11-6 11-7

INCORPORATION OF A CLINICAL YEAR INTO A RADIOLOGY RESIDENCY PROGRAM: RESULTS OF AN APPLICANT SURVEY, Brian W. Goodacre, M.D., Gados Hamilton, M.D. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.

Purpose: To survey Radiology residency applicants for their preference among residency program designs incorporating a clinical year.

Methods: Each solicited residency application booklet included a survey requesting the candidate's preference for one of four program designs. Each incorporated a clinical year, but vaded with timing and location of this year relative to the Radiology training block.

Results: Of 107 suitably completed surveys, 76 (71%) of applicants favored a clinical year pdor to Radiology, either linked with (39 of 76) or distinct from (37 of 76) the site of the Radiology program. Only 24 (22%) expressed the desire for a clinical year tailored to specific areas of interest within the body of a 5 year program.

Conclusions: Most applicants preferred a traditional pre-Radiology clinical year. The effort required to coordinate a tailored mid-residency clinical year may not be rewarded by increased applicant interest.

EDUCATING THE PUBLIC DURING THE RADIOLOGY CENTENIAL. CREATION OF A MULTIMEDIA TEACI-m'/G PROIECT IN BASIC SCIENCE OF RADIOLOGY. Kieran I. Murphy. MB FRCPC. p. L Carson, PhD., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.

Purgasa: To develop materials for use by secondary school teachers and school districts to cover parts of their science curricula, and to demonstrate methods of teaching radiological sei~mce in schools and other public settings.

M@thads: These modules were designed with ~tensive eoliahoration from secondary school sdence teachers, media consultants, and publishers of public school educational material. The basic material was written by educators, physicists, radiologists, and radiation oncologists using the learning cycle model of education.

Results: These modules are designed to teach the principles behind the use of radiation in medical imaging and therapy and to use medical imaging to teach parts of the basic sdence curriculum as proposed by the National Research Council. The modules cover topics im interaction of radiation with matter, production and detection of x-ray% radiographic and CT imaging, scintigraphy, radiation biology, radiation therapy, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, the teaching of anatomy and physiology with images, and drug effects upon the brain. Each module has one or more short video segments as well as ex~rdses that lead stod(mts through a self discovery of scl~tific pdndples and methods.

Conclusion: These materials may be used effectively to initiate a link between radiology groups and their local communities.

12-1 12-2

RADIOLOGY RESEARCH: A PRIMER FOR RESIDENTS, Liem T. Bui-Mansfield, M.Dt. , R.A. Youngberg, M.D., Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA 98341 Purpose: Residents are often daunted hy academic endeavor. Their time is constrained, and they generally lack resources. For those that persevere, there is little guidance. Methods: A MEDLINE search with specific search descriptors inta~uding radiology, research, resident, and manuscript discloses little information. Collating available articles and relying on personal experience, the authors attempt to prepare a research guide for radiology residents. Results: The paper addresses the abstract, "why" to do research; as well as the concrete, "what, how, and when". Conclusion: A primer on radiology research for residents is presented. It introduces the resident to information gathering, mentor selection, devising research models, avoiding academic bias, discerning relevance, materials and methods preparation, statistics, forums for presentation, and responding to re~ection.

Key Words: Radiology, Resident, Research, Education, Manuscript

INTRODUCTION TO RADIOLOGY FOR UNDERGRADUATE WORK/STUDY WOMEN COLLEGE STUDENTS Robert D. Harris, MD

PURPOSE: JD Chertoff, MD, PA Lewis, MD, M Pavone To describe a radiology department's involvement in an undergraduate Women in science Program (WISP) designed to encourage women to pursue their interest and/or maj3r in science. METHODS: Two staff radiologists and a radiology resident sponsored WISP interns in ongoing research pro~cts in 1994-95. Ini~al goals were described at the onset and interval assessment performed at regular intervals. Interns spent 5-10 hours per week selecting images, reviewing medical records, attending conferences, and entering data on computers. RESULTS: Despite their lack of formal training, the three students contributed significantly to the research effort. Specifi~y, they helped create a diagnostic/therapeutic protocol for f/rst-trimester threatened abortion, a poster on the imaging of barlatric (wsight- reduction) surgery, and a computerized program for image registration for nuclear brain scanning and MRI. CONCLUSIONS: While no quantitative date is available yet, we believe that women exposed to radiology early in co]iege may develop interest in medicine and radiology, and the department benefits from the WISP interns' contributions to c/inieal research. A primary long term goal is to promote interest in radiology as a profes~on in the face of perceived negative external forces against choosing a career in radiology.

12-3

ENHANCING THE INTEGRATION OF STUDENT KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CLINICAL SONOGRAPHY. Andrew K.W.Wesd MVSc PhD,* M.J.Dadd,MEngSci,t J.R.Lublin.MEd,:~ K.LHoffmann,MVSc.* Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences* and Centre for Teaching and Learning,~: University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia, and Ultrasonics Laboratory,l" Division of Radiophysics, CSIRO, Chatswood, NSW 2057, Australia.

Puroose: In teaching sonography, our aim was to enhance the integration of knowledge by the use of a computer-based learning (CBL) program, practical class and clinical session in which the students accepted more responsibility for their learning and for co-operating with each other in the learning endeavour.

Methods: In a CBL program, simulations and interactive experiments were used to improve veterinary medical students' (n=123) learning of sonographic physics and imaging controls. During a formal time-tabled session, students worked through a core of the program, and were also able to select additional information on each of the core subjects. In a practical class, the students used a sonographic machine to make images of a tissue-equivalent phantom. During a clinical session, the students were given time to operate the sonographic machine when they worked with an academic staff member as sonographic examinations of animals were performed.

Results: At the completion of the CBL program, 64% of the students were much more or reasonably more confident about using an a sonographic machine to examine an animal, and 86% said they now understood sonographic concepts very or reasonably well; after the practical class each of the opinions had increased to 96%.

Conclusions: The overall project enhanced an integrated approach to learning, stimulated student interest and curiosity, improved understanding of sonograpbic principles, and contributed to an increased confidence and skill in using sonographic equipment. It also freed academic staff from repetitive contact hours with students, so making more time available for interaction with students, especially involving the clinical applications of sonography. Supported by a grant from Committee for the Advancement of University Teacbing.

12-4

STUDENT PERCEPTIONS OF A KEQU/RED THIRD YEAR RADIOLOGY CLERKSHIP AFTER ANNOUNCEMENT OF A NEW TEACHING AWARD FOR RESIDENTS AND FACULTY IN THE RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT

Author Gary L. Men-bar. M.D.. University Hospital, Cineinnmi, Ohio

Purpose: A test was devised to evaluate the effects on mediead students' pe~mived edueaaon alter the announcement of a new teaching award for fae01ty and resi&mts for ealeelhinee in medical student education.

Methods: The Rediology eleticshlp was unchanged from previous yearg instraetion for tl~ first six months of th~ academic year At the beginning of the seex~i half of the academic ye~t(Janua~ through July) sovt~al ~ t i v e daily a n n ~ t s w e r e L~de at the daily teaehhig eoalfeaxmee, and a ptlmod ~ was placed near the thollty ~ residcmt mallbox~. Standard questionnaire r~ults used for all elerksh/ps in ~ medical school w~re divided into two groups: pr©-ammtmomumt and post-atomic*meaL The results were ~ e a l l y analyzed,

Results: Si~ifieant improvemem (!~_.05) in several k~ are~ of clerkship evaination were m inein~g ~ ~ numb~ of preparatinn hours for the course, total hours per wcd< s'pmxt in th~ deparmlent; improved perc~fion of ~gamzafion of the course, value of on-eag tlmo, approlmat~ess of assigned reading materials, quality of leetm~ and ¢onthrlmce~, responsibility given to studmts, and discussion of safety te¢imlques.

Coueinsion: The addition of a teadr~g award for medical student e&mation for faculty and residents improved the medical smd~ts' ixreeptions of the clerkship in several key ~ of the stmt:ats' education considered important by the medical education division of the Coacge of Medicine.