Psycho Dynamic Therapies

7/31/2019 Psycho Dynamic Therapies

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PsychodynamicTherapies

Presented By:

Sidra Basharat


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Psychoanalysis

Founded by Sigmund Freud.


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Basic assumptions ofpsychoanalysis Life instincts and Death instincts

Psychic determinism

Topography of psyche

Structure of mind

Psychosexual Stages of Personality

Anxiety and Defense Mechanisms


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Life instincts and Deathinstincts assumes that energy is used in psychological

work .

two main drives

Eros

Thanatos


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Psychic determinism

Everything that happens has a specific,

identifiable cause


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Topography of psyche

three levels of consciousness

conscious (small)

preconscious (small-medium)

unconscious (enormous)


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Structure of mind

three parts of mind with separate motivations

Id

Ego

Super Ego


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Psychosexual Stages ofPersonality Oral Stage

Anal Stage

Phallic Stage

Latency Stage

Genital Stage


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Oral Stage

Birth to 18 months

focused on oral pleasures

Too much or too little gratification cause

fixation or Oral Personality.


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Oral personality

stronger tendency to smoke, drink alcohol,

over eat, etc.

may become overly dependent

may develop pessimism and aggression


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Anal Stage

18 months to three years

focus of pleasure is on eliminating and

retaining feces.

learn to control anal stimulation

Lineate or strict toilet training may cause

fixation or anal personality.


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Anal Personality

an obsession with cleanliness, perfection

(anal retentive).

may become messy and disorganized (anal

expulsive).


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Phallic Stage

ages three to six

pleasure zone switches to the genitals

boy develop unconscious sexual desires for

their mother.


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Oedipus Complex and ElectraComplex develop a fear that their father will punish

them for these feelings (Oedipus Complex)

boys eventually decide to identify with him

rather than fight him and develops masculinecharacteristics.

Girls develop Electra Complex..


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Fixation

sexual deviancies (both overindulging and

avoidance) and weak or confused sexual

identity.


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Latency Stage

age six to puberty

sexual urges remain repressed

interact and play mostly with same sex peers


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Genital Stage

puberty onwards.

sexual urges are once again awakened


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Anxiety

3 types

Realistic anxiety: rooted in reality

Neurotic Anxiety : unconscious fear that the

impulses from the Id will take control.

Moral Anxiety: fear of violating moral codes


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Mind responds to anxiety intwo ways: problem solving efforts started

defense mechanisms triggered


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Defense Mechanisms

Ego develops tactics to help deal with the Id

and the Super Ego.


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Types of Defense Mechanisms

Repression

Denial

Projection

Rationalization

Intellectualization


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Types of Defense Mechanisms

Displacement

Reaction Formation

Sublimation

Regression


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Psychodynamic Therapies

five basic techniques

Free association

Dream Analysis

Analysis of Resistance

Analysis of transference

Hypnosis


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Free association

individual say whatever comes into his or her

mind

technique allows for some catharsis

psychoanalyst interpret material, leads the

client toward better insights .


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Dream Analysis

repressed unconscious material arises within

the context of dreams

Therapist uncover the disguised meanings in

the dream


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Analysis of transference

Therapist provide the client with the insight

into the meaning of his or her reactions to

others by unconscious redirecting clients

feelings from one person to another(therapist).


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Hypnosis

a dynamic and vital healing process focuses

on finding the origin of a persons issues.


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psychodynamics is not useful in psychotic

disorders because of indirect therapy

techniques.


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Limitations

lack of scientific evidence

overemphasis on the sex drive,

pessimism about human nature,

exagerating the role of unconsciousprocesses,

failing to consider motives toward personal

growth.


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Questions..?


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Documents

Psycho Dynamic Therapies