PUNIC WARS #37PUNIC WARS #37

Have #35 out for a stampHave #35 out for a stamp

Warm Up: Describe the parts of Warm Up: Describe the parts of the Roman Republic.the Roman Republic.

PUNIC WARSPUNIC WARS•Punic – Latin for Phoenician

•In the 200's B.C.  Rome ruled Italy. •Carthage- Wealth city in North Africa – Controlled part of Sicily

•Rome and Carthage fought for control of Mediterranean•Rome afraid Carthage would try to take control of Rome

•Led to war

In the battle for control of the seas, Rome builds and improves navy to win Sicily and control of cheap grain.

They invented a device called a "crow" which was a kind of wooden walkway with a sharp spike at the end.  The crow was held upright until the Romans pulled their ship up next to an enemy ship. 

•Over control of Sicily and Western Mediterranean •After 23 years, Rome wins the war.

The First Punic WarThe First Punic War

Second Punic War Second Punic War 218 BCE218 BCE

Carthage counterattacks –Hannibal • attacked from Spain going through the Alps with 60 war elephants during the winter of.•Raided Rome for the next 13 years.

Rome attacks North Africa and Carthage•forced Hannibal to leave Rome to defend.•Hannibal is finally defeated

Third Punic Wars - Rome Wins

Carthage rebels against Rome’s rule.Rome attacks Carthage and after athree year siege and days of street fighting,Carthage is burned.

Roman soldiers evensalt the fields so foodCannot be grown.

Roman Expansion

By 144 BCE –Spain, Alps, Greece, Eastern Asia MinorBy 44 BCE – Gaul, Macedonia, All of Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, North Africa

Yellow indicates borders in 44 BCE

“Business” of Rome was:

WarConquestSlavesPlunderForced TradeMonopolies

Roman Trading Partners

Political Unrest at Home2nd Punic War destroyed many farmsWealthy took over many farms

Some Romans gain great wealthwhile some suffer

Soldiers are out of work or dead

Farmers are undercut by:

•Cheap imported grain

•Large farms

•Imported slave labor

Unemployed farmers move to cities – few jobs available

People also upset by slave revolt (“I am Spartacus”)

Some try reforms, but are murdered

Political power by city mobs

Rome's large population of slaves caused other problems. Most slaves were treated terribly by their Roman masters. Desperate for freedom, the slaves, led by Spartacus, rebelled fortwo years.

This sets the stage for the rise of a military dictator.

Death of Spartacus