Rainwater Harvesting in Vietnam

8/9/2019 Rainwater Harvesting in Vietnam

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Assessing the Potential for Rainwater

Harvesting in Vietnam

Snapshot of Key Findings

Rural Water Supply and Sanitation INGO

Working Group MeetingFebruary 20, 2009

Kim Patrick

Alex Snelgrove


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Levels of Rainwater Harvesting

15.48.6Mekong RiverDelta

0.90.8South East0.40.3Central Highlands

0.20.1South CentralCoast

9.64.1North CentralCoast

0.70.2North West

3.22.3North East

52.331.2Red River Delta

VietnamNationalHealth Survey

VietnamLivingStandardsSurvey


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Key Findings on Use & Demand

Geographical factors influence use & demand.

Where present rainwater collection is the tradition. People use rainwater preferentially as a hygienic

source for drinking and cooking purposes.

Rainwater is a complimentary water and never asthe exclusive water source.

Full potential of rainwater harvesting not yetreached in many areas (SEE CONSTRAINTS).

Areas where rainwater is in demand are more likelyexperiencing social, economic stresses directly

related to clean water supply situation in general. Supply driven approaches did not seem tostimulate uptake of DRWH technologies.


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Snapshot of Existing Technologies


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5505,500,000Rectangular Cement Tank**10000

3203,200,000Cement Tank (Ring Mold)*10000

7053,525,000Cement Tank (Ring Mold)5000

12001,200,000Plastic Drum in Steel Cage1000

414413,500Cement Tank (Ring Mold)1000

325260,000Cement Jar (Thai)800

17711,240,000Blue Plastic Drum700

43902,195,000Branded Metal Drum500

860430,000Blue Plastic Pail500

300120,000Cement Jar (Thai)400

450180,000Cement Tank With Lid (Ring Mold)400

521125,000Ceramic Jar240

1680168,000Plastic Bin (Pail)100

Price/Litre

Average Price

PointType and sourceVolume

Comparative Prices


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Comparative Product Features

Consumers consider the followingcharacteristics in rainwater tanks:

Cost

Transportability

Durability

Modernity

Ease of cleaning

Reliability of supply

Effort on water collect, manage and protect

Space and aesthetic


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Snapshot of Roofs & Guttering


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Key Constraints for Increased

Uptake

Affordability Construction Costs

Expectation of giveaways

Neglected by provincial RWSS programs

Lack of suitable finance

Land access and affordability

Negative perceptions: Effort for household water manager(s)

Partial solutions

Aesthetic considerations Water quality

Environmental Health Risks Dengue fever

Availability of other water sources


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Proposed Solutions -

Technology Goal is to make a larger volume, durable and

locally affordable tank technology.

Two possible pathways (storage): Improve efficiencies, reduce costs and introduce

high-value design features of existing cement ringmold tank technology

Develop and introduce a new technology based onplastic bag, extruded plastics or fibreglass.

Complimentary activities with private sector onguttering collection system technologies

Integrate vector mitigation program

Target intervention basing on geographicdeterminants

Enable as many technologies possible until themarket speaks!


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Potential New Storage

Technology


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Snapshot of Tank Suppliers


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Proposed Solutions - Market

Potential Supply Side Interventions Identify appropriate distribution models based on

selected technologies Capacity Building at Supply Level (Marketing,

Business Management, Production

Upgrading/Efficiencies) Support alternative payment mechanisms installment plans, credit plans, hire-purchase

Access to financial services for suppliers Matching Grants

Potential Demand Side Interventions Promotion through the Social Policy Bank Revolving Loan Fund (through pre-existing

association) Incentives to stimulate market

Social marketing campaign


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Next Steps

Finalize assessment

Identification and field research in two

additional countries

Selection by EWV of one country for pilotproject

Design and implementation of project to

test technology and commercially based

distribution models


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Questions for Discussion

Have you seen other RWH technology

models?

Lump sum payment for households is

critical challenge. Are there financialmodels/service providers that could work?

Are there additional geographic areas

where rainwater harvesting is appropriate?

What key messages should be included ina social marketing campaign?

Documents

Rainwater Harvesting in Vietnam