Psychology ReviewChapter 15

STRESS

A person’s reaction to his or her inability to cope with a certain tense event or situation.

Stress

“Good” stress. It stems from motivating strivings and challenges.

What is Eustress.

When a person must choose between two or more options that tend to result from opposing motives.

What is conflict situation?

“Bad” stress. Stems from acute anxiety or pressure.

What is distress?

Irate reaction likely to result from frustration.

What is anger?

Vague, generalized apprehension or feeling that one is in danger.

What is anxiety?

This evolutionary response is/was designed to prepare a person for self-defense.

What is the fight-or-flight response?

The stages in the body’s stress reaction.

What is general adaptation syndrome?

What are the three stages of general adaptation syndrome?

What are Alarm, Resistance, and Exhaustion?

Which personality type is generally relaxed and does not easily become angry?

What is Type B?

This is the usual reaction when a stressor involves real or imagined danger.

What is fear?

The level of stress a person feels depends on his or her

a. Moodb. General outlook on lifec. Appraisal of the situationd. Cultural background

Answer: CAppraisal of the situation.

This conflict situation occurs when an individual confronts two unattractive alternatives.

What is avoidance-avoidance?

What do you think Americans regard as one of the foremost irritants causing environmental stress in their lives?

a. Their jobb. Traffic jamsc. Crowdsd. noise

Answer: D Noise

A person’s _____refers to his or her initial evaluation of a situation.

a. Immediate responseb. Stress reactionc. Secondary appraisald. Primary appraisal

Answer: DPrimary Appraisal

A person under stress may developa. Nervous habitsb. Psychosomatic symptomsc. A weakened immune systemd. All of the above

Answer: DAll of the above

True or False?

People who express or deny their negative emotions have a greater risk of getting cancer.

Answer: False. People who do not express or deny their

negative emotions have a greater risk of getting cancer!

During which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is a person especially vulnerable to illness?

What is the stage of exhaustion?

During what stage of the general adaptation syndrome does the person find a way to cope with the stressor and ward off adverse reactions?

What is the stage of resistance?

Analyzing a situation from an emotionally detached viewpoint.

What is intellectualization?

When a person decides that the event is not really a stressor?

What is Denial?

Focusing attention with the goal of clearing one’s mind and producing an “inner peace”.

What is meditation?

The process of ____helps to determine the stress impact of an event.

a. Cognitive learningb. Cognitive appraisalc. Biofeedbackd. intellectualization

Answer: B

Cognitive Appraisal

When you first enter college, you may undergo an emotional experience known as

a. Autonomyb. College shockc. Developmental shockd. resynthesis

Answer: B

College Shock!

College often challenges the ___a student established in high school.

a. Identityb. Autonomyc. Attitudesd. friendships

Answer: A

Identity

In college, you will meet people from a variety of different backgrounds. In this way, you will experience greater ___than ever before.

a. Changeb. Diversityc. Developmentd. autonomy

Answer: B

Diversity

The mobilization for “fight or flight” occurs during which stage?

What is alarm?

Tony, a young boy, wants to pet a friend’s dog, but he is afraid that the dog will bite him. This is the ___conflict.

a. Avoidance-avoidanceb. Approach-avoidancec. Approach-approachd. Double approach-avoidance

Answer: B

Approach-Avoidance

A(n) optimist/pessimist tends to see the dark side of a situation.

Answer: pessimist

A(n) optimist/pessimist tends to put on the best face on any set of events.

An optimist!

Stress may result in ____which are physical symptoms that are caused by stress and tension.

What are psychosomatic symptoms?

What are four active coping mechanisms discussed in your textbook?

Any Four:Hardiness (Control/Commitment/Challenge)Controlling stressful situationsProblem solving (confronting the matter head-on)Explanatory style (optimist or pessimist)RelaxationBiofeedbackHumorExerciseSupport groupsProfessional helpTrainingImproving interpersonal skills

Social support ____our ability to cope with stressful events.

a. Has no effect onb. Usually increasesc. Usually decreasesd. Has an unpredictable effect on

Answer: BUsually increases