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ZGKHF@B LGIGIM@B KGD@IMZ@@I (U) Z^. MGHTMG

UTHCGJ^ ]HTK AHT @NNO^OHI@F L@^BGL@^OJZ

4504

@NNO^OHI@F L@^BGL@^OJZ UTHCGJ^ ]HTK

ZUL 4/4504

I`lg 3 Pu`b Pou _u

Jf`ss 3 7 Iof`l

OJ Iuldgr 3

@imk` Mofor`i 3

Zudcgjt ^g`jbgr 3 Lr Hho Jbhim Kg`t

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

@jkihwfgnmglgit

Aorst `in ahrglhst, O whufn fokg th tb`ik tbg proijopfg ha Zgkhf`b Lgigim`b Kgd`ims``i

Ugrglpu`i Zt. Mghrmg, Ui. Zb`roaa`b @aoa`b ahr movoim lg tbg pgrlossohi th nh tbos @nnotohi`f

L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk.

Zgjhinfy, O whufn `fsh fokg th sbhw ly mr`totung thw`rns tbg ginfgss muon`ijg `in

supphrt movgi dy ly @nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs sudcgjt tg`jbgr, Lr. Hho Jbhim Kg`t tbrhumbhut

tbg prhjgss ha nhoim tbos prhcgjt whrk. Bg t`umbt lg `in ly arogins p`togitfy hi w`ys th

`jjhlpfosb tbos prhcgjt whrk.

@p`rt arhl tb`t, O whufn fokg th `jkihwfgnmg `in r`img ly g`rigst `pprgjo`tohi th ly

p`rgits ahr movoim lg supphrts oi gvgry w`ys, sujb `s lhigy, th duy `iytboim tb`t `rg rgf`tgn th

tbos prhcgjt whrk `in tbgor `nvosg, wbojb os tbg lhst iggngn ahr tbos prhcgjt.

F`stfy, ` spgjo`f tb`ik yhu th `ff ly arogins ahr `onoim lg oi shfvoim shlg ha tbg

j`fjuf`tohis. ^bgy wgrg bgfpauf th sb`rg oiahrl`tohi `in ong`s oi hrngr th mgt tbos prhcgjt whrk

nhig.

@in gspgjo`ffy th Mhn, wbh l`ng `ff tboims phssodfg.

^b`ik yhu, gvgryhig.

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

Hdcgjtovgs

^bg `ols ha j`rryoim hut tbos prhcgjt whrk `rg3

^h `ppfy `in `n`pt ` v`rogty ha prhdfgl-shfvoim str`tgmogs th shfvg prhdfgls ^h olprhvg tboikoim skoffs ^h prhlhtg gaagjtovg l`tbgl`toj`f jhlluioj`tohi ^h ngvgfhp l`tbgl`toj`f kihwfgnmg tbrhumb prhdfgl-shfvoim oi ` w`y tb`t oijrg`sgs

stungits oitgrgst & jhiaongijg

^h usg f`imu`mg ha l`tbgl`tojs th gxprgss l`tbgl`toj`f ong`s prgjosgfy ^h prhvong fg`rioim givorhilgit tb`t stoluf`tgs `in gib`ijgs gaagjtovg fg`rioim. ^h ngvgfhp phsotovg `ttotung thw`rns l`tbgl`tojs

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

Oitrhnujtohi

@ Droga Bosthry ha Zt`tostojs

Dy tbg 02tb jgitury, tbg tgrl "st`tostojs" ngsomi`tgn tbg systgl`toj jhffgjtohi ha nglhmr`pboj

`in gjhihloj n`t` dy st`tgs. Oi tbg g`rfy 0?tb jgitury, tbg lg`ioim ha "st`tostojs" drh`ngign,

tbgi oijfunoim tbg nosjopfoig jhijgrign wotb tbg jhffgjtohi, sull`ry, `in `i`fysos ha n`t`.

^hn`y st`tostojs os wongfy glpfhygn oi mhvgrilgit, dusoigss, `in `ff tbg sjogijgs. Gfgjtrhioj

jhlputgrs b`vg gxpgnotgn st`tostoj`f jhlput`tohi, `in b`vg `ffhwgn st`tostojo`is th ngvgfhp

"jhlputgr-oitgisovg" lgtbhns. ^bg tgrl "l`tbgl`toj`f st`tostojs" ngsomi`tgs tbg l`tbgl`toj`f

tbghrogs ha prhd`dofoty `in st`tostoj`f oiagrgijg, wbojb `rg usgn oi st`tostoj`f pr`jtojg. ^bg rgf`tohi

dgtwggi st`tostojs `in prhd`dofoty tbghry ngvgfhpgn r`tbgr f`tg, bhwgvgr. Oi tbg 0?tb jgitury,

st`tostojs oijrg`soimfy usgn prhd`dofoty tbghry, wbhsg oioto`f rgsufts wgrg ahuin oi tbg0=tb `in

02tb jgiturogs, p`rtojuf`rfy oi tbg `i`fysos ha m`lgs ha jb`ijg (m`ldfoim). Dy 0255, `strhihly

usgn prhd`dofoty lhngfs `in st`tostoj`f tbghrogs, p`rtojuf`rfy tbg lgtbhn ha fg`st squ`rgs, wbojb

w`s oivgitgn dy Fgmginrg `in M`uss. G`rfy prhd`dofoty tbghry `in st`tostojs w`s systgl`tozgn

`in gxtgingn dy F`pf`jg; ahffhwoim F`pf`jg, prhd`dofoty `in st`tostojs b`vg dggi oi jhitoiu`f

ngvgfhplgit. Oi tbg0?tb jgitury, shjo`f sjogitosts usgn st`tostoj`f rg`shioim `in prhd`dofoty

lhngfs th `nv`ijg tbg igw sjogijgs ha gxpgrolgit`f psyjbhfhmy `in shjohfhmy; pbysoj`f

sjogitosts usgn st`tostoj`f rg`shioim `in prhd`dofoty lhngfs th `nv`ijg tbg igw sjogijgs ha

tbgrlhnyi`lojs `in st`tostoj`f lgjb`iojs. ^bg ngvgfhplgit ha st`tostoj`f rg`shioim w`s jfhsgfy

`sshjo`tgn wotb tbg ngvgfhplgit ha oinujtovg fhmoj `in tbg sjogitoaoj lgtbhn. Zt`tostojs os iht `

aogfn ha l`tbgl`tojs dut `i `uthihlhus l`tbgl`toj`f sjogijg, fokg jhlputgr sjogijg hr

hpgr`tohis rgsg`rjb. Wifokg l`tbgl`tojs, st`tostojs b`n ots hromois oi pudfoj `nloiostr`tohi `in

l`oit`ois ` spgjo`f jhijgri wotb nglhmr`pby `in gjhihlojs. Dgoim jhijgrign wotb tbg

sjogitoaoj lgtbhn `in oinujtovg fhmoj, st`tostoj`f tbghry b`s jfhsg `sshjo`tohi wotb tbg pbofhshpbyha sjogijg; wotb ots glpb`sos hi fg`rioim arhl n`t` `in l`koim dgst prgnojtohis, st`tostojs b`s

mrg`t hvgrf`p wotb tbg ngjosohi sjogijg `in lojrhgjhihlojs. ]otb ots jhijgris wotb n`t`,

st`tostojs b`s hvgrf`p wotb oiahrl`tohi sjogijg `in jhlputgr sjogijg.

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

Zt`tostojs ^hn`y

Nuroim tbg 45tb jgitury, tbg jrg`tohi ha prgjosg oistrulgits ahr `mrojuftur`f rgsg`rjb, pudfoj

bg`ftb jhijgris (gponglohfhmy, dohst`tostojs, gtj.), oinustro`f qu`foty jhitrhf, `in gjhihloj `in

shjo`f purphsgs (uiglpfhylgit r`tg, gjhihlgtroj, gtj.) igjgssot`tgn sudst`ito`f `nv`ijgs oi

st`tostoj`f pr`jtojgs. ^hn`y tbg usg ha st`tostojs b`s drh`ngign a`r dgyhin ots hromois. Oinovonu`fs

`in hrm`ioz`tohis usg st`tostojs th uingrst`in n`t` `in l`kg oiahrlgn ngjosohis tbrhumbhut tbg

i`tur`f `in shjo`f sjogijgs, lgnojoig, dusoigss, `in htbgr `rg`s. Zt`tostojs os mgigr`ffy rgm`rngn

iht `s ` sudaogfn ha l`tbgl`tojs dut r`tbgr `s ` nostoijt, `fdgot `ffogn, aogfn. L`iy uiovgrsotogs

l`oit`oi sgp`r`tg l`tbgl`tojs `in st`tostojs ngp`rtlgits. Zt`tostojs os `fsh t`umbt oi ngp`rtlgits

`s novgrsg `s psyjbhfhmy, gnuj`tohi, `in pudfoj bg`ftb.

Urojg Oingx

@ projg oingx (pfur`f3 projg oinojgs hr projgoingxgs) os ` ihrl`fozgn `vgr`mg (typoj`ffy

wgombtgn `vgr`mg) ha projgs ahr ` movgi jf`ss ha mhhns hr sgrvojgs oi ` movgi rgmohi, nuroim `

movgi oitgrv`f ha tolg. Ot os ` st`tostoj ngsomign th bgfp th jhlp`rg bhw tbgsg projgs, t`kgi `s `

wbhfg, noaagr dgtwggi tolg pgrohns hr mghmr`pboj`f fhj`tohis.

Urojg oinojgs b`vg sgvgr`f phtgito`f usgs. Ahr p`rtojuf`rfy drh`n oinojgs, tbg oingx j`i dg s`on th

lg`surg tbg gjhihly's projg fgvgf hr ` jhst ha fovoim. Lhrg i`rrhw projg oinojgs j`i bgfp

prhnujgrs wotb dusoigss pf`is `in projoim. Zhlgtolgs, tbgy j`i dg usgauf oi bgfpoim th muong

oivgstlgit.

Zhlg iht`dfg projg oinojgs oijfung3

Jhisulgr projg oingx Urhnujgr projg oingx

MNU ngaf`thr

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

Bosthry ha G`rfy Urojg Oinojgs

Ih jfg`r jhisgisus b`s glgrmgn hi wbh jrg`tgn tbg aorst projg oingx. ^bg g`rfogst rgphrtgn

rgsg`rjb oi tbos `rg` j`lg arhl ]gfsbl`i Tojg Q`umb`i wbh gx`loign projg fgvgf jb`img oibos

01=7 dhhk @Nosjhursg ha Jhoi `in Jhoi`mg. Q`umb`i w`itgn th sgp`r`tg tbg oiaf`tohi`ry

olp`jt ha tbg oiafux ha prgjohus lgt`fs drhumbt dy Zp`oi arhl tbg Igw ]hrfn arhl tbg gaagjt

nug th jurrgijy ngd`sglgit. Q`umb`i jhlp`rgn f`dhr st`tutgs arhl bos hwi tolg th solof`r

st`tutgs n`toim d`jk th Gnw`rn OOO. ^bgsg st`tutgs sgt w`mgs ahr jgrt`oi t`sks `in prhvongn ` mhhn

rgjhrn ha tbg jb`img oi w`mg fgvgfs. Q`umb`i rg`shign tb`t tbg l`rkgt ahr d`soj f`dhr non iht

afujtu`tg lujb wotb tolg `in tb`t ` d`soj f`dhrgrs s`f`ry whufn prhd`dfy duy tbg s`lg `lhuit ha

mhhns oi noaagrgit tolg pgrohns, sh tb`t ` f`dhrgr's s`f`ry `jtgn `s ` d`skgt ha mhhns. Q`umb`i's

`i`fysos oinoj`tgn tb`t projg fgvgfs oi Gimf`in b`n rosgi sox th gombtahfn hvgr tbg prgjgnoim

jgitury

]bofg Q`umb`i j`i dg jhisongrgn ` ahrgruiigr ha projg oingx rgsg`rjb, bos `i`fysos non

iht`jtu`ffy oivhfvg j`fjuf`toim `i oingx. Oi 0=5= Gimfosbl`i ]offo`l Afggtwhhn jrg`tgn

pgrb`pstbg aorst trug projg oingx. @i Hxahrn stungit `skgn Afggtwhhn th bgfp sbhw bhw projgs

b`njb`imgn. ^bg stungit sthhn th fhsg bos agffhwsbop soijg ` aoatggitb jgitury stopuf`tohi

d`rrgnstungits wotb `iiu`f oijhlgs hvgr aovg phuins arhl rgjgovoim ` agffhwsbop. Afggtwhhn,

wbh `frg`ny b`n `i oitgrgst oi projg jb`img, b`n jhffgjtgn ` f`rmg `lhuit ha projg n`t` mhoim

d`jk buinrgns ha yg`rs. Afggtwhhn prhphsgn `i oingx jhisostoim ha `vgr`mgn projg rgf`tovgs `in

usgn bos lgtbhns th sbhw tb`t tbg v`fug ha aovg phuins b`n jb`imgn mrg`tfy hvgr tbg jhursg ha

415yg`rs. Bg `rmugn hi dgb`fa ha tbg Hxahrn stungits `in pudfosbgn bos aoinoims `ihiylhusfy oi

` vhfulg gitotfgn Jbrhiojhi Urgjohsu.

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

@J^OQO^_ 0

JHFFGJ^OIM

OIAHTL@^OHI

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

@J^OQO^_ 4

@I@F_ZOIM ^BG

N@^@

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

D`sgn hi tbg n`t` jhffgjtgn,

`) J`fjuf`tg tbg pgrjgit`mg ha oijrg`sg oi gxpginoturg ahr g`jb otgl oi 4500 d`sgn hi455?.

IhOtgl ha

gxpginoturg

@vgr`mg gxpginoturg

yg`r 455? (TL)

@vgr`mg gxpginoturg

yg`r 4500 (TL)

Ugrjgit`mg ha oijrg`sg

4500 d`sgn 455? (%)

0 Ahhn 0:77 0=57

4 Bhusg Tgit`f =77 ?:7

: ^r`isphrt`tohi :55 >47

> Gitgrt`oilgit 42> >>7

7 Doffs 4== :21

d) Aoin tbg gxpginoturg oingx ahr g`jb otgl.

Ih Otgl ha gxpginoturgUgrjgit`mg

4500 d`sgn 455?Oingx

0 Ahhn

047.2:

4 Bhusg Tgit`f

04:.2>

: ^r`isphrt`tohi

0>0.1=

> Gitgrt`oilgit

071.1?

7 Doffs

0:?.:7

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

j) Ngtgrloig tbg wgombt`mg ha g`jb otgl oi pgrjgit`mg. Bgijg, hr htbgrwosg prgsgityhur wgombt`mgs oi tbg ahrl ha pog jb`rt.

Ih Otgl ha gxpginoturgUgrjgit`mg

4500 d`sgn 455?Oingx

Ugrjgit`mg

(]gombt`mg)

Ngmrggs

(]gombt`mg)

0 Ahhn

047.2: >7.10 01>.45

4 Bhusg Tgit`f

04:.2> 47.>0 ?0.>2

: ^r`isphrt`tohi

0>0.1= 05.05 :1.:1

> Gitgrt`oilgit

071.1? ?.71 :>.>4

7 Doffs

0:?.:7 ?.:4 ::.77

^ht`f 055 :15

Ahhn, >7.10%

Bhusg Tgit`f,

47.>0%

^r`isphrt`tohi,

05.05%

Gitgrt`oilgit,

?.71%

Doffs, ?.:4%

]gombt`mg ha G`jb Otgl

Ahhn

Bhusg Tgit`f

^r`isphrt`tohi

Gitgrt`oilgit

Doffs

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

n) Aoin tbg v`fug ha gxpginoturg jhlphsotg oingx oi tbg yg`r 4500 d`sgn hi yg`r 455?.

Ih Otgl ha gxpginoturg Oingx,O

Ugrjgit`mg

(]gombt`mg)

]

O]

0 Ahhn 047.2: >7.10 7=:?.00

4 Bhusg Tgit`f 04:.2> 47.>0 :0>1.==

: ^r`isphrt`tohi 0>0.1= 05.05 0>:5.2=

> Gitgrt`oilgit 071.1? ?.71 0>?=.?1

7 Doffs 0:?.:7 ?.:4 04?2.=>

^ht`f 055 0:00:.>7

Jhlphsotg oingx,

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

@J^OQO^_ :

OI^GTUTG^OIM ^BG

TGZWF^

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

`) Ngsjrodg tbg gxpginoturg ha g`jb otgl d`sgn hi tbg v`fug ha gxpginoturg oingx yhuhdt`oign.

Ih Otgl ha gxpginoturg Oingx,

O

0 Ahhn 047.2:

4 Bhusg Tgit`f 04:.2>

: ^r`isphrt`tohi 0>0.1=

> Gitgrt`oilgit 071.1?

7 Doffs 0:?.:7

5

45

>5

15

25

055

045

0>5

015

025

Ahhn Bhusg Tgit`f ^r`isphrt`tohi Gitgrt`oilgit Doffs

Oingx

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

Ih Otgl ha gxpginoturg Ngsjroptohis

0 AhhnAhhn oingx iuldgr os 047.2:. Ahhn b`s oijrg`sgn 47.2:%

jhlp`rgn th yg`r 455?.

4 Bhusg Tgit`f

Bhusg Tgit`f oingx iuldgr 04:.2> os tbg fhwgst v`fug `lhim

tbg htbgr otgls wotb tbg oijrg`sg ha 4:.2>% arhl tbg d`sgn

yg`r 455?.

: ^r`isphrt`tohi^r`isphrt`tohi oingx iuldgr os 0>0.1=,wbojb os >0.1=% ha

oijrg`sg d`sgn 455?.

> Gitgrt`oilgit

Gitgrt`oilgit b`s tbg f`rmgst v`fug ha oingx iuldgr wbojb os

071.1? oi tbg fost ha otgl. ^bg pgrjgit`mg ha oijrg`sg ha

gitgrt`oilgit jhlp`rgn th tbg yg`r 455? os 71.1?%.

7 Doffs

Doffs thhk up tborn f`rmgst v`fug ha oingx iuldgr oi tbg gitorg

otgl, `in tbg oingx iuldgr os 0:?.:7, oijrg`sgn wotb

pgrjgit`mg ha :?.:7%.

d) L`kg ` jhijfusohi d`sgn hi tbg jhlphsotg oingx ha gxpginoturg.

^bg jhlphsotg oingx ahr hvgr`ff gxpginoturg os 0:0.0:, tbg tht`f gxpginoturg oijrg`sg

:0.0:% oi tbg yg`r 4500 d`sgn hi tbg yg`r 455?.

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

@J^OQO^_ >

AWT^BGT

GRUFHT@^OHI

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

`) Oi tbg yg`r 450:, tbg jhst ha fovoim os gxpgjtgn th oijrg`sg dy 45% d`sgn hi yg`r4500. J`fjuf`tg tbg gxpginoturg oingx ha g`jb otgl oi yg`r 450: d`sgn hi yg`r 455?.

Ih Otgl ha gxpginoturg Oingx,O

4500 d`sgn 455?

Oingx,O

450: d`sgn 455?

0 Ahhn 047.2:

4 Bhusg Tgit`f 04:.2>

: ^r`isphrt`tohi 0>0.1=

> Gitgrt`oilgit 071.1?

7 Doffs 0:?.:7

d) Arhl tbg oiahrl`tohi oi prgvohus `jtovoty (>`), usg `t fg`st twh lgtbhns th aoin tbgjhlphsotg oingx ha gxpginoturg oi tbg yg`r 450: d`sgn hi yg`r 455?.

Lgtbhn 0

455? 4500 450:

0:0.0: 045

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

Gitgrt`oilgit - oistg`n ha mhoim th joigl`s ahr lhvogs. Lhvog NQNs wg`tbgr otshromoi`f hr por`tgn j`i dg dhumbt `in w`tjb `t bhlg. ^bg jhst ha NQN os r`tbgr

jbg`pgr tb`i lhvog tojkgts ahr ` a`lofy.

DoffsDoffs jhsts fokg gfgjtrojoty `in w`tgr j`i dg rgnujgn dy s`voim tbg `lhuitha gfgjtrojoty `in w`tgr us`mg. Hig a`lofy sbhufn usg tbgsg shurjgs wosgfy fokg

turioim fombts haa nuroim n`ytolg, `vhon b`voim ` fhim sbhwgr tolg `in gtj.

n) Zbhw tbg olp`jt ha yhur summgstohi hi tbg jhlphsotg oingx ha gxpginoturg. Dy `ssuloim tbg oingx iuldgr ahr 4500 d`sgn hi 455? os 055 ahr tbgsg otgls

^r`isphrt`tohi, Gitgrt`oilgit `in Doffs.

Ih Otgl ha gxpginoturgOingx,

450: d`sgn 455?]gombt`mg

0 Ahhn

>7.10 122=.00

4 Bhusg Tgit`f

47.>0 :==1.02

: ^r`isphrt`tohi

05.05 0404.55

> Gitgrt`oilgit

?.71 00>=.45

7 Doffs

?.:4 0002.>5

^ht`f 055 0>0>5.2?

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

@J^OQO^_ 7

JHIJFWZOHI

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

D`sgn hi tbg rgsuft ha stuny,

`) Fost tbrgg (:) olphrt`it otgls oi ` a`lofy gxpginoturg. Gxpf`oi bhw yhu sgfgjt tbgsgolphrt`it otgls.

o. AhhnAhhn os tbg gssgito`f iggn ha `ff fovoim tboims gspgjo`ffy bul`is `in `iol`fs.

]otbhut ahhn, hig j`i igvgr hdt`oi iutrogits iggngn ahr dhny th auijtohi wgff.

Ahhn pf`ys ` vot`f rhfg oi tbg survov`f ha l`ikoin `in ot os prhvgi th dg tbg shurjg

ha foag. ^bus, ot os hig ha tbg olphrt`it otgls oi ` a`lofy gxpginoturg.

oo. Bhusg Tgit`fB`voim ` bhusg os vgry olphrt`it oi gvgry bul`is foag dgj`usg gvgryhig iggns `

sbgftgr. Hig j`i dg prhtgjtgn `in sgjurgn dgoim oi bhlg. Aurtbgrlhrg, ot gi`dfgs

us th fg`n ` ngagisovg foagstyfg `s ot haagrs sgfa-`ssur`ijg `in sgjuroty th l`ikoin.

Oi hrngr th b`vg ` bhusg, wg iggn th p`y lhrtm`mg gvgry lhitb uitof tbg ngdts `rg

sgttfgn (oi tbg ahrl ha bhusoim fh`is) th ` spgjoaoj p`rty, fokg d`iks. ]bofg bhusg

rgit`f os p`on gvgry lhitb ahr rgitgn bhusgs.

ooo. ^r`isphrt`tohi^r`isphrt`tohi b`s dgjhlg ` d`sos ha bul`is n`ofy foag oi tbos gr`. Ughpfg iggn

tr`isphrt`tohi fokg j`rs, lhthrjyjfgs, dusgs `in gtj th tr`vgf th ` ngstoi`tohi.

Dgsongs, tbgy iggn th tr`vgf th m`oi oijhlg thh. L`iy a`lofogs hwi `t fg`st `

vgbojfg `in bgijg, tbgy iggn th spgin ahr tbg augf projg. ]bofg tbg htbgrs wbh

tr`vgfs dy pudfoj tr`isphrt`tohi, ot os stoff oi iggn th p`y ahr tbg dus hr j`d a`rg. @s

` jhijfusohi, tr`isphrt`tohi os ` igjgssoty ahr ` pgrshi th tr`vgf arhl hig pf`jg th

`ihtbgr.

^bg tbrgg olphrt`it otgls gxpginoturg `rg sgfgjtgn dy rgagrroim th tbgor rgspgjtovg

wgombt`mgs.

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

d) ]b`t os tbg jhst ha fovoim ahr ` a`lofy oi tbg yg`r 4500 wbgi jhlp`rgn th yg`r 455?8Jhst ha fovoim oi tbg yg`r 4500 os :0.0:% lhrg tb`i yg`r 455?.

j) ]b`t `rg tbg olp`jts hi ` a`lofy oa tbg jhst ha fovoim oijrg`sgs dy 45% oi 450:8^bg olp`jts hi ` a`lofy oa tbg jhst ha fovoim oijrg`sgs dy 45% oi 450: whufn v`ry

d`sgn hi tbg oijhlg ha tbg a`lofy.^bg rosoim jhst ha fovoim wbofg tbg oijhlg ha

a`lofy rgl`ois tbg s`lg woff droim ollgisg b`rnsbop th ` a`lofy `s tbgy jhufn iht

spgin gihumb hi ahhn, bhusg rgit`f, tr`isphrt`tohi, gitgrt`oilgit `in doffs

`jjhrnoimfy. ^bg phssodfg olp`jt hi ` a`lofy oa tbg jhst ha fovoim oijrg`sgs dy 45% oi

450: os tbgy lombt dg dgfhw phvgrty foig. ^bg oijrg`sg oi tbg mgigr`f fgvgf ha projgs

olpfogs ` ngjrg`sg oi tbg purjb`soim phwgr ha tbg jurrgijy. ^bus, oiaf`tohi hjjurs.

Hig a`lofy woff a`jg prhdfgl fokg sbhrt`mg ha ahhn `in gvgitu`ffy, tbgy woff suaagr

arhl l`fiutrotohi. @p`rt arhl tb`t, tbg a`lofy woff b`vg noaaojuftogs oi p`yoim up tbgor

ngdts ahr bhusg fh`is/rgit`f `s tbg oijrg`sg ha jhst fovoim gaagjts tbg gjhihly `in

j`usoim tbg bhusg rgit`f th dg lhrg gxpgisovg. Lg`iwbofg, a`lofogs woff `fsh dg

aoi`ijo`ffy uist`dfg `s tbgrg woff dg ` 45% bokg oi tbg augf projg.

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

n) Oa yhur summgstohis `rg `dfg th rgnujg tbg jhst ha fovoim, bhw nhgs ot `aagjt tbgjhlphsotg oingx8

Dy `ssuloim tbg oingx iuldgr ahr 4500 d`sgn hi 455? os 055 ahr tbgsg otgls

^r`isphrt`tohi, Gitgrt`oilgit `in Doffs.

Ih Otgl ha gxpginoturgOingx,

450: d`sgn 455?]gombt`mg

0 Ahhn

>7.10 122=.00

4 Bhusg Tgit`f

47.>0 :==1.02

: ^r`isphrt`tohi

05.05 0404.55

> Gitgrt`oilgit

?.71 00>=.45

7 Doffs

?.:4 0002.>5

^ht`f 055 0>0>5.2?

^bg jhlphsotg oingx ngjrg`sgs arhl 07=.:1 th 0>0.>0.

g) ]b`t os tbg pgrjgit`mg ha rgnujtohi oi tbg jhst ha fovoim oi yg`r 450: oa yhursummgstohis `rg `jjgptgn8

^bg olp`jt dy jhitrhffoim tbg : otgls `dhvg, wg j`i rgnujg jhlphsotg oingx dy

00.42%

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

Tgafgjtohi

0. ]bofg yhu wgrg nhoim tbos prhcgjt, wb`t b`vg yhu fg`rign8^brhumbhut tbg prhcgjt wbofg O w`s jhinujtoim ot, O b`vg fg`rign l`iy tboims. O b`vg

jhlg th rg`fozg tbg olphrt`ijg ha l`tbgl`tojs oi n`ofy foag `p`rt arhl tbg rgmuf`r

j`fjuf`tohis ha solpfg iuldgrs. Lhrghvgr, O b`vg fg`rit th dg lhrg p`togit `in iht th

movg up g`sofy. ^bgsg `rg tbg phsotovg `ttotungs hig sbhufn b`vg th dg `dfg th nh

shlgtboim sujjgssauffy. Dgsongs, O fg`rign bhw th jhhpgr`tg wotb arogins. Ly arogins

`in O nosjussgn `dhut tbg prhcgjt `in wg sb`rgn ong`s `lhimst hursgfvgs. ^bos

nosjussohi b`s l`ng lg lhrg jhiaongit wbgi nhoim shlgtboim.

4. Fost hut sgvgr`f lhr`f v`fugs tb`t yhu pr`jtojg wbgi nhoim tbos prhcgjt.O b`vg pr`jtojgn sgvgr`f lhr`f v`fugs wbofg j`rryoim hut tbos prhcgjt whrk sujb `s

sgfa-nosjopfoig. O b`vg trogn ly vgry dgst th jhlpfgtg tbos prhcgjt whrk wotbhut

prhjr`stoi`toim `in bgijg, l`i`mgn th b`in ot oi hi tolg. ^bos prhcgjt b`n t`umbt lg

th rgsphisodfg hi tbg whrks tb`t `rg movgi th lg th dg jhlpfgtgn. Igvgrtbgfgss, O w`s

b`rnwhrkoim wbgi nhoim tbos prhcgjt `in b`n spgit lhst ha ly tolg shfvoim `ff tbg

j`fjuf`tohis p`togitfy. Dgsongs, O b`vg `fsh pr`jtojgn tg`lwhrk wotb ly agffhw

arogins dy sb`roim ong`s `in oiahrl`tohi tbrhumbhut tbg prhjgss ha nhoim tbos prhcgjt

whrk. Dy pr`jtojoim `ff tbgsg lhr`f v`fugs, O b`vg sujjggngn oi jhlpfgtoim tbos

prhcgjt whrk ha @nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs.

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@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs Urhcgjt ]hrk 4 4504

:. Urgsgit yhur hpoiohis hr aggfoims jrg`tovgfy jhijgrioim tbos prhcgjt tbrhumb tbgus`mg ha syldhfs, offustr`tohis, nr`woims hr shims.

]bgi O kihw yhu ahr tbg aorst tolg,

O aggf sh st`r strujk,

O aggf jurohus `dhut yhu,

Hdsgssgn th kihw `ff `dhut yhu,

@in O gvgi st`fk yhu,

N`y `in Iombt,

O `l `fw`ys tboikoim `dhut yhu `in O rg`fozgn,

^bos os wb`t pghpfg j`ff a`ffoim oi FHQG

_hu `rg sh jfoimy `in `nnojtovg,

_hu l`kg lg turis th yhu 4>-bhurs ` n`y,

^gffoim lg fottfg dy fottfg `dhut ^bg Kihwgr ha @ff

Kihw, O aggf sh mr`tgauf

^b`t Bg b`s movgi lg tbg jb`ijg th mgt th kihw yhu

@nnotohi`f L`tbgl`tojs

O FHQG _HW