Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 1/13
McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-1
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 2/13
McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
CHAPTER FIVE
Quality Specification
and Inspection
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 3/13
McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-3
The Transformation and Value-Added
Chain
CustomerConverterSupplier
Customer Supplier Converter
Converter Customer Supplier
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 4/13
McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-4
Opportunity to Affect Value
1.
Need
recognition
2.
Description
3.
Potential
suppliers
4.
Selection
5.
Receipt
6.
Payment
Opportunityto affect
value
High
Acquisition Process Steps
Low
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 5/13
McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-5
Methods of Description
• By brand
• “Or Equal”
• By specification
– Physical or chemical characteristics – Material or method of manufacture
– Performance
• By engineering drawing
• By miscellaneous methods
– Market grades
– Sample
• By a combination of two or more methods
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 6/13
McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-6
Standardization and Simplification
• Standardization : Agreement on definite sizes,
design, quality, or other aspects of the product or
service.
– A technical and engineering concept
• Simplification: A reduction in the number of sizes,
designs or other aspects of the product or service.
– It is a selective and commercial problem
– It may be applied to articles already standardized or as a
step preliminary to standarization
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 7/13 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-7
Total Quality Management
• Quality must be integrated throughout the
organization’s activities
• There must be employee commitment to continuous
improvement• The goal of customer satisfaction, and the systematic
and continuous research process related to customer
satisfaction, drives TQM
• Suppliers are partners in the TQM process
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 8/13 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-8
The Current View of the
Quality-Cost Trade-off
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 9/13 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-9
The Four Major Cost Categories
for Quality
• Prevention costs
• Appraisal costs
• Internal failure costs
• External failure costs
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 10/13 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-10
The Four Integrated Stages of Quality
Functional Deployment
• Product planning - to determine design requirements
• Parts deployment - to determine parts characteristics
• Process planning - to determine manufacturing
requirements
• Production planning - to determine production
requirements
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 11/13 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-11
The Role of Suppliers in QFD
• Product planning - Provide expertise in analyzing
customer requirements and generating a list of new
product ideas
• Parts deployment - Provide alternative designconcepts and estimate the manufacturing costs of
various parts
• Process planning - Suppliers can determine their
existing processes’ constraints
• Production planning - Help develop performance
measurement criteria for production planning
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 12/13 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-12
Process Control
• Process capabil i ty - The ability of the process to meet
specifications consistently
• Statistical process control (SPC) - A technique that
involves testing a random sample of output from a
process in order to detect if nonrandom changes inthe process are occurring
– common causes versus special or nonrandom causes
8/12/2019 P&S Lecture 3 Chapter 5
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ps-lecture-3-chapter-5 13/13 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
5-13
Control Chart
Control Chart
0.027
0.028
0.029
0.03
0.031
0.0320.033
0.034
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Sample Number
UCL
LCL
Sample
Average
