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CDRI
Annual Development Review
2009 - 2010
CDRI
CDRI
©
ISBN 978—99950—52-34-8
Annual Development Review 2009-10
[email protected] website: http://www.cdri.org.kh
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CDRI
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(ODA) ..................................................................
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FDI ................................................
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CDRI
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CDRI
GFEC (Q4 2008-Q3 2009) ......................................................
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CDRI
(Gross Domestic Product)
ADB (Asian Development Bank)
ARTNeT
ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations)
CAMINCO (Cambodian National Insurance Company)
CBTA (Cross-Border Transport Agreement)
CCA (Common Control Area)
CCC
(Cooperation Committee for Cambodia)
CDC (Council for the Development of Cambodia)
CDRI
(Cambodia Development Research Institute)
CSEC (Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey)
CSOs (Civil Society Organizations)
DI (Domestic Index)
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization)
FDR (Foreign Discriminatory Index)
FGDs (Focus Group Discussions)
FRI (Foreign Restrictiveness Index)
GATS
(General Agreement on Trade in Services)
GFEC ¬Global Financial and Economic Crisis¦
GHI (Global Hunger Index)
GMAC
(Garment Manufacturers Association of Cambodia)
GMS (Great Mekong Sub-region)
G-PSF (Government-Private Sector Forum)
GSP (the Generalised System of Preferences)
IFC (International Finance Corporation)
IMF (International Monetary Fund)
IRRI (International Rice Research Institute)
CDRI
ISPs (Internet Service Providers)
MFN (Most Favoured Nation)
MIME (Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy)
MPTC (Ministry of Post and Telecommunications)
NBC (National Bank of Cambodia)
NEDA
(Neighbouring Countries Economic Development Cooperation Agency)
NiDA
(National Information Communications Technology Development Authority)
NIS (National Institute of Statistics)
NPL (Non-Performing Loan)
NTTCC
(National Transit Transport Coordinating Committee)
ODA
SOM
SSIs (Semi-Structure Interviews)
TRI (Trade Restrictiveness Index)
TTF (Trade and Transport Facilitation)
WB (World Bank)
WFP (World Food Programme)
WLL (Wireless Loop Line)
WTO (World Trade Organisation)
CDRI
(CDRI)
CDRI ANZ Royal
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
www.cdri.org.kh
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
es,ógGahar
éføsárs elx 11 eBatlk;mun RbKl;TMnijExmIna RCUkminsUvxøaj;lk;mun RbKl;TMnijExemsa
1 bushel = 36 litre
Wall Street
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
DFID
CDRI
CDRI
(GMS)
GMS
CDRI
CDRI
Hossein Jalilian Glenda Reyes
(GFEC)
GFEC
CDRI
GFEC
(sub-prime transactions)
GFEC
Hossein Jalilian Glenda Reyes
CDRI
Jalilian Reyes
Jalilian et al. 2009 Jalilian, Reyes, and Lun
CDRI
GFEC
(ADB 2009, IMF 2009a,
WB 2009)
CDRI
(Keynesian demand shock)
(FDI)
(ADB 2009)
GFEC FDI
(Ratha and Mohapatra 2009, Ratha et al. 2009)
GFEC
FDI
(Ros, S. 2009)
Rodrik (2009)
CDRI
(UNCTAD 2009, Roodman 2008)
(AFP 2009)
(BOP)
(FAO and WFP 2009)
(WB 2009)
GFEC
FDI
GFEC
Jalilian and Reyes
CDRI
FDI
H1N1
Finch (2010)
CDRI
(An, C. 2009)
(Xinhua 2009)
(IMF)
(IMF 2009b)
(NPL)
(IMF 2009)
CDRI
(4.0)
(2.0)
-
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
e
2009
p
2010
p
Bit tYelxrdæaPi)altYelx IMF tYelx WB
tYelx ADB
tYelx EIU
NIS 1998-2007; 2008e, MoEF;
2009 2010, MoEF, IMF (2009a/b), ADB
(2009), WB (2009), Green & Ith (2009)
(3mma
yoy % change)
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
mIna-0
7
mkr
a-08
kumÖ³-0
8m
ina-0
8em
sa-0
8]s
Pa-0
8m
ifuna-0
8kk
áda-0
8s
Iha-0
8kB
aØa-08
tula-08
vicäika
-08
FñÚ-08
]sPa
-07
ems
a-07
mifun
a-07
kkáda-0
7s
Iha-0
7kB
aØa-07
tula-
07vic
äka-0
7FñÚ-
07
mkr
a-09
kumÖ³-0
9m
Ina-0
9em
sa-0
9]s
Pa-0
9m
ifuna-0
9kk
áda-0
9s
Iha-0
9kB
aØa-09
tula-0
9
tMélnaMecj
tMélnaMcUl
MoEF
-5.0
0.0
5. 0
10.0
15. 0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008e 2010p
(IMF )
2009p
(IMF )
epSg² sMNg;
eTscrN_ kat;edr
ksikmµ
NIS, IMF (2009b)
(yoy % change)
-5.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008e 2010p
(IMF)
2009p
(IMF)
epSg² sMNg;
eTscrN_ kat;edr
ksikmµ
MoT
(3mma yoy % change)
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1,000.0
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
e20
09p
landuløar
% én pss
WDI 2008 CD-ROM, WB (2009)
40
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
mIna
-05
mif
una-0
5
kB
aØa-0
5
FñÚ-0
5
mIna
-06
mif
una-0
6
kB
aØa-0
6
FÚñ-0
6
mIna
-07
mif
una-0
7
kB
aØa-0
7
FñÚ-0
7
mIna
-08
mif
una-0
8
kB
aØa-0
8
FñÚ-0
8
mIna
-09
mif
una-0
9
kB
aØa-0
9
bg;køaEdskm<úCacinevotNam
USITC
(yoy % change)
-20.0%
0.0%
20.0%
40.0%
60.0%
80.0%
100.0%
120.0%
mkr
a-08
kumÖ³-0
8
mIna
-08
ems
a-08
]sPa
-08
mifun
a-08
kkáda
-08
sIh
a-08
kBaØa-
08
tula-0
8
vicäika
-08
FñÚ-08
mkr
a-09
kumÖ³-0
9
mIna
-09
ems
a-09
]sPa
-09
mifun
a-09
kkáda
-09
sIh
a-09
kBaØa-
09
tula-0
9
rUbiyvtßúTUeTA
R)ak;beBaØICarUbiyb½NÑ\NTandl;vis½yÉkCn
NBC
(3mma yoy % change)
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
mk
ra-0
7
kum
Ö³-0
7
mIna-
07
ems
a-0
7
]s
Pa-
07
mif
una-
07
kk
áda-
07
sIh
a-0
7
kB
aØa-0
7
tul
a-0
7
vicäik
a-0
7
FñÚ-0
7
mk
ra-0
8
kum
Ö³-0
8
mIna-
08
ems
a-0
8
]s
Pa-
08
mif
una-
08
kk
áda-
08
sIh
a-0
8
kB
aØa-0
8
tul
a-0
8
viciäk
a-0
8
FñÚ-0
8
mk
ara-
09
kum
Ö³-0
9
mIna-
09
ems
a-0
9
]s
Pa-
09
mif
una-
09
kk
áda-
09
sIh
a-0
9
kB
aØa-0
9
tul
a-0
9
viciäk
a-0
9
sMPar³sMNg;
suIm:g;t_
EdkEfb
MoEF
CDRI
(Jalilian et al. 2009)
(WB 2009)
(Pou 2009)
(Chun and Ith 2009)
CDRI
GFEC
CDRI
GFEC
Keynesian
Tong et al. 2009
Theng and Kem 2009a/b nig So 2009
CDRI
(IMF 2009b, WB 2009)
FDI
FDI
FDI
FDI
(WB and IFC 2009)
IMF 2009f
CDRI
(NBC)
(overdraft facility)
NBC
(Prasidh 2009)
(GMAC)
GMAC
(Everything but Arms: EBA)
CDRI
NBC
GFEC
CDRI (2009d)
Jalilian et al. 2009
CDRI
(Broderick 2009)
(CARD, WFP and WB 2009)
GFEC
Jalilian et al. 2009
Jalilian et al. 2009
CDRI
Hossein Jalilian, Glenda Reyes
GFEC
GFEC
FAO 2008
HosseinJalilian GlendaReyes
CDRI
Jalilian, Reyes and Lun FAO
CDRI
Timmer (2008)
(stabilisers)
Dawe (2008)
Abbot, Hurt and Tyner (2008), Heady and Fan (2008), Timmer (2008)
CDRI
WB Cambodia 2009
(US$) (DC) (DC) (3/1,%)
104 109 88 85
109 110 74 68
NIS, IRRI.
(US$) (DC) (DC) (3/1,%)
44 47 21 48
141 146 149 106
NIS, MAFF, IRRI & US EIA
CDRI
CDRI
7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0
0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4
0.4 0.2 0.8 1.2
0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5
CDRI (2008)
CSES
49.8 59.3 13.3 8
50.2 35.3 81.1 90
CDRI (2008)
WB (2009c)
CDRI (2008)
CSES 2004 and 2007 WB
(2009c)
CDRI
Aksoy and Isik-Dikmelik 2009
WB 2009a
Yu and
Fan (2009)
NIS and MoEF
FAOSTAT
CDRI
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
mk
ra-7
kum
³Ö-7
snÞsSn_éfømðÚbGahar
snÞsSn_éføGgár
snÞsSn_éføfamBl
snÞsSn_éføelah³Fatu
snÞsSn_éføePsC¢³
mIna
-7em
sa-
7
]s
Pa-
7
mif
una-7
kk
áda-7
sIh
a-7
kB
aØa-7
tul
a-7
viciäk
a-7
FñÚ-7
mk
ra-8
kum
³Ö-8
mIna
-8em
sa-
8
]s
Pa-
8
mif
una-8
kk
áda-8
sIh
a-8
kB
aØa-8
tul
a-8
viciäk
a-8
FñÚ-8
mk
ra-9
kum
³Ö-9
mIna
-9em
sa-
9
]s
Pa-
9
mif
una-9
kk
áda-9
sIh
a-9
kB
aØa-9
tul
a-9
viciäk
a-9
FñÚ-9
FAO, IMF
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
6 6 6 6
narcatics
7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9
NIS
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
mkr
a-03
mfun
a-03
vicäika
-03
ems
a-04
kBaØa-04
kumÖ³-0
5
kkáda
-05
FñÚ-05
]sPa
-06
tula -06
mIna-07
sIh
a-07
mkr
a-08
mifun
a-08
viciäka
-08
ems
a -09
kBaØa-09
Ggár ¬kñúgRsuk¦
Ggár ¬saklelak¦
Domestic: rice quality 2#; international: Thai rice broken 5%
NIS IRRI
kk
áda
kk
áda
sIh
ak
BaØa
kBa
Øas
Iha
tula
vicäik
a FñÚ
mk
rak
umÖ³
mIna
ems
a]s
Pa
mifun
a
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
0.00
500.00
1000.00
1500.00
2000.00
2500.00
3000.00
3500.00
4000.00
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
-08
-08
-08
-08
-08
-08
-09
-09
-09
-09
-09
-09
-09
-09
-09
CI ¬kñúgRsuk kñúgmYyetan¦
CI ¬saklelak kñúgmYyetan¦saMg ¬kñúgRsuk kñúgmYylIRt¦saMg ¬saklelak kñúgmYylIRt¦
Domestic -gasoline; urea;International-Spot prices FOB for Singapore Conventional Gasoline; Urea (Europe) Gaps are due to lack of available data for the concerned periods.
NIS MAFF IRRI UABA
0 1000000 2000000 3000000
: 2,750,147
: 1,681,124
WFP CSES 2007
CDRI (2008)
(GHI)
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
GHI 1990 GHI 2007 GHI 2008 GHI 2009
1990-1992
2000-2005
2001-2006
2002-2007
31.7
27.1
23.2 21.2
GHI Weismannet. al. (2007), Grebmer et. al. (2008/2009)
(3mma, yoy % change)
-200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
-05
-05
kk
áda
kk
áda
kk
áda
kk
áda
-05
-05
-05
-06
-06
-06
-06
-06
-06
-07
-07
-07
-07
-07
-07
-08
-08
-08
-08
-08
-08
-09
-09
-09
kk
áda-09
-09
-09
tMélGgár
brimaNGgár
kBa
Øa
kBa
Øa
kBa
Øa
kBa
Øa
kBa
Øavic
äika
vicäik
a
vicäik
a
vicäik
a
vicäik
a
mk
ra
mk
ra
mk
ra
mk
ra
mIna
mIna
mIna
mIna
mIna
]sP
a
]sP
a
]sP
a
]sP
a
]sP
a
MoEF
CDRI
Morning 2008, UN Cambodia 2008
Demeke et. al. (2009), ADB (2008), H.E. PM Hun Sen (2008), Brahmbhatt and Christiaensen (2008), UN
Cambodia (undated), MAFF (undated), WB (undated)
GHI
CDRI
PDS (2009)
CDRI (2008)
(2008)
CDRI (2008)
CDRI (2008)
UNICEF 2009
GFEC
GFEC
GFEC
GFEC
CDRI
GFEC
GFEC
Dawe (2008)
GFEC (Q4 2008-Q3 2009)
(US$) (DC) (DC)
NIS, IRRI
GFEC
GFEC
(FGDs)
(SSIs) CDRI
CDRI
(Prasish 2009c)
(Pou 2009)
(Chun and Ith 2009)
CDRI VWS
CSES
FGDs SSIs CDRI
CSES
GFEC
Theng and Kem 2009a/b and So 2009
Tong et. al. 2009
CDRI
FGDs
SSIs CDRI
GFEC
FAO
GFEC
(US$) (DC) (DC)
FOB
NIS, MAFF, IRRI & US EIA
CDRI
VAT
Jalilian et. al. (2009), MAFF (undated), Naron (2008)
WB (2009a)
CDRI
GFEC
(VAT)
GFEC
GFEC
GFEC
GFEC
CDRI
FGD SSI
CDC-CRDB (2008)
Jalilian et. al. (2009)
CDRI
PDS
(2008 vs. 2009)
2008 2009
2203 1515
1404 1263
3607 2778
PDS
852.25 545.44 -36
107.66 72.65 -32.52
487 353.98 -27.31
119.41 99.78 -16.44
114.35 117.4 2.67
88.66 47.6 -46.31
PDS
GFEC
GFEC
CDRI
FGDs SSIs CDRI
GFEC
WB 2009b
IMF
IMF 2009
Jalilian et. al. (2009), Theng and Kem (2009a/b) and So (2009)
CDRI
(see CDRI 2009)
(So 2009; Chan 2009)
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
(Alderman and Paxson 1992; Besley 1995; Deaton 1997; Kang and Sawada 2003b; Kang et al. 2005; Morduch
1994, 1995; Paxson 1992; Ravallion and Chaudhury 1997; Rosenzweig 1988; Townsend 1994, 1995; Udry 1994)
(Alderman and Paxson 1992)
(Goh et al. 2005) (Fafchamps
1999 2000)
(Alderman
and Paxson 1992; Besley 1995; Coat and Ravallion 1993; Glewwe and Hall 1998; Kang and Sawada 2003a,
2005; Morduch 1995; Rosenzweig 1988; Ogaki and Zhang 2001; Townsend 1995; Udry 1994)
(Cox and
Jimenez 1990 Cox, Eser and Jimenez 1998)
Glewwe and Hall
(1998) Goh et al. (2005) OLS regression with the Huber-White Robust Standard Errors to correct for
heteroskedasticity
CDRI
Chan and Acharya 2002; Fitzgerald and So 2007
1003 5.76 1003 5.70 -1.04
999 4647.6 1001 4270.97 -8.10
674 2944.22 679 2923.51 -0.70
640 1850.45 585 1249.93 -32.45
924 1256.83 900 1263.66 0.54
328 954.11 804 524.47 -45.03
499 198.16 372 152.01 -23.29
1003 3989.11 1003 3533.58 -11.42
1003 1312.7 1003 1081.96 -17.58
1003 2676.41 1003 2451.62 -8.40
1003 1003
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
(Acleda)
CDRI
1 2100.2 1969.6 1674.8 1571.6 425.4 398.1 -6.22 -6.16 -6.44
2 2836.9 2619.5 2190.5 2030.6 646.4 589.0 -7.66 -7.30 -8.89
3 3403.3 3143.8 2605.4 2394.0 797.9 749.8 -7.62 -8.11 -6.03
4 4266.0 3796.6 3039.1 2795.5 1226.8 1001.1 -11.00 -8.02 -18.40
5 7426.4 6207.1 3906.8 3496.0 3519.6 2711.1 -16.42 -10.51 -22.97
3889.1 3553.6 2676.4 2451.6 1312.7 1082.0 -8.63 -8.40 -17.58
CDRI
1 2 3 4 5 Total
1 42 22 16 11 8 100
2 26 22 24 16 10 100
3 15 26 19 23 17 100
4 11 19 27 22 20 100
5 6 11 13 27 43 100
CDRI
CDRI
(econometric)
(log per capita consumption)
Fitzgerald and So (2007)
CDRI
OLS regression technique
Schultz’s (1975)
Goh et al., 2005
(Kurosaki, 1995)
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
Fitzgerald and so, 2007
Devereux, 2001
CDRI, 2008
Fitzgerald
and So, 2007
Ballard et al., 2007
CDRI
Devereux, 2001
(Chan & Ear 2004)
(Fitzgerald & So 2007)
(World
Bank 2007)
(Jalilian et al. 2009)
Murshid (1998)
McAndrew (1998)
CDRI
(Jalilian
et al. 2009)
(CDRI 2009b)
(World Bank 2006, 2007)
(World Bank 2007) Grebmer et al. (2009: 13)
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
NGOs
CDRI
HelpAge International
CRC
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
NGOs
CDRI
CDRI CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
*
2
2
2
2
18
9
56
*
(Huy
Chean Textiles)
CDRI
References
American Friends Service Committee (2000), Socio-Cultural Vulnerability and Coping Strategies Research
Project (Phnom Penh: AFSC).
Ballard, B., C. Sloth, D. Wharton, I. Fitzgerald, K. Murshid, K. Hansen, Phim R. & Lim S. (2007), We
Are Living with Worry All the Time: A Participatory Poverty Assessment of Tonle Sap (Phnom Penh:
CDRI).
Cambodia Development Resource Institute (2008), Impact of High Food Prices in Cambodia (Phnom Penh:
CDRI).
Cambodia Development Resource Institute (2009a), Annual Development Review 2008–2009 (Phnom
Penh: CDRI).
Migration in the GMS: Cambodia Country Study (Phnom Penh: CDRI).
Chan S. & Ear S. (2004), “Towards Understanding Social Protection in Cambodia”, Cambodia Development
Review, Vol. 8, No 4 (Phnom Penh: CDRI).
Devereux, S. (2001) “Livelihood Insecurity and Social Protection: A Re-emerging Issue in Rural
Development”, Development Policy Review, 19(4), pp. 507–519.
Fitzgerald, I. & So S. (2007) Moving Out of Poverty? Trends in Community Well-being and Household
Mobility in Nine Cambodian Villages (Phnom Penh: CDRI).
Godfrey, M., Chan S., Kato T., Vou P., Dorina P., Saravy T. & So S. (2000), “Technical Assistance and Capacity
Development in an Aid-dependent Economy: Experience of Cambodia”, World Development, 30(3) pp.
355–373.
Grebmer, K.V., B. Nestorova, A. Quisumbing, R. Fertziger, H. Fritschel, R. Pandya-Lorch & Y. Yohannes
(2009:pp:7-11), Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hunger: Focus on Financial Crisis and Gender
Inequality (Washington DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, Concern Worldwide and
Welthungerhilfe).
Jalilian H., Chan S., G. Reyes, Saing C.H., Phann D. & Pon D., (2009), Global Financial Crisis Discussion
Series—Paper 4: Cambodia (London: Overseas Development Institute).
Kim S. (2001), “Reciprocity: Informal Patterns of Social Interactions in a Cambodian Village”, MA thesis
(Northern Illinois University, Department of Anthropology).
Koy R. & Em S. (2009) “Building Community Capacity for Poverty Reduction Initiatives” (CDRI:
forthcoming).
Kang C., Sok S., Kim S. & Liv D., (2009), Rapid Assessment on the Impact of the Financial Crisis in
Cambodia (Phnom Penh: CIDS).
Cambodia (Phnom Penh: World Bank).
McAndrew, J. (1998) Independence in Household Livelihood Strategies in Two Cambodian Villages,
Working Paper 7 (Phnom Penh: CDRI).
Murshid, K. (1998) Food Security in an Asian Transitional Economy: The Cambodian Experience (Phnom
Penh: CDRI).
Overseas Development Institute (2009), The Global Financial Crisis and Developing Countries: Preliminary
Synthesis of Ten Draft Country Reports (London: Overseas Development Institute).
Phlong P. (2009), “Informal Credit System in Cambodia”, MA thesis (Northern Illinois University).
Tong K., Saing C.H. & Hem S. (2009), Trends in Living Standards of 90 Rural Households in Poverty
Dynamics Study Villages (Phnom Penh: CDRI).
Tong K., Khieng S. & Phann D., (2009), Vulnerable Workers Survey in Phnom Penh, Kandal, Kompong
Speu, Siem Reap and Battambang (Phnom Penh: CDRI).
Tong K. & Pon D., (2009), “Quarterly Vulnerable Workers Survey in Phnom Penh, Kandal, Kompong
Speu, Siem Reap and Battambang” (unpublished Phnom Penh: CDRI).
Tong K., (forthcoming), How did Cambodian Rural Households Cope with Shocks from Food and Oil
Price Increase? (Phnom Penh: CDRI).
World Bank (2006), Halving Poverty by 2015?Poverty Assessment 2006 (Phnom Penh: World Bank).
World Bank, (2007), Sharing Growth: Equity and Development Report 2007 (Phnom Penh: World Bank).
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
Roger Hay
Fernandez
Basley Machin
I
Roger Hay CDRI
CDRI
(ODs)
Fernandez
CDRI
Regression Analysis Technique
(CPA)
CDRI
(ALS)
(mean value)
regression analysis
ALS
ALS
ALS
CDRI
(OPDCSD) (DMD)
OPDCSD DMD
ALS
ALS
ALS
ALS
(BOR)
(EHDCSD)
(DCSD)
(EHDPD)
(DPD) (HMR)
BOR, EHDCSD, DCSD, EHDPD, DPD HMR
BOR EHDCSD
DCSD EHDPD DPD HMR
ALS
CDRI
ALS
ALS
DCSD DPD
CPA
DCSD DPD
DCSD DPD
CPA3
CPA2 CPA2
CPA3
CPA1 CPA2 CPA3
CPA3
BOR
(CCSD)
DCSD BOR, CCSD DCSD
CCSD
CPA1
CPA2
CPA3
CDRI
DCSD HMR
DCSD HMR
HMR
(2ANC)
2ANC
OPDCSD DMD
OPDCSD DMD
(NGOs)
(TCC) TCC
NGO
TCC
DMD
(IMM) 2ANC
DMD
DMD
DMD IMM
2ANC
OPDCSD IMM
CDRI
(ad hoc assessment)
CDRI
CDRI
(Foreign Direct Investment:
FDI)
(CDC)
FDI
FDI
CDC
CDC
CDRI
CDRI
FDI
FDI
FDI
CDC
CDC
FDI
FDI
FDI
FDI
CDRI
(ODA)
ODA
ODA
CDC
(knitted or crocheted fabrics)
tramways
CDRI
CDRI
FDI
Yamagata (2006)
(MFN)
(GSP) (Yamagata 2006; Cuyver
et al. 2006, 2008) FDI
(Cuyber et al. 2006)
(MFA)
(Cuyver et al. 2006)
MFA (Yamagata 2006)
(UN
and ICC 2003)
CDRI
(Early
Harvest Programme) Cuyver et al.
(2008) FDI
FDI FDI
FDI
(Middleton 2008b) Middleton (2008b)
Pheapimex Wuzhishan
Pheapimex
(China Farm Cooperation Group)
Pheapimex Wuzhishan
(Rutherford et al. 2008)
CDRI
(UN & ICC 2003) CDC
(MIME)
(IMF 2009)
Global Witness (2009)
Rutherford et al. (2008)
MIME
KirIrmü III,
CDRI
Qin Guangrong
China Yunnan Corporation for International Techno-Economic Cooperation
(Middleton 2008a)
(Middleton 2008a)
(e.g. Middleton 2008a; Rutherford et
al. 2008; Malmquist and Sigfridsson 2002) MIME
Middleton (2008a)
Hydro-Quebec,
Pomerleau International nig Experco International
CDRI
Sinohydro Corporation
Rutherford et al. (2008)
McDonald et al. (2008)
McDonald et al. (2008)
CDRI
FDI
FDI
FDI
FDI
FDI
CDRI
FDI
(International Finance Corporation) (Global Environmental Institute)
(World Commission on Dams)
CDRI
CDRI
(ASEAN)
(WTO)
CDRI
CDRI
Markusen et al. (2005)
Fink et al. (2005)
Beck (2002)
Francois and Wooton (2006)
(Sok 2005: 51)
WTO
(General Agreement on Trade in Services—GATS)
WTO-GATS
X
CDRI
(Francois 1990 and Mattoo et al. 2006)
(ISPs)
(MPTC)
Telecom Cambodia
Camintel Camshin (wireless
loop line—WLL)
CamGSM, Telekom
Malaysia Camshin
CamGSM/MobiTel (MPTC 2008)
Camintel MPTC PT Indosat
PT Indosat A-Z
Telekom Malaysia Casacom
Samart MPTC Casacom
Hello GSM
CDRI
Bigpond (online), Camnet Telesurf
dial-up service
broadband
(MPTC 2008)
(two-tier banking system)
(NBC)
(Foreign Trade
Bank)
(IFC 2007:3)
Caminco
Caminco
(Indochine Insurance) (Asia Insurance)
(Forte Insurance)
Caminco
(MEF) Caminco
AT&T telecom download
3 MBPS Wicam download
2 MBPS Camnet download
1 MBPS
(Cambodia Daily, 21)
CDRI
Cambodia Re
(Asia Insurance Group)
Telecom Cambodia
CDRI
CamGSM
(rate of return on assets) (return on equity)
ATM
ANZ
Australia-New Zealand Cambodia Royal Group
ANZ
ANZ
Caminco
CDRI
CampuBank Lonpac
(paid-up capital)
Forte
Caminco
Forte
(foreign restrictiveness index: FRI)
FRI
(domestic index: DI) FRI (foreign discriminatory
index: FDR) (McGuire et al. 2000)
CDRI
(Trade Restrictiveness: TRI)
Kimura et al. (2003), Findlay and Warren (2002) and Deardorff and Stern (2004)
CDRI
0.433
0.365
0.152
0.317
0.2160.183
0.1260.175
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
TUrs½BÞGcl½t TUrs½BÞcl½t GuInFWNit TUrKmnaKmn_
FRI DI
CDRI
0.074
0.1475
0.1035
0.052
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
FnaKar Fanar:ab;rg
FRI DI
Telecom Camintel
Camshin Mobitel
dial-up
(NiDA 2003: 27
Online)
(NBC 2008)
(MPTC: 2008)
MPTC
CamGSM
(Telecom Cambodia and Camintel)
CDRI
GATS-WTO
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
(GMS) +
(TTF)
GMS
CBTA
CDRI
Larry strange CDRI
ARTNeT GMS
SDC
UNESCAP
CDRI
GMS
GMS
GMS
(ADB)
CBTA
IICBTA CBTA TTF
ADB
CBTA
CDRI
CBTA
GMS
GMS
GMS
GMS
GMS SOM
(CLMV)
GMS
CDRI
NEDA
TTF
ODA
GMS
http://www.cdc-crdb.gov.kh/database/index.htm
CDRI
GMS
GMS
GMS
CBTA
TTF
CBTA CBTA TTF
CDRI
GMS:
GMS
(G-PSF)
GMS
GMS TTF
ADB
CDRI
ADB
GMS
GMS
GMS
CBTA
(CBTA)
CBTA NTTCC
CBTA
CDRI
NTTCC
ADB
NTTCC
TTF-CBTA
TTF-CBTA GMS
ADB
CBTA
GMS
GMS
(LDCs) GMS
TTF-CBTA
GMS
GMS ADB
GMS
CDRI
CBTA
SPS
TTF-CBTA
ADB
CBTA
CBTA TTF
TTF-CBTA
GMS TTF-CBTA
NTTCC G-PSF
CDRI
GMS
GMS ADB
CBTA GMS
GMS GMS +
(LDCs) GMS
+
+
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
CDRI
Kannan, K. P.
McAndrew, John P.
Kannan, K. P.
Toshiyasu-Kato
Murshid, K. A. S.
McAndrew, John P.
Martin-Godfrey, Toshiyasu-Kato Nina-Orlova, Per-Ronnås
Gorman, Siobhan,
Toshiyasu Kato
CDRI
Toshiyasu-Kato Jeffrey A. Kaplan,
Toshiyasu Kato, Jeffrey A. Kaplan,
Martin Godfrey, Claude-Katz Sarthi-Acharya
Sarthi Acharya
Brett Ballard Sarthi Acharya
Bhargavi Ramamurthy Per Ronnås
Sarthi Acharya
Bruce McKenney
Sarthi Acharya
CDRI
Sarthi Acharya
Sarthi Acharya
Bruce McKenney
Bruce McKenney
Bruce McKenney
Caroline Hughes
Robert Oberndorf
K.A.S. Murshid
Kasper K. Hansen
, Jenny Knowles David Craig
Joakim Öjendal
CDRI
Brett M. Ballard, Christian Sloth, David Wharton, Ingrid FitzGerald, K.A.S Murshid, Kasper K. Hansen,
Ingrid FITZGERALD
CDRI
CDRI
Chem Phalla et al., Framing Research on Water Resources Management and Governance in Cambodia: A Literature
Review (Working Paper No. 37)
Pak Kimchoeun and David Craig, Accountability and Public Expenditure Management in Decentralised Cambodia
(Working Paper No. 38)
Horng Vuthy and David Craig, Accountability and Planning in Decentralised Cambodia (Working Paper No. 39)
CDRI, Impact of High Food Prices in Cambodia
Eng Netra and David Craig (forthcoming), Accountability and Human Resource Management in Decentralised
Cambodia (Working Paper No. 40)
Hing Vutha and Hossein Jalilian (April 2009), The Environmental Impacts of the ASEAN-China Free Trade
Agreement for Countries in the Greater Mekong Sub-region.
Thon Vimealea, Ou Sivhuoch, Eng Netra and Ly Tem (October 2009), Leadership in Local Politics of
Cambodia: A Study of Leaders in Three Communes of Three Provinces.
HING Vutha and THUN Vathana (December 2009), Agricultural Trade in the Greater Mekong Sub-region: The
Case of Cassava and Rubber in Cambodia.
Chan Sophal (December 2009),
Country Study.
CDRI Publication (December 2009),
of the Case Studies in Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam.
CDRI Publication (December 2009), Agricultural Trade in the Greater Mekong Sub-region: Synthesis of the Case
Studies on Cassava and Rubber Production and Trade in GMS Countries
