Properties of Matter.

Mrs. Lapierre Chemistry

What is a property?

• In chemistry, a

property is what

we use to

distinguish

between different

types of matter.

• There are two

types:

• Chemical.

• Physical.

Why do I care what a property is?

“The more properties we can identify for a

substance, the better we know the nature of

that substance. These properties can then

help us model the substance and thus

understand how this substance will behave

under various conditions.” http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/C101webnotes/matter-and-energy/properties.html

Chemical Properties

Chemical properties change the chemical

composition.

Examples:

heat of combustion.

Reaction with water or other

molecules/atoms.

Changes in pH.

Physical Properties

Physical properties DO NOT change the

chemical composition.

Examples:

Color.

Density.

Hardness.

Melting Point/Boiling Point/Freezing Point.

Smell.

Two types of physical properties are:

extensive properties and intensive properties.

Extensive Properties

Extensive properties

depend on the amount

of the substance is

present.

Examples:

Volume.

Mass.

Length.

Weight.

Intensive Properties

Intensive properties are independent on the

amount of the substance

present (they don’t care

how much is there!)

Examples:

Color.

Melting/Boiling/Freezing point.

Luster.

Malleability.

Conductivity.

ALL chemical properties

are INTENSIVE!!!!!!!

Chemical Changes

Chemical changes, produce a new

substance and follow

these steps:

1. One or more substances

are used up (doesn’t

have to be completely).

2. One or more new

substances are formed.

3. Energy is absorbed or

released.

Physical Changes

Physical changes DO NOT

produce a new substance.

Examples:

Melting/Boiling/Freezing.

Color.

Energy is released or

absorbed .

A physical change can

suggest that a chemical

change has happened.

1. Water boils at 100 degrees

Celsius.

a. This is a physical property.

b. This is a chemical property.

Quiz

2. Diamonds are capable of

cutting glass.

a. This is a physical property.

b. This is a chemical property.

Quiz

3. Water can be separated by

electrolysis into hydrogen and

oxygen.

a. This is a physical property.

b. This is a chemical property.

Quiz

4. Vinegar will react with baking

soda.

a. This is a physical property.

b. This is a chemical property.

Quiz

5. Wood is burning.

a. This is a physical property.

b. This is a chemical property.

Quiz

6. Sugar is capable of dissolving

in water.

a. This is a physical property.

b. This is a chemical property.

Quiz

7. Dry ice, solid carbon dioxide, is

sublimed at room temperature.

a. This is a physical change.

b. This is a chemical change.

Quiz

8. Salt is dissolved in water.

a. This is a physical change.

b. This is a chemical change

Quiz

10. Gasoline burns in the

presence of oxygen.

a. This is a physical change.

b. This is a chemical change.

Quiz

11. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes

to water and oxygen.

a. This is a physical change.

b. This is a chemical change.

Quiz

9. Iron rusts in a damp environment.

a. This is a physical change.

b. This is a chemical change

Quiz

Video Time

The Properties Song - Mr. Edmonds

Mixtures

Mixture: is the blend of two or more

kinds of matter. Each type of matter

retains its own identity and properties

Two types: Homogeneous and

Heterogeneous.

Chumbler - Properties of Matter 22

Types of Mixtures

Homogeneous: The same composition

throughout. Also known as Solutions.

Examples: Salt water, Acid solutions,

Rubbing Alcohol (isopropanol)

What are some other homogeneous

mixtures?

Chumbler - Properties of Matter 23

Types of Mixtures

Heterogeneous: Not uniform throughout.

Examples: Sand and water, oil and vinegar,

milk

What are some other Heterogeneous

mixtures?

Chumbler - Properties of Matter 24

Pure Substances

Pure substance: has a fixed composition

but differs from a mixture in the following

ways:

EVERY sample of the substance has exactly

the same characteristic properties.

EVERY sample of the substance has exactly

the same composition.

Pure substances are made up of only ONE

element or ONE compound

Chumbler - Properties of Matter 25

Laboratory Chemicals and

Purity

News Flash---- OH NO!!!

Lab chemicals are treated as if they are

pure; however, they will have some

impurities.

Chumbler - Properties of Matter 26