r qto OI2O7O2O -l TP CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS … · r qto test code oi2o7o2o-l form tp 2017045 may/june 2017 caribbean examinations council caribbean secondary education certificate@

r qto TEST CODE OI2O7O2O-l

FORM TP 2017045 MAY/JUNE 2017

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE@EXAMINATION

BIOLOGY

Paper 02 - General Proficiency

2 hours 30 minutes

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

1. This paper consists of SIX questions in TWO sections. AnswerALL questions.

2. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

3. Do NOT write in the margins.

4. Where appropriate, answers should be illustrated with diagrams.

If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the

original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back of thisbooklet. Remember to draw a line through your original answer.

If you use the extra page(s), you MUST write the question number clearly inthe box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant, includethe question part beside the answer.

5

6.

Copyright @ 2015 Caribbean Examinations CouncilAll rights reserved.

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SECTION A

AnswerALL questions in this section.

Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

In an experiment, some students put corn seeds into each of two test tubes labelled A andB, as shown in Figure l.

20"c 10 "c

Moist cotton wool

Figure 1. Apparatus and materials used for experiment

(i) Write a suitable aim for this experiment.

(2 marks)

(iD In which of the tubes, A or B, would germination most likely occur? Give ONEreason for your answer.

(2 marks)

(iii) State TWO roles that the moisture from the coffon wool plays in the process ofgermination.

(2 marks)

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1. (a)

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Corn shootsLight bulb

Desk lamp

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light as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Corn seedlings exposed to unidirectional light

(i) What type of movement is shown by the plants in Figure 2?

(1 mark)

(iD State a hypothesis that the students could test by using the apparatus and materialsshown in Figure 2.

(2

(iii) The students want the seedlings to grow straight towards the ceiling. Suggest howthey could manipulate the apparatus to get this result.

(1 mark)


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(iv) The seedlings shown in Figure 2 use all the nutrients stored in the cotyledons.Discuss the process by which these plants can make more nutrients.

(4 marks)

(v) Discuss the processes by which the raw materials required for making nutrients

reach the leaves of the plant.

(4 marks)


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(c) (i)

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(4 marks)

(ii) Name ONE plant organ, other than leaves, where starch may be found.

(1mark)

(iii) Instead of starch, animals store complex carbohydrates such as glycogen. NameTWO organs in an animal's body which store glycogen.

(2 marks)

Total25 marks


Starch is the most coflrmon carbohydrate that is found in the leaves of green plants'

Describe a test that the students could do in the laboratory to investigate whether

starch is present in the leaves of the seedlings.

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2. Figure 3 represents the Whittaker Five-Kingdom Classification of living organisms

LIVING ORGANISMS

Type of cells

Eukaryote

Number of cells

Unicellular

Kingdom Protista Presence of cell wall

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Example: fish

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Autotroph Heterotroph

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Kingdom FungiExample : yeast

Figure 3. Whittaker Five-I(ingdom Classification of living organisms

Complete the classification by writing the correct answers at (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) inFigure 3. (5 marks)

Each kingdom is further subdivided into taxa with the lowest rank being the level ofspecies.

(i) Define the term 'species'.

(2 marks)

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(i)

KingdomMonera

Example: bacteria (iD

(v) Kingdom

(iv) Kingdom

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(ii) Using the human species as an example, explain why physical appearance ormorphology isNOT always useful for identiffing organisms belonging to the same

species.

(2 marks)

(iiD Suggest ONE reason why biologists use the biological concept of species insteadof physical characteristics to classiff organisms.

(2 marks)

Some lizards were washed away on a log during a hurricane and landed on a remote island.Several years later, they were classified as a new species.

(i) Using the biological concept of a species, state TWO reasons why they werereclassified.

(2 marks)

(ii) The new species of lizards living in the mountainous region of the island werefound to be smaller than those living on the lowlands. Suggest TWO reasons forthis variation.

(2 marks)

Total 15 marks


(c)

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3. (a) Figure 4 illustrates the events that take place during the human menstrual cycle.

Hormone Y

Hormone X

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Identifu Hormones X and Y and the event occuning at Z.

x ...............

Y ...............

Z

(ii) What is the role of EACH hormone in the menstrual cycle?

Y.....

(3 marks)

(2 marks)

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(iiD Name the organ that produces Hormones X and Y.

x

(2 marks)

(i") Discuss the fate of the following structures shown in Figure 4 if fertillzation ofthe ovum occurs.

Corpus luteum

Uterus lining

(4 marks)

Some contraceptive pills contain hormones. Suggest how this may prevent pregnancy.

(1 mark)

A drug company is developing a male contraceptive pill. Suggest THREE ways in whichthis could prevent pregnancy.

(3 marks)Total 15 marks


Y

(b)

(c)

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SECTION B

Answer ALL questions in this section.

Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

(i) Explain how structures in the human eye control the amount of light that entersthe eye.

(4 marks)


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(iD Jenny enters a dimly lit room and cannot see the colours of the furniture until thelights are switched on. Explain how Jenny is able to discern objects in the dimlylit room but cannot see the colours until the lights are switched on.

(5 marks)


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A certain form of colour-blindness is inherited as a recessive allele carried on the Xchromosome. It is thus said to be 'X-linked'or'sex-linked'. Awoman with normal colourvision, whose father is colour-blind, mates with a colour-blind man. What is the chanceof them having colour-blind children? Use a genetics diagram to explain your answer.

Use B for the allele for normal vision and b for the allele for colour-blindness.

(6 marks)

Total 15 marks


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Describe the chemical digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins from the mouth untilthey are absorbed in the small intestines.

(6 marks)


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(b) (D Describe how the body systems work together to assimilate glucose molecules

(4 marks)

(ii) Explain how the assimilation of glucose by a non-diabetic person differs from thatof a person suffering from diabetes.

(5 marks)

Total 15 marks

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Using a suitable example of EACH, distinguish between a predator-prey relationship and

parasitism.

(6 marks)


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Some environmentalists encourage the practice of introducing predators to an ecosystemto control a population of pests rather than the use of agricultural chemicals.

(i) Outline THREE advantages and THREE disadvantages of this method ofbiologicalcontrol compared to the use of chemicals.

(6 marks)


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(iD Explain how biological control may conhibute to biological evolution throughnatural selection in an ecosystem.

(3 marks)

Total 15 marks

END OF TEST

IF yOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.

01207020/F 20t7

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r qto OI2O7O2O -l TP CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS … · r qto test code oi2o7o2o-l form tp 2017045 may/june 2017 caribbean examinations council caribbean secondary education certificate@