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PROTEIN BASED NANO MACHINES FOR SPACE

APPLICATIONS

Dr. Constantinos Mavroidis, Associate Professor

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyNIAC Phase I GrantNIAC Phase I Grant

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THE TEAM

Dr. C. MavroidisAssociate Professor Mechanical Engineering, Rutgers University

Dr. M. YarmushChair, Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University

Dr. M. S. TomassoneAssistant Professor, Biochemical Engineering Rutgers University

Dr. F. PapadimitrakopoulosAssociate Professor Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut

Dr. B. YurkeResearcher, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies Inc.

Mr. Atul DubeyGraduate Student Rutgers University

Ms. Angela ThorntonGraduate Student Rutgers University

Mr. Kevin NikitczukUndergraduate Student Rutgers University

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OUR VISIONTo Develop Protein Based To Develop Protein Based NanoNano Machines and RobotsMachines and Robots

NovelNovelBiologicalBiologicalMultiMulti--Degree of FreedomDegree of FreedomApplyApply Forces Forces Manipulate Objects Manipulate Objects Move From Move From NanoNano to Macroto MacroLightweight / EfficientLightweight / EfficientSelfSelf--AssemblingAssemblingSelfSelf--ReproducingReproducing

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APPLICATIONS

Outer Outer SpaceSpace and Planetary Missionsand Planetary Missions

Colonization

Workstations

Military

Medical

Manufacturing

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APPLICATIONS

Bio-Nano-Robot Repairing a Damaged Blood Cell

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0-10 YEARS: DEVELOPMENT OF BIO NANO COMPONENTS

DNA VPL Motor Bacteriorhodopsin

DNA – Structural Member, Power Source

VPL – Protein Based Actuator

Bacteriorhodopsin, HSF – Nano Sensors

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MACRO-NANO EQUIVALENCEStructural Elements

Metal, Plastic Polymer DNA, Nanotubes

Power Sources

Electric Motors, Pneumatic Actuators, Smart Materials, Batteries, etc.

ATPase, VPL Motor, DNA

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MACRO-NANO EQUIVALENCE

Compliance DevicesSprings

Various Types of Gears, Belts, Chains etc.

VPL Platforms, DNA Double Crossover Molecules

β-Sheets

Transmission Elements

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MACRO-NANO EQUIVALENCE

Sensors

Light sensors, force sensors, position sensors, temperature sensors

Actuated Joints

Revolute, Prismatic, Spherical Joints etc.

DNA Nanodevices,Nanojoints

Rhodopsin, Heat Shock Factor

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10-20 YRS: NANOROBOTIC ASSEMBLIES

ATPase Motor Propelled

Structure – Nanotubes

Legs – Helical Proteins

Vision of a Nano Robot

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20-30 YRS – SELF SUSTAINMENT AND REPLICATION

Self Replication SustainmentSwarm IntelligenceControllability

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30-50 YRS – DEPLOYMENT FOR SPACE COLONIZATION

Courtesy: http://members.cox.net/kableguy/bryceworks/

Space Colonization

Non-living Robots

Bio Mimetic

Remote Sensing

Signal Transmission

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SPECIFIC AIMS FOR PHASE I

Identify Proteins for Use in Nanoscale MechanismsIdentify Proteins for Use in Nanoscale Mechanisms

Develop Concepts for Bio Develop Concepts for Bio NanoNano Machine componentsMachine components

Develop Dynamic Models and Realistic SimulationsDevelop Dynamic Models and Realistic Simulations

Perform a Series of Biomolecular ExperimentsPerform a Series of Biomolecular Experiments

Assembly and Interface Assembly and Interface NanoNano Machine ComponentsMachine Components

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VPL MOTOR CONCEPT

Viral Membrane Peptides

pH Dependent

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VPL ACTUATED PLATFORMS

Viral Protein Linear Motor Actuated Parallel Platforms with Controllable Motion

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VPL OUTPUT MULTIPLICATION

VPL Motors in Parallel –Force Multiplication

VPL Motors in Series –Displacement Multiplication

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BIOSENSOR SYSTEM

HSF Protein in Organisms

Responds to Stimuli – Trimerises

Binds to DNA

Color Change

Signal Transmission

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MULTI- DOF DEVICES

3 VPL Actuators

Nanotubes

DNA Joints

Response to pH Changes

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COMPUTATIONAL STUDIESModel Reversible Folding of VPL Motor Protein

Estimate Forces, Displacements etc. Through Energy

Software Usage - CHARMM

Input – Structure Files in .pdb Format

Output – Simulated Energy and Displacements

Microsecond Modeling – Assumptions, Targeted MD

Parallel Processing Facilities at CAIP (Teal)

Comparison with Experimental Observations

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EXPERIMENTAL WORK

Peptide Selection

Protein ExpressionProtein PurificationProtein Conformation as a Function of pH Calculate Force Expended upon ExtensionReversibilityDifferent Sequence - Different Designs

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WEBPAGE

http://bionano.rutgers.edu

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OUTREACH ACTIVITIES

High School Students in Research

Minority Students in Research

Undergraduate Students Employed

Technology Transfer

International and Industry Collaboration

Colloquiums, Symposia and Journal Clubs

Interdepartmental Course on Bio Nano Technology

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

NASA Institute of Advanced Concepts (NIAC)SROA Program and Rutgers University, NJNSF Nanomanufacturing Program