PUMPED-UP GRAMMAR!

GEE, KIDS, IT’D BE JUST SUPER

IF YOU WOULDUSE WORDSCORRECTLY!

Compound SentencesComplex Sentences

Fragments and Run-Ons

GET YOUR PAPER READY:

Write #8 in the top right corner. Write SENTENCES NOTES on the top

middle.

PAY ATTENTION AND BE SURE TO ANSWER EACH QUESTION. WHEN YOU SEE A NUMBER, THAT MEANS YOU SHOULD BE WRITING!!

What is a sentence?

A subject and a verb (predicate) Expresses a complete thought Examples:

Sally and Joe had a new baby. They moved into a bigger house.

COMPOUND SENTENCES:

TWO simple sentences can be COMBINED into a compound sentence:

Sally and Joe had a new baby, so they moved into a bigger house.

A compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and conjunction.

CONJUNCTIONS:

MOST COMMON: And But Or

OTHERS: Yet For So

Use a conjunction to join two simple sentences to make a compound sentence:

Soldiers stormed the field. They shot their rifles.

Soldiers stormed the field, and they shot their rifles.

Use a conjunction to join two simple sentences to make a compound sentence:

Enemy troops had power. They retreated.

Enemy troops had power, but they retreated.

Use a semicolon to join two simple sentences to make a compound sentence:

Canons were fired. Enemy forces charged.

Canons were fired; enemy forces charged.

YOUR TURN – Make your own compound sentences.

1. No one claimed the book. We took it to lost and found.

2. The principal sat in the lunchroom. He ate pepperoni pizza.

*Use a comma and conjunction or a semicolon.

COMPLEX SENTENCES:

Or TWO simple sentences can be COMBINED into a complex sentence:

Because Sally and Joe had a new baby, they moved into a bigger house.

Dependent Clause

Independent Clause

Complex Sentence

AAAWWUBBIS: After Although As When While Until Before Because If Since

AAAWWUBBIS Examples: After the bell rings, we should be in our seats. Although I am tired, I still have to go to school. As I walked down the hall, I saw my friends. When I went to the water fountain, I tripped. While sharpening my pencil, I broke it.

In every sentence above, there is an independent clause (that can stand on its own) and a dependent clause (that can’t).

AAAWWUBBIS Examples:

Until lunch time, we keep our drinks put up. Before school starts, stay on the bus ramp. Because teachers have meetings, you can’t go

in the hall. If there is time, you can go to the library. Since my book is due, I need to return it.

In every sentence above, there is an independent clause (that can stand on its own) and a dependent clause (that can’t).

YOUR TURN - Make your own Complex Sentences:

3. Until he _________, we _________.

4. Because you _________, I _______.

5. If they ___________, it _________.

What is a fragment? A fragment is a piece of a sentence.

A complete sentence expresses a complete thought, but a fragment on its own does not express a complete thought.

Examples of Fragments

A fear of the outside world. (no verb)

Dying to see the show. (no subject)

Because the dramatic rise in temperature killed the plants.(not a complete thought…starts with an AAAWWUBBIS word)

Find the fragment that is missing a verb:

Johnny and Michael went to the beach on Friday. A lifeguard in his stand. They played in the water all day.

Johnny and Michael went to the beach on Friday. A lifeguard in his stand. They played in the water all day.

How can we fix this fragment?A lifeguard sat in his stand.

Find the fragment that is missing a subject:

Laying on the beach. Michelle and Sarah were careful not to get a sunburn.

Laying on the beach. Michelle and Sarah were careful not to get a sunburn.

How can we fix this fragment?Add a subject (and a helping

verb): The girls were laying on the beach.

There is another way we can fix this fragment!

We can make a complex sentence:

Laying on the beach, Michelle and Sarah were careful not to get a sunburn.

Laying on the beach, Michelle and Sarah were careful not to get a sunburn.

This sentence has an independent clause (part that can stand on its own) and a dependent clause (part that can’t stand on its own).

There is a third way we can fix this fragment!

We can make a compound sentence:

Michelle and Sarah were laying on the beach, but they were careful not to get a sunburn.

Michelle and Sarah were laying on the beach, but they were careful not to get a sunburn.

This sentence has two independent clauses (which can both stand on their own) and a conjunction (in between).

YOUR TURN – Fix the fragment:

6. Laying in bed.

7. While at my grandma’s.

8. The cheese on the counter.

*Add words. Delete words. Whatever you need to do to make it correct.

What is a run-on sentence?

Two or more simple sentences run together.

One specific kind of run-on is a comma splice: two simple sentences joined by nothing but a comma.

THIS IS A RUN-ON:

Lucy the cat meowed all night I couldn’t sleep.

How can we fix this run-on?

Run-on exampleLucy the cat meowed all night I couldn’t sleep.

Correct by adding a comma and conjunction:Lucy the cat meowed all night, so I couldn’t sleep.

Or by using a semicolon: Lucy the cat meowed all night; I couldn’t sleep.

Or by making two sentences:Lucy the cat meowed all night. I couldn’t sleep.

THIS IS A RUN-ON (comma splice)

I was cooking shrimp, Lucy tried to grab one.

How can we fix this run-on?

Comma splice exampleI was cooking shrimp, Lucy tried to grab one.

Correct by adding a conjunction:I was cooking shrimp, and Lucy tried to grab one.

Or by using a semicolon:I was cooking shrimp; Lucy tried to grab one.

Or by making two sentences:I was cooking shrimp. Lucy tried to grab one.

YOUR TURN – Fix the run-on:

9. My dog barked his leash was too tight.

10. No one voted they must not care.

*You can fix the run-on by adding a comma and conjunction, using a semicolon, or making two sentences.

WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO WITH THIS PAPER?

Put it in your clips.

Add it to your assignment sheet: #8 Sentences Notes