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Properties of MatterPage 11 of INB
• What has to change for a substance to change from one state to another?
Definite Composition
John Dalton, in the early 1800's, figured out that each chemical element is composed of a unique type of atom, and that these atoms differed by their masses. He devised a system of chemical symbols and, figured out the relative weights of atoms, then arranged them into a table.
MatterAnything that has mass and takes up space
Matter exists in four states: solid, liquid,
gas and plasma
Mass and Weight are DIFFERENT!• Mass
Measure of the amount of matterMetric system unit is kilograms (kg)Mass never changes in an object
• WeightThe force of gravity on an objectWeight = Mass (Acceleration of Gravity)Metric system unit is Newton (N)
Matters Building BlocksAtom Element Compound
Classification of Properties
Extensive- Depends on amount of matter- Volume, mass, amount of energy
Intensive- DOESN’T depend on amount of
matter, but the type of matter instead
- Melting point, boiling point, density, ability to conduct and transfer energy
Physical Properties of Matter
Characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance (“Personal” Description of
Substance )Size
color
Cut
Physical Properties: Change of State
Solid (definite volume + shape)
Liquid (definite volume + indefinite shape)
Gas (NO definite volume or shape)
Phase Diagram: Water
Chemical Properties of Matter
Characteristics that relate to the substances ability to change and transform into a
different substance
Chemical change = the conversion of one or more substances into another
Reactants Products
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2Light energy
Solid
Liquid Gas