Public Opinion on Society, Politics, Governance & Sovereignty

Committee on Surveying Public Opinion on Society, Politics, Governance & Sovereignty

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Public Opinion

on

Society, Politics, Governance

&

Sovereignty

March 12, 2013

Project Director: Atif Abbas

Committee: Surveying

Dossier # 004

Version # 001

Survey Report

IRW Insaf Research Wing

Finding solutions for a better Pakistan

Insaf Research Wing

Central Secretariat

Street No. 84,

Sector G-6/4,

Islamabad, Pakistan.

Tel: 92-51-2270744

Fax: 92-51-2873893

[email protected]

Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf

“This unprecedented research was conducted in Islamabad by

PTI members and non-members…”



Insaf Research Wing (IRW) is a part of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (movement for justice - a political party,

PTI). IRW was created in 2009 to carry out research in order to find solutions for problems in Pakistan.

The foremost goal of IRW is to keep people of Pakistan and PTI informed and prepared.

The wing is composed of committees. Each committee addresses issues related to its field of expertise.

The committees defined as of yet are (i) Economics & Finance (ii) Energy (iii) Science & Technology (iv)

Health (v) Education (vi) Environment (vii) Anti-Corruption (viii) Surveying (ix) Socio-Political (x)

Foreign Affairs (xi) Strategic Thinking.

The research reports/papers are either commissioned by the central executive committee of PTI or

committee members of IRW. PTI members can also suggest IRW to consider researching on a matter they

find important. IRW welcomes any contributions in the form of scholarly work addressing important

issues. Nevertheless, after the author(s) sends the document it is peer reviewed before getting published.

In the process of peer review the document is technically analyzed and scrutinized. The procedure is

necessary to maintain quality control. However, varying opinions & ideas are not penalized.

Apart from working on research reports/papers which shed light on problems and provide basic

solutions, IRW undertakes the task of preparing extensive policies for PTI. These detailed and in-depth

policy documents are a combination of input from several professionals who are well versed in the

subject. IRW also serves as a check on the reigning government’s policies.

The Wing does not follow a preset ideology while carrying out research. IRW does not endorse any

opinion presented in a published report/paper as an official position. Likewise, several research

reports/papers on a similar subject published by IRW can have contradictory recommendations

though it should be noted that these point of views are sole responsibility of the author(s). Very

rarely when there is a complete consensus on a certain research report/paper within IRW only

then it is recommended to PTI for official perusal. Any published document by the wing does not

constitute it as an official position of PTI unless otherwise stated.

Insaf Research Wing works at a national level but its members are located throughout the world bringing

in the much needed international experience. IRW practices an open membership policy valid for all

Pakistanis regardless of religion or race. Nevertheless, members of other nationalities from international

organizations interested in helping Pakistan are always welcome to join IRW.

Published reports of IRW can be accessed at PTI’s website www.insaf.pk. The headquarter of IRW is

located at PTI’s Central Secretariat, Street No. 84, Sector G-6/4, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Copyright © 2013 by Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf All rights reserved.

The contents of this research study cannot be reproduced without prior permission of IRW.

http://www.insaf.pk/

DEDICATED TO THOSE

FIGHTING

FOR

JUSTICE



Table of Contents

THE TEAM .................................................................................................................................................................................. 5

RESEARCH IN POLITICS ............................................................................................................................................................ 6

SURVEY METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................................................................... 6

SURVEY FINDINGS ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6

SURVEY RESULTS ....................................................................................................................................................................... 8

DEMOGRAPHICS ................................................................................................................................................................... 8

SOCIETY .............................................................................................................................................................................. 10

POLITICS.............................................................................................................................................................................. 17

GOVERNANCE .................................................................................................................................................................... 22

SOVEREIGNTY ..................................................................................................................................................................... 26



The Team

Project Director: Atif Abbas

Facilitators:

Ghulam Abbas and Shagufta Jabeen Research Associates:

Gulfam Khan Khalid and Hasham ud din Qazi

Program Coordinator:

Sardar Azhar Tariq Khan

Data Collection Coordinators: Chaudhry Tariq Aziz, Nafeesa Inayat Khattak, Umer Saqaf, Sohail Satti, Muhammad Banaris

Chaudhary, Shahzad Asif, Sulaiman Malik, Hassan Bokhari and Farrukh Dall

Enumerators:

Javed Iqbal Mehsood, Saghir Khan, Muhammad Shahnawaz Khan Lodhi, Syed Javaid Bokhari, Farzana Shaheen Abbasi, Sobia Athar, Saba Afzal, Saima Danyal, Rubina Daud, Hajmeera BiBi,

Samina Ahmad, Hafeez Ullah Khan, Saira Faisal, Bakhtawar Malik, Uzma Haider, Zia Ullah, Tahir Khan Yousafzai, Niqqab Shah, Hamayun Khan, Tahir Arif, Mian Shakeel, Khalid Mehmood Awan, Shahzad Manzoor, Usman Kiyani, Chaudhary Awais Aftab, Shahzad Alam,

Saddiq Rehman, Nouman Khan, Naureen Ibrahim, Anjum Israr, Shahzad Arbi Satti, Ahsan ul Haq Satti, Ahmad Iqbal, Muhammad Farooq, Zaffar Haider, Yasir Ali and Anayat Shinwari

Research Assistants:

Diya Rehman, Chaudhry Afzaal Akram, Zaheer Abbas and Shakaib Ahmed Maulai

Data Entry Coordinator:

Gulfam Khan Khalid

Team Members:

Syed Farrukh Mehmood, Omair Idress, Waseem Ahmed, Muhammad Kaleem Ullah, Ayesha Gull, Muhammad Ali Ishaque, Ranjhan Touqir, Umar Mumtaz, Qazi Syed Rafaqat, Arslan Zafar, Syed Zain Abbas Bukhari, Muhammad Uzair, Sayyed Abdullah, Sulman Manzoor, Arbab

Mehdi, Rehman Zaheer, Asim Shehzad, Sulaman Khan, Toseef Ahmad, Ali Shan, Rameez Fida and Umer Naeem



Public Opinion on Society, Politics, Governance & Sovereignty The study portrays how citizens see our society and to what extent their

philosophy is reflected in our politics and governance, which is interlinked with sovereignty of their state.

Research in Politics

Insaf Research Wing (IRW) opened a new chapter by documenting public opinion: collected primary

data by utilizing human capital of the party - engaged students in „research in politics‟ for the first time in

political history.

Theoretical framework is based on four indicators (society, politics, governance and sovereignty) to know

perspective of a common man about our society and what he thinks about our politics and governance as

people from the society join politics - their politics is associated with governance of mechanism of the state

hence, the sovereignty.

Survey Methodology

This unprecedented research was conducted in Islamabad, federal capital of Pakistan by Pakistan

Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) members and non-members using convenience sampling. For data collection, technique

used was quantitative: survey; collection procedure was questionnaire method and observation tool used was

questionnaire, which consisted of thirty-three substantive questions and five demographic questions in Urdu.

Total 2,420 questionnaires were distributed among PTI members and non-members (the

enumerators); collected 1,495 filled questionnaires and considered 897 questionnaires for analysis. Citizens

aged eighteen and above were interviewed; they were given the option to fill the questionnaire themselves.

Fieldwork was conducted from September to December 2011 and January to December 2012.

Survey Findings

This version of the document presents overall response of citizens of Islamabad; figures are in

percentages, rounded to the nearest whole number.

Three-in-ten (30%) consider our society selfish and the same number (30%) consider impatient /

intolerant whereas only 5% consider generous. Majority thinks that people in our society, believe in money and

designation more than in hard work and honesty.

About being socially relaxed and secure in coming year, only 7% are positive whereas one-in-ten (10%)

sees oneself economically stable. Forty per cent think because of low income / poverty and 35% think because of

unemployment, people are compelled to commit suicide.

Nine-in-ten (90%) oppose luxurious lifestyle of elected representatives; „public servant‟ is the view of

head of Islamic welfare state of more than eight-in-ten (83%) whereas nearly nine-in-ten (92%) are positive

about expenses of government to be reduced.

About educating their child, majority (90%) (/ will) focus on moral and intellectual upbringing than

traditional graduate studies; more than nine-in-ten (93%) support one-education system.



About six-in-ten (61%) record their protest when they see human rights being violated whereas

„justice‟ is the major concern of more than half (55%); nearly six-in-ten (57%) think „no rule of law‟ is the main

cause of corruption “in society”.

View of politics of nearly half (46%) is, art and science of government and more than six-in-ten (64%)

don’t vote because of „dishonesty in politics‟.

View of political parties of 32% is „puppet show‟, of 27% is „institutions‟ and of 25% is „one-man show‟.

About a quarter (26%) vote on basis of party‟s „ideology‟ and almost the same number (25%) vote on basis of

party‟s „social development programs‟.

Six-in-ten (60%) vote because of their „own viewpoint‟; eight-in-ten (80%) will vote in next election

whereas nearly seven-in-ten (68%) said, if the party they support does not solve their problems - they will vote

a different party.

Sixty per cent said they will visit the office, if a political party invites for discussion.

More than one-third (36%) see their country heading towards „segmentation‟ and almost the same

number (35%) towards „poverty‟; majority ranked issue of „corruption‟ at number one and 38% think „no

accountability‟ is main cause of corruption “in governance”.

Only 7% think government often performs well and nearly nine-in-ten (91%) think, government

representatives don’t care what a common citizen thinks. View of politicians of about four-in-ten (41%) and

three-in-ten (30%) is „opportunist‟ and „puppets of West‟ respectively.

When asked about sovereignty of this Islamic state, 93% think sovereignty is being damaged; 51%

think because of both „political instability‟ and „involvement of West in policy-making‟ whereas 39% think only

because of „involvement of West in policy-making‟.

Those whose answer included involvement of West in policy-making were further asked about the issue

– according to 54%, sovereignty is being damaged because of both „puppet government representatives‟ and

„drone attacks‟; 39% think only because of „puppet government representatives‟.

Pakistan has been fighting America‟s war (against terrorism) according to more than half (55%) of the

respondents; 42% think purpose of the war is to „destabilize Pakistan‟ and 45% think, West‟s interest in the

region.

Almost all the citizens of federal capital (98%) are not in favor of foreign military bases and nearly the

same number (97%) opposes presence of foreign military troops in Pakistan.

Only 7% favor cooperation in foreign military operations (like that of NATO) and same percentage

favors supervision of Western institutions (like IMF) in budget making.

Regarding drone attacks in tribal areas, 54% has the opinion that both militants and civilians are killed

whereas 43% think only civilians are killed; nearly all (97%) are against the attacks.

When asked about dialogue with militants (in tribal regions), about three-quarters (76%) favor

dialogue and almost the same number (77%) opposes Pakistan military operation in the region.



Survey Results

Demographics





Society

You consider our society:

In our society, people believe in:

* Majority ranked the factors in following manner.



In our society, main cause of corruption:

In our society, why people are compelled to commit suicide?



What is your major concern?

You (/ will) focus on your child’s education on:



Your view of head of Islamic welfare state:

You favor / oppose:

a.) One-education system for all.



b.) Reduction in government expenses.

c.) Luxurious lifestyle of elected representatives.



In coming year, you see yourself:

a.) More secure.

b.) Economically stable.



c.) Socially relaxed.

When you see violation of human rights, do you record your protest?



Politics

Do you vote?

If Yes, you vote because of:



You vote a political party on basis of it’s:

If the party you support does not solve public problems, in next election you will vote:



You do not vote, because:

Your view of politics:



Your view of political parties:

Your view of politicians:



If a political party invites you to its office (for discussion), will you visit?

Will you vote in next election?



Governance

In your opinion, government representatives care / don’t care what common citizen

thinks?

What do you think?



Where do you see Pakistan heading?

How you rank (following) issues in Pakistan?

* Majority ranked the issues in following manner.



In your opinion, main cause of corruption in governance:

You favor / oppose:

a.) Pakistan military operation in tribal areas.



b.) Dialogue with militants in tribal areas.

c.) Supervision of West in budget making (…IMF).



Sovereignty

Do you think sovereignty of this Islamic state is being damaged?

If Yes, because of:



* Those whose answer included „Involvement of West in policy-making‟ were asked.

…sovereignty is being damaged because of:

Pakistan has been fighting America’s war (against terrorism):



In your opinion, purpose of this war:

In your opinion, drone attacks in tribal areas kill:



You favor / oppose:

a.) Presence of foreign military troops in Pakistan.

b.) Cooperation in foreign military operations (U.S., NATO…).



c.) Drone attacks.

d.) Foreign military bases in Pakistan (U.S.).



In future, would you be willing to participate in our surveys?

Documents

Public Opinion on Society, Politics, Governance & Sovereignty