QUIZ #5

1. Who was the Indian leader at the Battle of Little Bighorn and who was the American soldier’s leader?

2. Why was the Massacre at Wounded Knee a shock to the American people?

3. What did the Homestead Act do?

4. What was the purpose of the Morrill Act?

5. Name one of the two things that brought about the end of the cattle boom.

6. What mineral was hydraulic and hard-rock mining used for?

1. What do you think is the greatest invention of all

time? Why?2. If you could invent

anything what would it be? Write a paragraph

explaining your new invention.

TECHNOLOGICAL REVOLUTION

Life in the 1800s

• Months to hear from friends/family in Europe

• No ice/refrigeration (ice ponds/saw dust)

• No indoor lighting/electricity

• No indoor plumbing

Patent and Trademark Office• 1790-1860: issued 36,000 patents

• Patents: licenses that give an inventor the exclusive right to make, use, sell, an invention for a set period of time

• 1860-1890: 500,000 patents

• By 1900 America was among the countries with the highest standard of living in the world

Energy

• Discover drilling for oil is profitable• 1880: Thomas Edison invented the light bulb• General Electric and Westinghouse Electric,

two companies spread the use of electricity• Electricity more efficient and less expensive• With electricity cost of production decreased• Electricity allows the invention of new

products – refrigerator• Access to electricity still wasn’t available to

many, especially rural Americans

Communication

• Samuel F. B. Morse perfects the telegraph

• 1876: Alexander Graham Bell invents the “talking telegraph” – telephone

• President Rutherford B. Hayes puts the first telephone in the Whitehouse

• By 1900: 1.5 million telephones in use• Use switchboards to connect all the lines

Railroads

• Pre-Civil War railroads– No standard width, each train could only run

on certain tracks– Move goods/passengers from train to train– No standard system for signals– Trains brakes were unreliable

- Railroad extending from coast to coast

-Private investors did not want to pay for the completion of the railroads -Federal government provided financial backing-Two major companies: Central Pacific worked east

while the Union Pacific worked west - Workers for Union Pacific – Irish immigrants- Workers for Central Pacific – Chinese immigrants

Promontory Point

-May 10th, 1869: Promontory Summit- the “Golden Spike”

Expansion of the Railroad

• Development of steel, used steel rails rather than iron (stronger)

• Standardized tracks and signals

• Improved brake system

• Created time zones, to improve scheduling, used to be called “railroad time”, now is referred to as “standard time”

Revolutionizing Business and Industry

• Faster and more practical means of transporting goods

• Lower costs of production• Creation of national markets (lower costs

and higher speeds allow businesses to sell products nationwide)

• Model for big business• Stimulation of other industries (ex. Steel

industry)

Jesse Woodson James