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8/8/2019 Race and Athletic Performance
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Race and athletic
performance
Applied Exercise PhysiologyBtec Sport and Exercise Science
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Learning objectives
Define Race Role of Genetics in physiology
Current Race and Sportpreconceptions
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Why is it that people
of a certain race orgenetic background
seem to performbetter at certain
sports than others?
Many scientists,
coaches and otherexperts have askedthis question andtried to explain it.
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Definiation
A local geographic orglobal human
population
distinguished as a
more or less distinct
group by genetically
transmitted physical
characteristics.
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Task
It is evolution thatis likely responsible
for genetics role in
athletic
performance.
What qualities dowe need for good
athletic
performance?
What role could
Genes play in
determining
these?
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Rapid acceleration
Strength/muscle strength
Short sprints
Endurance
Extended stamina
Rapid Recovery
And the ability to interchange
on demand
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If you are part of a race or
tribe that over many tens of
thousands of years has to,out of need for survival,
engage in certain regular
behaviours then over time...
.......What should happen?
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Genetics are the
fundamental code that gives
people their eye colour
limb length
Height
bodily proportions
reaction time
hair colour
lung capacity,
weight distribution
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Cup and Water approach
Cup represents your genetic potential and the water you fill it withyour training effect.
A short stocky well trained runner will obviously beat untrainedthin runner type but will have a lower potential for improvementand future elite performance at marathon running
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Racially Dominated sports and public
misconception
Peoples conception of race and sport iswarped by the media why do you think this
is?
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The Weightlifting Example
Current conception of weightliftingis that it is dominated by theChinese and that Chinese are giftedweightlifters.
In the the 70s 80s it was Russians
And 50s and 60s USA that hadhighest medal totals.
Interestingly china have yet toproduce a medaling heavyweightclass lifter. Think back to the Cupand water example.
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Chinese weightlifters
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1y9w_9EsKFM&feature=player_embedded#!
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Provides weight to the training
argument
It could be argued that maybe Chineseweightlifters just train harder or longer than
their counterparts
A common lay misconception you hear isblack people have more fast twitch fibres
If this where true then surely they should
dominate power sports like weightlifting?
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The Marathon Runner Example
East African runners are associated withabsolute dominance of their sport, and
theories are abounding to why.
What do you think the reasons are?
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(For Kenyans) there isnt much else besides
running.Trisha Steidl Seattle University
East African holds every major record from the
800-meter race to the marathon.
In 1986, 48.3% of the top 20 performances in
the major distance events were held by
Europeans.
By 2003, 85% of these top 20 performances
were held by runners of African descent, 55.8%
of which were Kenyan.
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Summary
Race has both scientific meaning and socialmeaning
Genetics determine our physical potential to
some extent, but training and psychologymatter too
A lot of people have preconceptions of race
and how it effects performance.