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Prokaryote Cell Structures. Taxonomy vs. structure Size and shapes Structures and functions – inside out Flagella and pili Glycocalx Cell Wall Cytoplasmic membrane Cytoplasm Nucleoid Specialized structures internal structures. Taxa and structures. Sizes and Shapes. Overview. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Prokaryote Cell Structures1. Taxonomy vs. structure2. Size and shapes3. Structures and functions – inside
out• Flagella and pili• Glycocalx• Cell Wall• Cytoplasmic membrane• Cytoplasm• Nucleoid• Specialized structures• internal structures
Taxa and structures
Sizes and Shapes
Overview
Flagella
A. Monotrichous
B. Lophotrichous
C. Amphitrichous
D. Peritrichous
A flagellum
Flagellum from textbook
Chemotaxis
Pili: structure/function
• Synonymous with fimbrae, fibril, filament• Structures are something of a mystery still• Function? Media attachment, one way or
other– To surfaces– To other cells – animal or microbial– Often lost upon culturing in broth
Glycocalx
• S-layer• Capsule/slime layer• Functions:
– Stealth– Hydration– Nutrients– Attachment
Cell Wall
• Functions– Protection– Transport– Many more if you include the periplasmic
space• Cell Wall Varieties