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Properties of Subatomic Particles. Subatomic Particles Proton Positively charged particle Equal to the Atomic Number Electron Negatively charged particle Equal to # of protons (in a neutral atom) Neutron Uncharged particle (neutral) Equal to Mass Number – Atomic Number. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Particle Symbol Relative Charge
Relative Mass (proton = 1)
Actual Mass (g)
Electron e- 1- 1/1840 9.11X10-28
Proton p+ 1+ 1 1.67x10-24
Neutron n0 0 1 1.67x10-24
Properties of Subatomic Particles
Subatomic ParticlesProtonPositively charged particle Equal to the Atomic Number
ElectronNegatively charged particleEqual to # of protons (in a neutral atom)
NeutronUncharged particle (neutral)Equal to Mass Number – Atomic Number
Location of Subatomic ParticlesProtons and neutrons are found in the nucleusElectrons located in energy levels (orbitals) outside of the nucleus
CCarbon
6
12.011
Atomic
Number
Element
Name
Chemical
Symbol
Atomic
Mass/Weight
Atomic NumberNumber of protons in atomNumber of electrons in atom
Mass Number (Atomic Mass rounded)Number of protons plus neutrons
Chemical SymbolOne or two letters that stand for the element
126C protons=6
electrons = 6 neutrons=6(12-6)
atomic number
mass number (rounded atomic mass)
Ions-atoms that have gained or lost electrons (negative particles)
Anion: atoms that have gained electrons and have a negative charge
Cation: atoms that have lost electrons and have a positive charge
Isotopes-Atoms that have the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons-different mass numbers
Neon-20 10 neutronsNeon-21 11 neutronsNeon-22 12 neutrons
(Average) Atomic Mass
-isotopes occur in nature in a certain percentage (percent natural abundance) -the atomic mass of an element is a weighted average mass of atoms occurring in nature-see table 4.3
Name Percent Abundance
Mass (amu) Average Atomic Mass
Carbon-12 98.89 12.00012.011
Carbon-13 1.11 13.003
Carbon-14 ≤.01 14.000
(.9889 * 12.000) + (0.0111 * 13.003) = 12.011