and to a power outlet. Note: Always connect the 5V power before the USB connection. 2. Connect the USB cable to the USB Client Port (closest to the Ethernet) and to a PC. Wait for Windows to begin its driver installation process. After a few moments, the process will fail. 3. Click on the Start Menu, and open up the Control Panel. While in the Control Panel, navigate to System. Next, click on System. Once the System window is up, open the Device Manager. 4. Look under Ports (COM & LPT). You should see an open port named Gadget Serial V2.4. If you do not see this open port, follow steps a-c in the Note below. 5. Right-click on the Gadget Serial V2.4 port and choose the Update Driver Software option. 6. Choose the Browse my computer for Driver software option.

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7. Navigate to the hardware/arduino/x86/tools directory. This allows the proper driver file linux-cdc-acm.inf to be installed. 8. Once the driver is successfully installed, Device Manager will show a Galileo (COMx) device under Ports (COM & LPT). Note the COMx port number as it will be needed in the IDE later. The example below shows COM5.

V) Launch the Arduino IDE Application.

VI) Update Your board Firmware

The IDE contains the release-specific firmware for your board. Follow the steps below to update your board firmware using the IDE. 1. Remove all power from the board (USB and 5 V power cord). This makes sure that no sketch is running on the board 2. Remove the SD card from the board (if it is inserted). 3. Power up the board by plugging in the 5V power supply.

4. Connect the USB cable to the USB Client Port (closest to the Ethernet).

Note which COM port it is connected on. 5. Launch the IDE and select the board via Tools > Board > Intel®

Galileo 6. Select the correct serial port using Tools > Serial Port

Note: Do not download any sketch to the board before you upgrade the firmware.

7. Launch the software upgrade using Help > Firmware Upgrade 8. A message is displayed asking you to confirm that 5V power cable is

plugged in. Click Yes if it is connected. If no cable is plugged in, exit the upgrade process by

selecting No, connect the power, and restart this process. 9. The board can be upgraded to newer software or downgraded to

older software. The next message displays the current software version that is on the board and the software version that you are trying to flash onto the board. Select Yes to

either Upgrade/Downgrade or flash the same software again. 10. The upgrade progress takes about 6 minutes and is displayed in

several popup messages. During the upgrade process, you will not have access to the IDE.

Note: The power and USB cables must stay connected during the upgrade process.

11. When the upgrade completes, a message is displayed stating Target Firmware

upgraded successfully. Click OK to close the message. If you want to flash a different firmware version that is not contained in the IDE,

download the SPI flash image capsule files as described in Section 2. The downloaded capsule should be copied to the following locations, depending upon your operating system. Make sure that there is only

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one *.cap file in the location below. If you are downloading a new file, rename the previous *.cap to some other extension. • Windows: Arduino-1.5.3/hardware/tools/x86/bin/

VII) Open The blink Example. Open the LED blink example sketch: File > Examples > 1.Basics > Blink

VIII) Select your Serial Port. Select the serial device of your board from the Tools > Serial Port menu. Windows: Use the COMx number assigned earlier. You can retrieve the port number by navigating to: Start > Control Panel > System and Security > System > Device Manager Look under Ports (COM & LPT) to see which COMx is assigned to Gadget Serial.

IX) Upload The Programe

Click the Upload button in the IDE and wait a few seconds. If the upload is successful, the message Done uploading. will appear in the status bar. A few seconds after the upload finishes, you will see a green LED on the board start to blink. Congratulations! You've gotten your board up and running. For more information about Intel® Galileo, including online communities and support, try these links: http://www.intel.com/support/galileo http://communities.intel.com/community/makers.

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3.3.2)Steps to connect the Board With Wi-Fi(SD card should be configured before This Step)

1) Connect the antennae’s with the board. 2) Connect the FTDI Cable with your board. 3) Open Tera Term. 4) Select Serial Port 5) Change the baud rate to 115200/s 6) Now you can see the OS burn inside sd card running inside in the board

on term term. 7) Wait for OS To boot 8) Now write Root as user 9) Congrats Now we have access on the OS running in the development

board via Tera term 10) Now write These Commands:-

# lspci -k | grep -A 3 -i "network" # Connmanctl connmanctl> enable wifi connmanctl> scan wifi

connmanctl> services connmanctl> config wifi_<MAC_a>_<MAC_h>_managed_psk --

autoconnect yes ---ipv4 dhcp connmanctl> agent on connmanctl>connect

wifi_0cd2926de3ae_486f6d65574c414e_managed_psk 11) Now enter the Password Of Respective SSID 12) Congrats now your development board is connected with WLAN

network on its own

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3.3.3)Method to connect Humidity Sensor(Any Analog Sensor) with the development Board

1) Connect the Intel Galileo Board. 2) Write Code as in appendix bullet point 6.2 3) Now we Can Observe the voltage Read in the Serial monitor.

3.3.4)Data Visualisation for The temperature Over Thingspeak.com using Cloud Computing

1) Connect The Temperature sensor with the development board as we did with the humidity sensor.

2) Code For Data Visualisation is in appendix as Bullet point 6.1

3 )Now Compile and then Burn and program this Code now we can see the data visualisation of our analog data over thingspeak.

4) Congo..!! Now We are Able To see our real time analog data visualisation over the

web.

Fig 3.4

Chapter 4

Results & Conclusions

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Results:-

The graph generated shows the change of analog data generated with respect to

time and the analogue data generated is real time data which is generated and visualised automatically using cloud computing. So by this proposed Work We can Visualise any analog sensor data over the web. If instead of analog sensor if we use Digital sensor than also we can Visualise data with the help of any Cloud Computing Service.

Conclusion:-

Since interpreting graph is easier than interpreting any log data so this proposed work can help any authority which want to analyse data in real time.

For Example:- Suppose there is an water supplying tank which provide potable water and as we know that about 5000 children a dies because of drinking dirty water. So to solve this issue this proposed work can be used, if this system in which all the sensors is there at every tank in the world which shows authority the difference between dirty and potable water, than authority can come and solve all the issues whenever water get polluted right at that moment.

And using thus proposed work many lives can be saved.

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Chapter -5 Bibliography [1] https://www.coursera.org/specializations/internet-of-things

[2] http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168169905001572.

[3] https://www.dropbox.com/s/vxp24vcstsqlji1/ioe-economy-insights.pdf?dl=0

[4] https://drive.google.com/a/lnmiit.ac.in/file/d/0BzNhMhwiU4H-dXJrTWROWnM0QWM/view?usp=sharing

[5] http://makezine.com/2013/10/03/10-great-intel-galileo-features/

[6] https://www.dropbox.com/s/i9wu1ateyenmngt/Galileo_QuickStartGuide.pdf?dl=0

[7] https://www.dropbox.com/s/tbydwlxdthonlof/Galileo%20Schematic.pdf?dl=0

[8] https://www.theguardian.com/business/2006/nov/10/water.environment

[9] https://communities.intel.com/servlet/...102-1.../Galileo_GettingStarted_329685_005.pdf

[10] http://www.seeedstudio.com/item_detail.html?p_id=1978

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Chapter -6 Appendix

6.1) #define DHT11_PIN 5

dht DHT;

#define DEBUG FALSE //comment out to remove debug messages

//*-- Hardware Serial

#define _baudrate 9600

//*-- Software Serial

//

#define _rxpin 2

#define _txpin 3

SoftwareSerial debug( _rxpin, _txpin ); // RX, TX

//*-- IoT Information

#define SSID "shubham"

#define PASS "qwertyuiop"

#define IP "184.106.153.149" // ThingSpeak IP Address: 184.106.153.149

// GET /update?key=[THINGSPEAK_KEY]&field1=[data 1]&field2=[data 2]...;

String GET = "GET /update?key=P2KNPEVR81GFZZXD";

void setup() {

Serial.begin( _baudrate );

debug.begin( _baudrate );

sendDebug("AT");

delay(5000);

if(Serial.find("OK"))

{

debug.println("RECEIVED: OK\nData ready to sent!");

connectWiFi();

}

}

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void loop() {

int chk = DHT.read11(DHT11_PIN);

float val1 = DHT.temperature;

char buf[32];

String temp = dtostrf( val1, 4, 1, buf);

updateTS(temp);

delay(3000); //

}

//----- update the Thingspeak string with 3 values

void updateTS( String T)

{

// ESP8266 Client

String cmd = "AT+CIPSTART=\"TCP\",\"";// Setup TCP connection

cmd += IP;

cmd += "\",80";

sendDebug(cmd);

delay(2000);

if( Serial.find( "Error" ) )

{

debug.print( "RECEIVED: Error\nExit1" );

return;

}

cmd = GET + "&field1=" + T ;

Serial.print( "AT+CIPSEND=" );

Serial.println( cmd.length() );

if(Serial.find( ">" ) )

{

debug.print(">");

debug.print(cmd);

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Serial.print(cmd);

}

else

{

sendDebug( "AT+CIPCLOSE" );//close TCP connection

}

if( Serial.find("OK") )

{

debug.println( "RECEIVED: OK" );

}

else

{

debug.println( "RECEIVED: Error\nExit2" );

}

}

void sendDebug(String cmd)

{

debug.print("SEND: ");

debug.println(cmd);

Serial.println(cmd);

}

boolean connectWiFi()

{

Serial.println("AT+CWMODE=1");//WiFi STA mode - if '3' it is both client and AP

delay(2000);

//Connect to Router with AT+CWJAP="SSID","Password";

// Check if connected with AT+CWJAP?

String cmd="AT+CWJAP=\""; // Join accespoint

cmd+=SSID;

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cmd+="\",\"";

cmd+=PASS;

cmd+="\"";

sendDebug(cmd);

delay(5000);

if(Serial.find("OK"))

{

debug.println("RECEIVED: OK");

return true;

}

else

{

debug.println("RECEIVED: Error");

return false;

}

cmd = "AT+CIPMUX=0";// Set Single connection

sendDebug( cmd );

if( Serial.find( "Error") )

{

debug.print( "RECEIVED: Error" );

return false;

}

}

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6.2) /* ReadAnalogVoltage Reads an analog input on pin 0, converts it to voltage, and prints the result to the serial monitor. Attach the center pin of a potentiometer to pin A0, and the outside pins to +5V and ground. This example code is in the public domain. */ // the setup routine runs once when you press reset: void setup() { // initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second: Serial.begin(9600); } // the loop routine runs over and over again forever: void loop() { // read the input on analog pin 0: int sensorValue = analogRead(A0); // Convert the analog reading (which goes from 0 - 1023) to a voltage (0 - 5V): float voltage = sensorValue * (5.0 / 1023.0); // print out the value you read: Serial.println(voltage); }