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PROPAGANDA ISIS MELALUI MEDIA ONLINE
SKRIPSI
Disusun dan diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Ilmu Politik (S.IP) Strata-1
Disusun Oleh :
Zhasha Prajna Paramita Nareswari
201210360311076
PROGRAM STUDI ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2016
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
Nama : Zhasha Prajna Paramita Nareswari
NIM : 201210360311076
Jurusan : Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Fakultas : Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
Judul Skripsi : PROPAGANDA ISIS MELALUI MEDIA ONLINE
Telah dipertahankan di hadapan Dewan Penguji Ujian Skripsi
Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
Jurusan Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Dan dinyatakan LULUS
Pada hari: Rabu, 22 Juni 2016
Tempat: GKB I Ruang 603
Mengesahkan,
Dekan FISIP UMM
Dr. Asep Nurjaman, M.Si
Dewan Penguji:
1. Helmia Asyathri, M.Sos ( )
2. Najamuddin Khairur Rijal, M.Hub.Int ( )
3. Ruli Inayah Ramadhoan, S.Sos, M.Si ( )
4. Nasrullah, S.Sos, M.Si ( )
KATA PENGANTAR
Bissmillahirrahmanirrahim
Assalammualaikum Wr. Wb.,
Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Allah SWT dan Nabi Besar
Muhammad SAW atas segala berkat dan rahmat-NYA skripsi dengan judul
PROPAGANDA ISIS MELALUI MEDIA ONLINE ini dapat diselesaikan oleh
penulis. Skripsi ini disusun dan diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk
memperoleh gelar sarjana strata 1 (S-1) pada Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu
Politik, Jurusan Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, Universitas Muhammadiyah
Malang. Dengan segala keterbatasan yang dimiliki penulis, masih terdapat banyak
kekurangan yang harus diperbaiki dalam penelitian ini. Semoga hasil penelitian
ini dapat bermafaat, khususnya bagi pendidikan di Jurusan Ilmu Hubungan
Internasional FISIP UMM.
Wassalammualaikum Wr. Wb.
Malang, 2 Juni 2016
Zhasha Prajna Paramita Nareswari
i
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL......................................................................... i
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI........................................... ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN........................................................... iii
HALAMAN BIMBINGAN............................................................... iv
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN........................................................... v
ABSTRAKSI....................................................................................... vi
KATA PENGANTAR......................................................................... viii
LEMBAR PERSEMBAHAN.............................................................. ix
DAFTAR ISI........................................................................................ xi
DAFTAR TABEL dan GAMBAR....................................................... xiv
BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN..................................................................
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah............................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah......................................................... 7
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian........................................................... 7
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian......................................................... 7
1.4.1 Manfaat Praktis.................................................. 7
1.4.2 Manfaat Akademis............................................. 7
1.5 Penelitian Terdahulu...................................................... 8
1.6 Kerangka Teori atau Konsep.......................................... 15
1.6.1 Konsep Propaganda............................................ 15
1.6.2 Konsep Information Society............................... 20
1.6.3 Konsep Cyber Terrorism...................................... 21
1.6.4 Metode Analisis Isi Kualitatif.............................. 24
ii
1.7 Metode Penelitian............................................................. 26
1.7.1 Tipe Penelitian...................................................... 26
1.7.2 Teknik Pengumpulan Data.................................... 26
1.7.3 Batasan Waktu Penelitian...................................... 26
1.7.4 Batasan Masalah Penelitian................................... 27
1.7.5 Asumsi Dasar......................................................... 27
1.8 Sistematika Penelitian........................................................ 27
BAB 2. PERKEMBANGAN INTERNET, MEDIA ONLINE DAN ISIS
2.1 The Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS)..................... 30
2.1.1 Ideologi ISIS............................................................ 40
2.2 Perkembangan Internet........................................................ 43
2.3 Cyber Jihad dan Sosial Media.............................................. 47
BAB 3. PROPAGANDA ISIS MELALUI MEDIA ONLINE
3.1 Propaganda ISIS di Media Online....................................... 56
3.2 Propaganda ISIS di Media Sosial......................................... 65
3.2.1 Film Propaganda ISIS di Youtube........................... 69
3.2.2 Propaganda ISIS Melalui Twitter........................... 76
3.3 Majalah Online Dabiq.......................................................... 86
3.4. Propaganda ISIS dalam Majalah Dabiq Edisi Pertama....... 93
BAB 4. PENUTUP
4.1 Saran dan Kesimpulan......................................................... 100
DAFTAR PUSTAKA................................................................................. 107
iii
DAFTAR TABEL dan GAMBAR
TABEL
1.1 Penelitian Terdahulu...................................................................... 13
1.2 Jenis Analisis Isi Kualitatif............................................................ 25
2.1 Timeline Nama Kelompok Teroris ISIS......................................... 38
3.1 Majalah Dabiq yang telah Dirilis ISIS Secara Online.................... 87
GAMBAR
1.1 Piramida Propaganda Serghei Chakotin.......................................... 17
2.1 Peta Wilayah ISIS Oktober 2014..................................................... 36
2.2 Peta Wilayah ISIS Desember 2015.................................................. 37
2.3 Jumlah Pengguna Internet Dunia Tahun 2015................................. 45
2.4 Komunikasi Para Pendukung ISIS Melalui Aplikasi
Chat Room di Media Online............................................................ 52
2. 5 Video Tutorial Jihad Online............................................................. 53
2. 6 Postingan Twitter Pendukung Kelompok Teroris............................ 54
2.7 Postingan Blackberry Messenger Pendukung ISIS yang
Menyebarkan Tutorial Jihad dan Rekrutmen Secara Online........... 54
2.8 Laman Facebook dan Twitter Pendukung ISIS............................... 55
3.1 Propaganda ISIS yang Tersebar di Media Online............................ 59
3.2 ISIS Membuka Taman Bermain untuk Merayakan Idul Fitri.......... 61
3.3 Parade Militer ISIS........................................................................... 62
iv
3.4 Screenshoot Video ISIS Mengeksekusi Tahanan............................ 63
3.5 Laman Resmi Al-Hayat Media di Dark Web................................... 65
3.6 ISIS Meretas Akun Twitter US Command....................................... 67
3.7 ISIS Meretas Akun Youtube US Command..................................... 67
3.8 Kaus Merchandise ISIS yang Dijual Secara Online........................ 69
3.9 Screenshoot Video Pertempuran ISIS.............................................. 70
3.10 Screenshoot Video Proses Eksekusi Tahanan ISIS.......................... 70
3.11 Screenshoot Video Selebrasi ISIS.................................................... 71
3.12 Screenshot Video Propaganda ISIS the Flames of War.................. 73
3.13 Poster Film Propaganda ISIS The Flames of War.......................... 79
3.14 Salah Satu Postingan Twitter Pendukung ISIS................................ 78
3.15 Tampilan DawnApp ISIS dalam Google Play Store....................... 81
3.16 Hacker ISIS Meretas #Oscar2015 Untuk Menyebarkan
Propaganda...................................................................................... 82
3.17 ISIS Menggunakan #StevensHeadinObamasHands di
Twitter Untuk Menyebarkan Propaganda........................................ 84
3.18 Rubrik Tentang Hijrah dalam Majalah Dabiq Edisi Pertama.......... 89
3.19 Rubrik Tentang Hijrah dan Jihad dalam Majalah Dabiq
Edisi Kedua...................................................................................... 89
3.20 Pidato Al-Baghdadi yang Dimuat Dalam Majalah Dabiq............... 96
3.21 Salah Satu Bentuk Propaganda ISIS Dalam Majalah Dabiq........... 97
3.22 Kelompok ISIS Berselebrasi atas Berdirinya Negara Islam............ 98
108
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