Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur

Delaney Caballero

PROVENCE-ALPES-CÔTE D’AZUR

• Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur is in the southeast corner of France.

• The main city is Marseille.• Other major cities are Nice,

Toulon, Arles, and Cannes. • There are six departments

in this this region. • They are Alpes-de-Haute-

Provence, Hautes-Alpes, Alpes-Maritimes, Bouches-du-Rhône, Var, and Vaucluse.

• The region is often referred to as PACA to abbreviate and was originally called Provence.

• The western boarder of the region consists of the plains.

• The Rhone river constitutes the official western bounds of the region.

• It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the south.

• To the east it is dominated by the Alps. The region is filled with flower fields, vineyards, orchards and olive and mulberry groves and contains mountains.

• Hot temperatures and pleasant climate throughout the year, especially sunny and dry weather during the summer months.

• The hottest region in France and has approximately 2835.5 hours of sunshine a year.

• Is a dry region due to its Mediterranean climate and when it rains, it rains a lot.

• The average temperature in summer is 22.7° C (73° F)

• The average temperature in winter is 6.4° C (44° F).

GEOGRAPHY CLIMATE

RATATOUILLE

• 1/2 onion, finely chopped• 2 garlic cloves, very thinly sliced• 1 cup tomato puree (such as

Pomi)• 2 tablespoons olive oil, divided• 1 small eggplant • 1 small zucchini• 1 small yellow squash• 1 long red bell pepper• Few sprigs fresh thyme• Salt and pepper• Few tablespoons soft goat

cheese, for serving

• In the 18th century, ratatouille was known as a farmers' dish.

• The name comes from the informal French words rata - "rough stew“ and touiller – “to stir /toss” food.

• The two main ways to serve ratatouille are as a stew or concentrically.

INGREDIENTS

RATATOUILLE

CONCENTRICALLY STEW

GORGES DU VERDON• Gorges du Verdon is

considered one of Europe’s most beautiful river canyons.

• The gorge is about 25 kilometers long and up to 700 meters deep.

• It straddles the Var and Alpes de Hautes Provence départements.

• Because of its proximity to the French Riviera, the canyon is very popular with tourists.

• The Styx du Verdon, named after the river Styx of Greek mythology, is a sub-canyon within the canyon itself.

CARNAVAL DE NICE• The Carnaval de Nice is one of the largest

carnivals in the world and the main winter event on the French Riviera.

• The earliest known celebration of a carnival in Nice goes back to 1294, when the Count of Provence Charles d'Anjou spent the "the joyous days of Carnival" in Nice.

• The Carnival is held every year, usually in mid-February to early March.

• There are three parades constituting the 15 day carnival; Carnival Parades, Flower Parades, and Parade of Lights.

• The traditional paper mache floats are still used.• The parades take place day and night

with about 20 floats in each parade. • About 90% of the flowers used in the

Flower Parades are grown locally. • On each float, costumed models throw

80 to 100,000 flowers to the crowd. • The Carnival route is on the

Promenade de Anglais and ends at the Place Masséna.

• This year’s theme is “Roi de la Méditerranee” or “King of the Mediterranean”.

CARNAVAL DE NICE

FLOWER PARADE PARADE OF LIGHTS

“PACA”

• Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur was not the original name for the region.

• The name suggests that it is characterized by contrasting identities and landscapes, united by a Latin and Mediterranean Provencal culture, and a sunlit climate.

• Originally, it was called Provence, then Provence-Côte d’Azur, and finally changed to Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. • Many of the national and

regional parks are located in this area.

• “Côte d’Azur”, literally translating to “Riviera”, describes the beautiful Mediterranean area of the region.

• The French Riviera is filled with beaches and coves, and is the most populated area of the region.

• The “Provence” part of the name describes the vineyards, orchards, lavender fields, ponds, marshes, and plains with wild horses.

• “Alpes” was added as part of the name to describe the south-eastern end of the alpine arc, located less than two hours from the sea. Fauna and flora are grown all over the base of the mountains.

PAUL CÉZANNE

• Paul Cézanne was born on January 19, 1839 in Aix-en-Provence in PACA.

• He was a French artist and Post-Impressionist painter whose work laid the foundations of the transition from the 19th century art styles to the new modern art of the 20th century.

• Cézanne is said to form the bridge between late 19th century Impressionism and Cubism.

• Because of this, he is known as the “Father of Cubism”• Cézanne's work demonstrates a mastery of design,

color, tone, composition and draughtsmanship (skilled in drawing machinery).

• In the beginning of his career, Cézanne focused on painting landscapes and imaginative figures within them.

• Later in his career, he became more interested in working from direct observation and gradually developed a light, airy painting style that enormously influenced the Impressionists.

• His work is broken down into four categories: Dark period, Paris (1861-187); Impressionist period, Provence and Paris (1870-1878); Mature period, Provence (1878-1890); Final period, Provence (1890-1905)

• His greatest influencers were Eugène Delacroix, Edouard Manet, Camille Pissarro.

• The artists he influenced most were Georges Braque, Henri Matisse, Pablo Picasso.

• On October 22, 1906, Cézanne died of pneumonia and was buried at the old cemetery in his hometown.

THE GREEKS IN PACA• In the 7th century BC, traders from

Rhodes were visiting the coast of Provence.

• In 600 BC, the first permanent Greek settlement was Massalia, established at modern-day Marseille, by colonists coming from Phocaea.

• Massalia became one of the major trading ports of the ancient world.

• At its height, in the 4th century BC, it had a population of about 6,000 inhabitants.

• It had a large temple honoring Apollo on a hilltop overlooking the port, and a temple in honor of Artemis at the other end of the city.

• Drachma coins that were minted in Massalia were found in all parts of Ligurian-Celtic Gaul.

• The most famous citizen of Massalia was the mathematician, astronomer, and navigator Pytheas.

• The Massalians established 11 colonies that eventually became towns.

• Nice and Monaco are among the colonies that were settled.

• The Massalians aslo established overland trade routes deep into Gaul, Switzerland, and Burgundy, and as far north as the Baltic Sea.

• They exported their own products, such as wine, salted pork and fish, aromatic and medicinal plants, coral, and cork.

WORD BANK

• Départments• Gorges du Verdon• Roi de la Méditerranée• Papier mâché• Temple • Touristes• Côte • Carnaval • Flotteur • Grecque

• Departments• Verdon Gorge• King of the Mediterranean • Paper mache• Temple • Tourist• Coast • Carnival • Float• Greek

FRENCH ENGLISH

BIBLIOGRAPHY • http://www.french-at-a-touch.com/French_Regions/Provenc

e-Alpes/provence-alps-cote_d_azur_21.htm• http://www.french-property.com/regions/provence_alpes_co

te_dazur/weather-climate/

• http://www.1stpaca.com/cultureuk/pacauk.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provence-Alpes-C%C3%B4te_d'

Azur

• http://smittenkitchen.com/2007/07/rat-a-too-ee-for-you-ee/• http://www.nicecarnaval.com/en/index.php • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne • http://

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provence#The_Greeks_in_Provence • http://www.provenceweb.fr/e/groupes/verdon/pays.htm • http://www.provenceweb.fr/e/groupes/verdon/gorges.htm