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Psychoanalytic

Psychology

Freud

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Freud & Psychoanalysis

Why important?

Developed 1sttheory of personality

Ideas still widely used Ideas permeate modern culture

Whats the real reason you did that?

Hes all messed up because of the way that his parents

treated him when he was little.

Shes got too much invested in him to walk out now

Asked important questions

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Psychoanalysis

Ideas underlying the theory

1. Psychic determinism

2. Internal structure of the mind

3. Unconscious processes

4. Psychic conflict of the mind

5. Psychic energy fuels the mind

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Levels of Consciousness

1. Conscious mind

2. Preconscious mind

3. Unconscious mind

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Psychic Energy

Homeostasis

Balance

Instincts

Aim, pressure, object, source

Basic Instincts

Libido: life, sex

Thanatos: death, aggression

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Structure of the mind:

Id, Ego, Superego Id (It)

Ego (I)

Superego (Over-I)

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Personality &

Behavior

Id

Superego

Ego

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Anxiety

Danger

Three types

Reality Anxiety

Neurotic Anxiety

Moral Anxiety

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Defense Mechanism

Reduce anxiety

Ego can search for long-term solution

Problems:

Not useful long-termDont solve problem

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Defense Mechanisms

Denial

That cant be true

RepressionOut of sight, out of mind

Reaction Formation

Expressing the opposite reaction Projection

Pointing the finger at others

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More Defense Mechanisms

Displacement

Finding a safe and easy target

RegressionActing like a baby

Rationalization

Saving face by using logic Sublimation

Turning bad into good

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Stages of Development

Theory of personality development

Physical focuserogenous zone

Theme

Fixation

RegressionAdult Character Type

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Stages of Development

Oral Stage 0-18 months

Babies cant do much besidesuse their mouth

Physical Focus: Mouth

Theme: Dependency

Adult Type: Overly independentor overly needy

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Stages of Development

Anal Stage

18 months3 years

Child begins to learn to

control things

Physical Focus: Anus

Theme: Self-control,obedience

Adult Type: Rigid or anti-

authority

Phallic Stage

3-5 years

Boys and girls learn

about physical

differences

Physical Focus: Penis Theme: Sexual Identity;

Identification

Adult Type: Extreme

sexual behavior

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Stages of Development

Latency Stage

6 yearspuberty (13)

Little psychological

development

Learning skills

Genital Stage

Puberty onward

Develop mature attitudeabout sex

Physical Focus: Genitals

Theme: Creation,Enhancement of Life

Adult Type: Well-adjusted and balanced

The essence of mentalhealth is the ability to loveand work.

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Psychosexual Development

Age Theme Fixated Adult

Oral 0

18 months

Dependency Overly

independent or

overly needy

Anal 18 months3years

Self-Control Rigid or anti-

authority

Phallic 3 - 7 years Sexualidentity

Promiscuous or

nonsexual

Latency 712 years Nothing happens

Genital 12 years - Maturity, AdultRelationships

Non-

heterosexual

relationships

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Psychoanalysis

The Talking Cure

Goal is to make the unconscious

conscious

Free association

Dream analysis

Projective techniques

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Evaluating Freuds Theory

Strengths Comprehensive theory

Unconscious

CriticismsDifficult to disprove

No free will? Change?

Sexist?

Emphasis on sexual drives inappropriate?Heterosexuality emphasized

Pessimistic