Quality Control and Safety During Construction

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TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING BUCHARESTFACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES

QUALITY CONTROL ANDSAFETY DURINGCONSTRUCTION

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QUALITY CONTROL AND SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION

Quality and safety concerns in construction

The quality of the construction process is the quality of integrated action due to

human, material, machinery, process methodology and work environment, also known as

process quality, which reflects the quality of products. In order to ensure the quality of

construction project, the quality of each process must be controlled, which is the focus of

quality control during construction.

Process quality control is implemented on the process conditions for the activities (the

quality input of process activities and effectiveness of the process activities (the quality of

sub!project

"afety is a substantial risk on a construction jobsite. "ite conditions change by theminute creating dynamic situations that require constant adjustment. The work of one crew

can affect the safety of everyone on the job and the public in general. #onsider a crane

swinging steel beams. $very worker on the job site must be aware of the activity and change

their work accordingly to maintain safety. %nd if that crane must swing across areas outside

of the job site boundaries, the public is now at risk and is totally unaware of the ha&ard.

The following work should be focused on during process quality control'

. )etermining the program of process quality control

*n the one hand, specific measures to ensure quality of technology for the different

processes, and the provision of inputting materials and the order of activities are required. *nthe other hand, the work flow and quality inspection system are needed.

+. #ontrolling the quality of conditions of process activities actively

There are five main factors affecting the quality of process conditions' human,

materials, machinery and equipment, methods, and the environment.

. Inspecting the quality of effectiveness of process activities in a timely manner

The implementation includes self!inspection, mutual inspection, the handover

inspection of upper and lower working procedure, especially for hidden works and sub!items

("ection.

-. "etting the process control point (process management point with key control.

Process quality control points are major control objects determined for the key

components affecting quality or weaknesses. #ontrol points should be set correctly and

implemented strictly.

uality control and safety represent increasingly important concerns for project

managers. The role of construction safety professionals has significantly e/panded over the

past decade. The industry employs thousands of safety professionals, most of whom work for

contractors (general or subcontractors. Today, construction safety professionals also find

themselves involved in insurance coverage and placement0 employee discipline0 labor

relations0 claims management0 fleet management crisis management and disaster recovery0

business continuity planning0 purchasing and contract reviews0 subcontractor

prequalification, selection and management0 and permitting.

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%s with cost control, the most important decisions regarding the quality of a

completed facility are made during the design and planning stages rather than during

construction. It is during these preliminary stages that component configurations, material

specifications and functional performance are decided. uality control during construction

consists largely of insuring conformanceto this original design and planning decisions.

Or!ani"in! for #uality and safety

*rgani&ations must adopt a cultural change that appreciates the primary need to meet

customer requirements, implements a management philosophy that acknowledges this

emphasis, encourages employee involvement, and embraces the ethic of continuous

improvement.

3hen we talk about organi&ing for Total uality 4anagement, we mean preparing

and organi&ing people in such a manner that they could work according to the philosophiesand practices. The traditional organi&ation of employees in a company is based upon

cascading of authority that can best be illustrated in a pyramid, on the ape/ of which lies top

management, then comes middle management, functional management, supervisors, and

employees. This organi&ation of employees though traditionally accepted and most

appropriately defined way to e/press the employee organi&ation in a company.

% variety of different organi&ations are possible for quality and safety control during

construction. Inspectors and quality assurance personnel will be involved in a project to

represent a variety of different organi&ations. $ach of the parties directly concerned with the

project may have their own quality and safety inspectors, including the owner, the

engineer5architect, and the various constructor firms.

Total #uality $ana!e$ent

In the global marketplace increased levels of competition have resulted in quality

becoming of increasing importance to organisations and consequently Total uality

4anagement (T4 has become a key management issue. % considerable number of

companies are applying T4 and the topic is the subject of many books and papers.

Total quality management (T4' % term initially coined by the 6aval %ir "ystems

#ommand to describe its 7apanese!style management approach to quality improvement.

"ince then, T4 has taken on many meanings. "imply put, it is a management approach tolong!term success through customer satisfaction. T4 is based on the participation of all

members of an organi&ation in improving processes, products, services and the culture in

which they work

Total quality management can be summari&ed as a management system for a

customer!focused organi&ation that involves all employees in continual improvement. It uses

strategy, data, and effective communications to integrate the quality discipline into the culture

and activities of the organi&ation.

In a global marketplace a major characteristic that will distinguish those organi&ations

that are successful will be the quality of leadership, management, employees, work processes,

product, and service. This means that products must not only meet customer and community

needs for value, they must be provided in a continuously improving, timely, cost!effective,innovative, and productive manner.

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