Quantum Computers

Brief Overview

● History of Quantum Computing

● Theory Behind Quantum Computers

● Current Status

● Problems Being Faced

● Future Outlook

History of Quantum Computers

● Originally begun in late 1970s● Came out of consideration of Moore's Law● Attempt to get around physical limitations● Applications considered were simulations of

Quantum Physics● Remained curiosity until more uses discovered

Quantum Computer Theory

● Qubits replace normal bits● Values become 0, 1, or a superposition of those

● Example : State Amplitude Probability (a+ib) (a2+b2) 000 0.37 + i 0.04 0.14 001 0.11 + i 0.18 0.04 010 0.09 + i 0.31 0.10 011 0.30 + i 0.30 0.18 100 0.35 + i 0.43 0.31 101 0.40 + i 0.01 0.16 110 0.09 + i 0.12 0.02 111 0.15 + i 0.16 0.05

Theory cont.

● States are changed using small pulses of EM radiation

● Algorithms will reduce all probabilities to 0 except one which will be returned.

● After reading a single measurement, uncertainty will change system

Current Progress

● Biggest quantum computer developed so far is 7 qubits big

● NMR has emerged as best technology to read data from quantum computers

● Progress limited by several problems

Problems

● 3 main problems:

● Decoherence

● Error Correction

● Quantum hardware

Future Outlook