Prospects of Agriculture & Allied Sectors in Shaping the ...sibnarayandamroy.in/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/INSPIRE.pdf · FLORICULTURE • Cultivation of flowering and ornamental

Prospects of Agriculture & Allied

Sectors in Shaping the Nation

Dr.S.Dam Roy, PhD, ARS

Director

CIARI, Port Blair 2/28/2015 1 86th ICAR Foundation Day, 16th July,2014

Agricultural development is vital in our country since a vast majority of the workforce derive their livelihood from it.

India has the potential to become the food supplier of the world.

It has the cultivable land, all the seasons for production of all varieties of crops, fruits and vegetables, well developed agribusiness system that works in its own way.

AGRICULTURE – IS INDIAN CULTURE

2/28/2015 2 86th ICAR Foundation Day, 16th July,2014

Indian Agriculture

Provides about 65% of the livelihood

Accounts for 14 % of GDP

Contributes 21% of Total Exports, and Supplies

Raw materials to Industries

Growth Rate in production - 5.7%

Food grains production – 255.17 mt


India’s position in world Agriculture

Particulars Rank

• Total Area Seventh

• Irrigated Area First

• Population Second

• Economically Active population Second

• Total Cereals Third

• Wheat Second

• Rice Second

• Coarse grains Fourth

• Total Pulses First

• Oil Seeds Second

• Fruits and Vegetables Second

• Implements (Tractors) Third

• Milk First

• Live Stock (cattle, Buffaloes) First


Agricultural Resources

Total Geographical Area (TGA) - 329 M.H

Potential for Biological Production - 265 M.H

Net Sown Area (NSA) - 143 M.H

Net Irrigated Area - 56 M.H

Area threatened by land degradation - 50% of T GA

Drought-prone Area - 190 M.H


AGRICULTURE – THE BACKBONE OF INDIAN ECONOMY

“It is projected that India will need to grow its agricultural output by12% to feed its people in 2020. Much of this has to come by growing more on the same amount of land. This land, however, is weakening and withering” ------

The Economic times in its edition dated 12th July’2011.


India has an agriculture-based economy.

43% of India’s territory remains employed in agricultural activities as against 11% in the world.

Sunshine hours and day length are ideally suited for round the year cultivation of crops.

There are 20 agro-climatic regions and nearly 46 out of 60 soil types in the country.

AGRICULTURE – THE FUTURE IS HERE


Mile Stones in Agricultural Development

Green Revolution (1968)

Ever-Green Revolution (1996)

Blue Revolution (water, fish)

White Revolution (Milk)

Yellow Revolution (Oil seeds)

Golden Revolution (Horticulture)

Bio-Technology Revolution

ICT Revolution


Livestock Sector

In 2010-11, livestock generated outputs

worth Rs 2075 billion which comprised 4%

of the GDP and 26% of the agricultural

GDP.

Milk production is 139 million tonnes ( 1st

in world)

Meat production 4.5 MT (5th in world)

Egg : 56 billion eggs ( 3rd in world)


Trends in per capita income and energy intake(1974 to 2002)

Food Situation in India: post independence period

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2006

Population, GDP and Foodgrain Production

Population

GDP

Foodgrain Production


Indra Gandhi

NE Borlaug MS Swaminathan

Verghese Kurien

Lal Bahadur

Sastri

C. Subramaniam

Pillars of Green Revolution 2/28/2015 11 86th ICAR Foundation Day, 16th July,2014

India is one of the 12 mega biodiversity areas of the

world and has two biodiversity hot spots namely Eastern

Himalayas and Western Ghats.

India has got 45000wild species of plants, 167 crops

species and wild relatives and ranks 7th in terms of

agricultural crop diversity.

Andaman & Nicobar Islands are considered as 3rd

Biodiversity hot spots because of confluence of Indo-

Burma & Indo-Thai floral and faunal diversity.

Agro biodiversity in India


Livestock biodiversity

• Presently, there are 135 registered breeds of livestock and poultry in India which includes 34 breeds of cattle, 12 of buffalo, 39 of sheep, 21 of goats, 6 of horse and ponies, 8 of camel and 15 of chicken, besidespopulations/breeds of other species like pigs, mules, donkeys, yaks, mithuns,ducks, quails etc.


Flora of Andaman & Nicobar Island

2426 species of angiosperms

8 species of gymnosperm

300 species of medicinal plants

130 species of orchids

150 species of fruits and vegetables

10 species of oil yielding plants


FAUNA of THE ISLANDS

215 species of butterflies

68 species of birds

1434 species of fishes

300 species of corals

120 species of sponges

34 species of mangroves


Yellow fin Tuna

Tuna fishes TUNA FISHING BOAT ‘BLUE MARLIN’


species of Fishes


New species of Sponges

Phyllospongia lamellosa Crella cyathophora

Xestospongiae testudinaria Neopetrosia exigua


Major genera's of coral species in North

Bay, South Andaman

Acropora species Montipora species

Goniopora species Fungia species Pocillopora spp.

Porites spp


Scientists and their Contributions


• He invented and fabricated numerous instruments for his research.

• Crescograph is one such

instrument which can record plant’s growth at the level of 1/100,000 inch per second.

• With the help of those

instruments he showed that plants can feel pain, understand affection similar to those of humans and animals.

Dr. Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose


Dr.Hargobind Khurana

First scientist to synthesize oligonucleotides.

He extended the above to long DNA Polymers

using non-aqueous chemistry and assembled

these into the first synthetic gene,

using polymerase and ligase enzymes that link

pieces of DNA together as well as methods that

anticipated the invention of PCR .

These custom-designed pieces of artificial

genes are widely used in biology labs for

sequencing, cloning and engineering new plants

and animals.


Dr.M.S.Swaminathan- Father of Green Revolution in Indian

Mankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan

(born 7 August 1925) is an Indian

geneticist and international

administrator, renowned for his leading

role in India's "Green Revolution," a

program under which high-yield

varieties of wheat and rice seedlings

were planted in the fields of poor

farmers.


Dr. M.V. Gupta

Winner of World Food prize for Year 2005 at

washington

Sixth Indian to win Food prize.

Dr. M. V. Gupta was awarded in recognition of increased fish production

in Vietnam, Laos, Bangladesh and some South African countries

World Food prize- Created By Nobel Laureate Norman Borlag for

outstanding achievements in Food and Agriculture aimed at Reducing

Malnutrition and enhancing production


Dr. Hiralal Chaudhari and Dr. Alikunhi

First success in Induced breeding of Indian major carp (Rohu and Mrigal)

by administering fish Pituitary extracts in 1957

The same hypophysation technique is presently followed by farmers in

India to achieve breeding since Indian major carps (Catla, Rohu and

Mrigal) do not breed in confined ponds

Present day breeding uses synthethic hormones (Ovaprim, ovatide) in

addition to pituitary extracts to breed fishes in captivity

Achieved this historic feat at Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute

sub station at Cuttack(Odisha)


Dr.Gurudev Kush

• Golden Rice is a new type

of rice that is unique

because it contains beta-

carotene - giving it a

golden color.

• The work was done at IRRI,

Philippines


Dr.K.L.Chada

Pioneer in initiating the

Research and Developmental

activities in Horticulture in

India.


Dr.S.Ayyappan- DG, ICAR & Secretary,DARE, GOI

2/28/2015 86th ICAR Foundation Day, 16th July,2014 28

The ICAR, one of the largest R&D institutions dedicated to agricultural research has 5,000 scientists working in 45 institutes, 17 National Research Centres, 4 Deemed Universities, 6 National Bureaus, 25 Directorates and Project Directorates, 569 Krishi Vigyan Kendras, 44 state agricultural universities across the country and one Central Agricultural University at Manipur.

Dr Ayyappan obtained his B.F.Sc and M.F.Sc degrees from College of Fisheries, Mangalore and PhD from Bangalore University.

CAREERS IN AGRICULTURE

& ALLIED SECTORS


World’s most primitive science of understanding the Plants,

animals, environment and human relations.

Systems related to physics, chemistry and biology through

Domestication, Culture, Reproduction, Economics, Genetics,

Breeding , Engineering and other applied versions.

Modern Agriculture is a very competitive science for the purpose

of feeding billions of human and livestock, GDP of a country,

international trade and relations.

Just imagine if we don’t have basic needs of food, fiber, water,

air, shelter and money..?

Agriculture and Science


Entry into science of Agriculture

• Graduate level professional and specialized studies through four year courses in agriculture universities, veterinary Universities, Deemed Universities and Central Universities.

B.Sc Agriculture

B.Sc. Horticulture

B.F.Sc. (Fisheries)

B.F.Sc. (Forestry)

B. Tech. Agri. Engineering,

B. Tech. Dairy Technology

B. Tech (Horticultures)

B.V.Sc


Branches of Agriculture

Genetics and Plant Breeding

Agronomy

Soil Science

Plant pathology

Plant physiology

Entomology

Nematology

Extension


BRANCHES OF HORTICULTURE

• Floriculture

• Pomology

• Olericulture

• Arboriculture

• Turf management

• Landscape horticulture

• Viticulture

• Postharvest


FLORICULTURE

• Cultivation of flowering

and ornamental plants for

gardens and for floristry,

comprising the floral

industry


POMOLOGY

• Production and marketing

of pome fruits.

• Development, cultivation

and physiological studies

of stone fruit trees.


OLERICULTURE

• Study of vegetable growing,

dealing with the culture of

non-woody (herbaceous)

plants for food

• Production of plants for use of

the edible parts.


ARBORICULTURE

• Cultivation, management,

and study of individual

trees, shrubs, vines and

other perennial woody plants


TURF MANAGEMENT

• Production and maintenance

of turf grass for sports,

leisure use or amenity use.


LANDSCAPE HORTICULTURE

• Production, marketing

and maintenance of

landscape plants.


VITICULTURE

• Production and marketing

of grapes


Agri- Horticulture Courses offers University State Name of the University Course offered

UG PG PhD

Andhra

Pradesh

A.P.Horticultural , Tadepalligudem

Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural

University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad

University of Horticultural Science

Bihar Rajendra Agricultural

University,Pusa,Samastipur

Chhattisgarh Indra Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya,

Krishak Nagar,Raipur

Delhi Indian Agricultural Research Institute

,Pusa, New Delhi

Gujarat Navsari Agricultural University,

Vijalpore,Navsari

Anand agricultural University, Anand

Juagadh Agriculture Univeristy,Moti

Baug, Agril.campus,Junagadh

Haryana Chaudhary charan Singh Haryana,

Agricultural University ,Hissar

Himachal

Pradesh

Dr.Y.S.P.University of Horticulture &

Forestry

Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal

Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya


J & K Sher-E-Kashmir University of

Agricultural Science & Technology,

Jammu

Jharkhand Birsa Agricultural

University,Kanke,Ranchi-

834006,Jharkhad

Karnataka University of Horticultural Science

University of Agricultural

Science,Raichpur,Karnataka

Kerala Kerala Agricultural University ,P.O

Vellanikkara, Thrissur

Madhya

Pradesh

Rajmata VRS Agricultural University,

Gwalior

Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi

Vishwavidyalaya, Krishi

Nagar,Jabalpur

Maharashtra Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth

,Rahuri

Marathwada Agri.University, Parbhani

Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi


North East

Punjab

Central Agriculture University

,Imphal

Punjab Agricultural University

,Ludhiana

Rajasthan Rajasthan Agricultural University

,Bikaner

Maharana PratapUniversity of

Agricultural & Technology, Udaipur

Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu Agricultural University

,Coimbatore

Uttar Pradesh Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of

Agriculture & technology , Modipuram

,Meerut

Banaras Hindu

University,Varanasi,U.P.

Chandra Shekar Azad University of

Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur

Allahabad Agricultural Institute,

Allahabad

West Bengal Bidhan Chandra Krishi

vishwavidyalaya,P.O.Krishi

Viswavidyalaya,Mohanpur,Nadia,West

Bengal


FISHERIES SCIENCES AS CAREER


WHY TO GO FOR FISHERIES

Fisheries is one of the relatively less explored professional field

compared to medicine/ engineering and offers immense scope

Opportunities for Government(State/Central) jobs, Private business is

worth mentioning compared to any other field.

Shrimp farming/Fish farming is one of the most lucrative business

practiced in India. Ornamental fisheries has global market options.


Aquaculture

Fish Nutritionist

Fish Pathologist/microbiologist

Fish Biotechnologist

Fisheries Resource

Management

Fisheries oceanography

Marine Biologist

Fisheries Environmentalist

FISH PROCESSING

Quality control officer

Post Harvest technologist

Highly reputed professional were produced by Indian

fisheries colleges working globally

BRANCHES OF FISHERIES PROFESSIONAL


COURSES OFFERED BY

Fisheries Colleges

• 1st Fisheries college- Mangalore(1969)

• 19 Fisheries colleges at present in country

• B.F.Sc(Bachelor of Fisheries Science)

• M.F.Sc(Master of Fisheries Science)

Central Institutes

Central Institute of Fisheries Education- Mumbai

(Only M.F.Sc and PhD)

Allied Institutes

CIBA, CIFA, CMFRI, CIFT, CIFRI, NBFGR

Eligibility for M.F.Sc B.F.Sc graduates only

Eligibility for B.F.Sc After 10+2 Can qualify through ALL India ICAR Exam nationally or by State Universities Through counseling


JOBS STATE CENTRAL PRIVATE HIGHER

STUDIES/FOREIGN

SELF

EMPLOYED

Miscellanous/

Unknown

Statistics

in number

of students

taken from

12

Colleges

from 1969

to 1998

1507 318 1046 551 240 133

FISHERIES CAREER STATISTICS

Nandeesha, M.C. 2013. Fishing Chimes. Vol 33.No 5. August 2013


Scope and opportunities

Colleges offering Fisheries science courses and seats are being increased

considering its potential

In State like Andhra Pradesh fisheries is a primary business worth crores

of rupees

Sea (See) the opportunity. Our country is covered by sea three sides.

In our Islands even Fisheries is having most potential and least exploited

compared with other resources


Veterinary profession

• Veterinary science is the science of diagnosing, treating and curing the diverse types of diseases in birds and animals.

Criteria : XII Pass with Science Discipline

Admission through entrance : Veterinary Council of India : 15% of seats for each university

No of veterinary universities : 8

Colleges : 40

Duration : 4 ½ years with 6 months internship

Degree : B.V.Sc & AH (Bachelor of Veterinary Science and Animal

Husbandry


Veterinary Specialization for higher education

• Pathology

• Microbiology

• Biotechnology

• Medicine

• Surgery

• Pharmacology & Toxicology

• Veterinary Public Health

• Parasitology

• Anatomy

• Gynaecology

• Extension • Dairy Technology • Wildlife • Economics • Nutrition • Poultry Science • Genetics & breeding • Livestock products technology • Livestock production

management • Biochemistry


Govt. Jobs / Public Sector • Civil Services (IAS/IFS & Allied)

• Scientist(ARS)

• Lecturer, Assistant Professor, Training Associate in

Agricultural Universities and Colleges

• Horticulture Officer/ Agriculture Officer/Vet.Officer by State

Public Service Commission

• Assistant Agriculture Officer

• Technical Assistant/ Training Assistant in SAU, ICAR, DRDO,

IARI & CSIR

• Horticulture Inspector /Food Inspector / Marketing

Inspector/ Agriculture Development Officer in DSSSB/HPSC

• Fellowship by ICAR: Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR),

New Delhi offers JRF (Junior Research Fellowship) and SRF (Senior

Research Fellowship) to those who qualify the respective

examinations conducted by ICAR from time to time.


Private Sector

• A Horticulturist or Supervisor (Landscape) in Industries,

Hotels, Golf Courses & Construction Companies etc

• Marketing jobs are also offered by various pesticide and

insecticide companies.

• Self-employment in Horticulture: Start business of

Nursery raising of fruit plants and ornamental plants by

the plant material using various techniques (e.g.

grafting, budding, tissue culture, layering and

vegetative propagation).


Off shoots after Graduate studies

• On campus placements for banking, public and private sector.

• Master’ Degree programmes in Agri Business and Science.

• Open to all graduate level entries in defense, police and civil cervices as graduate level curriculum is one of the best in country for such exams.

• Business opportunities and entrepreneurship in Agri processing, seed production, value addition, marketing , organic food etc. .

• Research and Development.


Higher studies

For Higher studies competitive grants are

available through JRF and SRF tests conducted

by ICAR, CSIR, ICMR, DBT, JNU and many NGO’s

fund Doctoral and Post Doctoral studies.

The options are available for overseas grants

through different ministries and open vacancies.


Research Services

• Research services are offered by Public sector through ICAR, DBT, Universities, CSIR, DRDO mainly after M.Sc/ M. Tech with NET eligibility.

• Lateral entries are also open for experienced researchers in different institutions.

• Private sector provide very handsome offers for outstanding candidates.

• Options for being International Researchers in CGIAR and UN organizations.


Agriculture - Culture of All

Agriculture will shape our future!

IN FACT it is the real hope

for a Healthier, happier future!


THANKS


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Prospects of Agriculture & Allied Sectors in Shaping the ...sibnarayandamroy.in/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/INSPIRE.pdf · FLORICULTURE • Cultivation of flowering and ornamental