PROPERTIES OFACIDS AND BASES
Lesson 6.1
I. Salts
� A salt is a soluble ionic compound.� Acid + Base à salt + H2O
NaCl CuSO4 K2Cr2O7
II. Acids
� increase [H+] in water� Characteristics:� taste sour
II. Acids
� turn pH or litmus paper red
II. Acids
� react with metals to form H2 gas� Zn + 2 HCl à ZnCl2 + H2
II. Acids
� dissolve carbonates to make CO2
� 2 HCl + CaCO3 à CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
II. Acids� Common acids:� hydrochloric (HCl) – human stomach� sulfuric (H2SO4) – acid rain and car batteries� acetic (HC2H3O2) – vinegar
II. Acids� citric (C6H8O7) –citrus fruits� ascorbic (C6H8O6) – vitamin C� LSD (C20H25N5O)
III. Bases
� increase [OH–] in water� adj.: alkaline� Characteristics:� taste bitter
III. Bases
� turn pH or litmus paper blue
III. Bases� Common bases:� NaOH – “lye”, soap, drain cleaner� ammonia (NH3) – cleaner� caffeine (C8H10N4O2) – stimulant