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Question 1
•Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?
•A. England•B. France•C. United States•D. China•E. All of the Above
Question 2
•What is one of the fenced-in or hedged-in fields created by wealthy British landowners on land that was formerly worked by village farmers.
•A. Estate•B. Entrepreneur•C. Enclosures•D. None of the Above
Question 3
•Jethro Tull invented what type of machine?
•A. The Flying Shuttle•B. The Telegraph•C. The Seed Drill•D. The Cotton Gin•E. The Reaper
Question 4
•What is the system of growing different crop in a field each year to preserve fertility of the land.
•A. Enclosure•B. Crop Rotation•C. Farming•D. Factors of Production•E. None of the Above
Question 5
•This individual was able to increase the amount of sheep meat by only allowing his best sheep to breed.
•A. Jethro Tull•B. Cyrus McCormick•C. Samuel F. B. Morse•D. Robert Blackwell•E. Alexander Graham Bell
The Beginnings of Industrialization
What is the Industrial Revolution?
Greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England.
It began during the Middle 1700’s
Prior to machine-made goods, people wove textiles by hand
This soon spread to Continental Europe & North America
Agriculture Revolution BeginsWealthy landowners began
to purchase up the small amounts of land once owned by small village farmers
Build an enclosuresBegan experimenting with:
◦ More productive seeding techniques
◦ Better harvesting methods2 Results of enclosure
◦ Trial of new methods◦ Forced small farmers to be
either tenant farmers or to move to the city
Jethro TullScientific FarmerRecognized that sowing
seed by scattering it across the ground was wasteful
Invented the horse drawn seed drill in 1701
This would create crops into neat rows
Seeds would take root at specific depths
More seeds took root creating larger yields of crops
Seed DrillsJethro Tull’s Seed Drill Modern Seed Drill
Rotating Crops
•Crop Rotation- System of growing different crop in a field each year to preserve fertility of the land.▫1st Year plant wheat (exhaust soil nutrients)▫2nd Year plant turnips (restore nutrients)▫3rd Year plant barley and clover
Livestock InnovationsRobert Bakewell
increased his sheep meat (mutton) by allowing his best sheep to breed
Increased size of lambs
Food supplies increased
Living conditions improved
England’s population began to increase
Question 1
•Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?
•A. England•B. France•C. United States•D. China•E. All of the Above
Question 2
•What is one of the fenced-in or hedged-in fields created by wealthy British landowners on land that was formerly worked by village farmers.
•A. Estate•B. Entrepreneur•C. Enclosures•D. None of the Above
Question 3
•Jethro Tull invented what type of machine?
•A. The Flying Shuttle•B. The Telegraph•C. The Seed Drill•D. The Cotton Gin•E. The Reaper
Question 4
•What is the system of growing different crop in a field each year to preserve fertility of the land.
•A. Enclosure•B. Crop Rotation•C. Farming•D. Factors of Production•E. None of the Above
Question 5
•This individual was able to increase the amount of sheep meat by only allowing his best sheep to breed.
•A. Jethro Tull•B. Cyrus McCormick•C. Samuel F. B. Morse•D. Robert Blackwell•E. Alexander Graham Bell
1. Would you attempt to change your working conditions in the factory?
2. Would you join a union, go to school or run away?
Factors of Production
•Resources needed for Industrialization•Water Power & Coal to fuel machines•Iron Ore to build machines, tools &
buildings•Rivers for Transportation•Harbors for ships to set sail from
•Also needed is business investors•Britain’s highly developed banking system
Britain’s Textile Industry• Britain’s lead the world in
textile industry• First industry to make
significant changes• John Kay developed the
flying shuttle (pg. 285) in 1733
• James Hargreaves developed the spinning jenny (spinning wheel) in 1764
• Both the shuttle and the jenny done by hand
Textile Industry Cont.
•1769 Richard Arkwright developed the water frame
•1779 Samuel Crompton developed the spinning mule
•1787 Edmund Cartwright developed the power loom
•All of these inventions were bulky and were kept in large buildings called factories
Question 2-1
•What are some of the resources that are needed for industrialization?
•A. Coal•B. Water•C. Iron Ore•D. Rivers•E. All of the above
Question 2-2
•Besides natural resources, what is another factor in industrialization?
•A. Churches•B. New Countries•C. Banking and Investors•D. None of the above
Question 2-3
•Who invented the flying shuttle?
•A. John Kay•B. James Hargreaves•C. Eli Whitney•D. Samuel Crompton•E. Edmund Cartwright
Question 2-4
•Eli Whitney invented what type of machine?
•A. Spinning Mule•B. Water Frame•C. Power Loom•D. Cotton Gin•E. Spinning Jenny
Question 2-5
•These large inventions were generally kept in large buildings called_____?
•A. University•B. Factories•C. Warehouse•D. Home sweet home
Transportation• James Watt made the
steam engine work faster and more efficient
• Work with Matthew Boulton who was an entrepreneur
• Goal to build even better engine
Transportation•Robert Fulton built steamboat named
Clermont while using Boulton & Watt steam engine
• In England the creation of canals▫Over 4,000 miles of inland channels▫Transport goods and materials at a lower cost
• John McAdam improved road travel ▫Placed a layer on road beds with large stones
for drainage▫Used crushed rocks for top layer prevent
wagons sinking in the mud
Railway Age Begins• Steam Engine on wheels• Richard Trevithick won bet
by hauling 10 tons of iron over 10 miles of track
• Soon other British engineers built even better models
• George Stephenson built 20 engines for mine operators creating first rail line
• 27 mile line from Yorkshire coal fields to the port of Stockton (North Sea)
Railway Age Begins Cont.
•Entrepreneurs in northern England wanted a railway from Liverpool to Manchester
•George Stephenson Rocket ▫Haul 13 tons of material at 24 mph▫Opened in 1830
•Railroads revolutionize life in Britain▫Cheap way to transport goods▫Created more jobs▫Boosted agricultural & fishing industries
Question 3-1
•A person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business is called what?
•A. Middle Class•B. Entrepreneur•C. The big boss•D. Mr. Porter
Question 3-2
•Who supported James Watt in improving the steam engine to work faster and more efficiently while burning less fuel?
•A. John McAdam•B. Michael Boulton•C. Matthew Boulton•D. Donald Trump
Question 3-4
•Richard Trevithick won a bet in 1804 for accomplishing what?
•A. Inventing the Locomotive•B. Hauling passengers across England•C. Building the fastest train ever to be
built•D. Hauling 10 tons of material across 10
miles of track in a steam locomotive•E. None of the Above
Question 3-5
•How did the railroads revolutionize life in Britain?
•A. Cheap way to transport goods•B. Created more jobs•C. Boosted other industries such as
fishing and agriculture•D. None of the above•E. All of the above