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PSC capacity development, DGDS, 18.07.2011 1
Developing Port Performance Assessment ToolsAfrican Ports & Maritime Conference
27-30 November, Swakopmund, Namibia
2Swakopmund, 28.11.2011
TLB comprises three sections: facilitation, transport and policy & legislation and the ASYCUDA Programme.
The work of the TLB within UNCTAD’s three pillars
UNCTAD
Research IntergovernmentalTechnical assistance and capacity building
3Swakopmund, 28.11.2011
A Port Performance Measurement may comprise internal control tools and an external benchmarking index.
Port P
erformance C
ontrolling Syste
mP
ort
Per
form
ance
Ind
ex
Portperformance
Internal External
gap
time
Performance
1. Measure2. Evaluate3. Plan4. Improve
1 2
34
4Swakopmund, 28.11.2011
Inboundlogistics
Warehouselogistics
Outboundlogistics
Shipping
Landtransport
Shipping
Landtransport
Flow of goods and materials
Object of investigation
port logisticsexternal external
Vessel dwell time in port Turnover ratio of goods Losses of goods
Truck waiting timeTime per stock removal
The PPC system would aim at increasing efficiency and performance along the entire port process.
- Schematic -
5Swakopmund, 28.11.2011
The PPC system comprises three fields to be defined and adapted according to needs.
PPCOrganisation
PPCSteering tools
PPCMeasurement system
• Process owner• Q-circle/TPC-circle• Continuous improvement• Idea management• …
• Incentive scheme• Ranking
Portperformance Controlling
• Goal system• KPI (e.G. type, monitoring cycle, source of data,
…)• Visualization (e. G. BSC, …)• Critical values (e.G. escalation levels, …)• Recipient (e.G. process owner,…)• …
6Swakopmund, 28.11.2011
The Port Performance Controlling system would aim at increasing efficiency and quality along the port process and at its interfaces.
Inboundlogistics
Warehouselogistics
Outboundlogistics
PPCmeasurement
system
Qualityorganisation
• Process owner• Q-circle/TQM-circle• Continuous improvement• Idea management• …
average• KPI levels• Critical levels• Report recipent• …
Measuring P-levels
Fe
ed
ba
ck loo
p
Improving P-levels
7Swakopmund, 28.11.2011
The methodology of a Port Index would be based on a needs assessment
Please evaluate how suitable the following indicators are to compare and benchmark the competitivness of your port operations with other port service providers.
Very low Very high1. Labour performancea. Costs per employee
b. Throughput per employee
c. Turnover per employee
d. Others_____________________________________________
2. Existence of equipment and capacitya. Number and type of cranes
b. Total length of berth
c. Channel and berth depth
d. Size of terminal areas
e. Equipment labor ratio: labor costs / equipment costs
f. Total throughput
g. Others_____________________________________________
3. Time performancea. Crane productivity: Time of operation / lifts per year
b. Berth productivity: Vessel time at berth / goods transfered
c. Terminal area productivty: Throughput / terminal size
d. Dwell time of goods: Throughput of goods / total dwell time in port
e. Turnaround time of a truck: Number of trucks / truck time at port
f. Others_____________________________________________
4. Cost performance
a. Stevedoring charges per unit
b. Storage charges per unit and single day
c. Unloading charges per unit
d. Net profit margin = net Income / revenue x 100
e. Others_____________________________________________
5. Green performancea. Port air quality (%): Number of days fullfilling international air quality standard / 365 days
b. Port water quality (%): Number of days fulfilling international water quality standard / 365 days
c. Is port ISO 14000 (environmental management) certified?
d. Do you carry out regular environmental audits?
e. Are ballast water treatment facilities available?
f. Do you apply green purchasing policies?
g. Others_____________________________________________
Suitability of indicator to assess port performance
2
a.a.
b.b.
c.c.
d.d.
e.e.
f.f.
g.g.
1
a.a.
b.b.
c.c.
d.d.
3
a.a.
b.b.
c.c.
d.d.
e.e.
f.f.
4
a.a.
b.b.
c.c.
d.d.
e.e.
a.a.
b.b.
c.c.
d.d.
e.e.
f.f.
g.g.
5
Very low Very high
Very low Very high
Very low Very high
Very low Very high
Choice of indicators for building up a port performance index
1 Gathering data Evaluation and Feedback2 Design and launch of index3
Ports worldwide
UNCTAD
Dwell time
Berthproductivity
Craneproductivity
50
100
Time performance
Terminal areproductivity
Labor performance Equipment and capacity Time performance Cost performance Green performance
UNCTAD
Port data
UNCTAD
Port data
Port a
Port b
Port c
Port d
Port e
…..
Port a
Port b
Port c
Port d
Port e
…..
1
2
3
4
5
6
8Swakopmund, 28.11.2011
The port index would be developed and monitored by a neutral body
UNCTAD
Port data
Port a
Port b
Port c
Port d
Port e
…..
Port index Benefits
• Provision of worldwide benchmarks to ports
• Monitoring of performance developments over a
longer time series
• Results evaluation by a neutral and external
body
• Constant update of measurement technique
based on feedback of partners
• Optional: On demand provision of in detail
analysis of port performance and suggested
steps for performance improvement
1
2
3
4
5
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9Swakopmund, 28.11.2011
Thank you
African Ports & Maritime Conference27-30 November, Swakopmund, Namibia
Hannes FinkenbrinkUNCTAD – Trade Logistics Branch
